apparatus, 218; character, 219,
223; first patent, 219, 220;
goes to England, 220; friend-
ship with Sir William Preece,
220, 221; sets up two radio
stations, 222; connects British
Isles with France, 223; over-
comes criticisms by second great
invention, 223, 224; establishes
communication between New-
foundland and England, 225-
227; establishes Marconi Wire-
less Telegraph Company of
America, 227, 228; equips ships
with apparatus, 228, 229; pat-
ents, 229; attitude of Germany
toward, 229, 230; business
ability, 230; present experi-
ments, 231; honors received,
231, 232; recreations, 232.
Marconi, William. Italian elec-
trician (1875- .) Experiments
in wireless telegraphy, xiv, 425.
Marco Polo.-(1255-1323.) Vene-
tian traveller; travels and mari-
time adventures, vi, 95, 96, 98;
visits court of Great Khan of
Tartary, 96; influence on later
mariners and discoverers, xiv,

261.

A. D.). Roman Emperor (161-
180 A. D.), teacher of morality,
i, 231, 242; exemplifies "the
Glory of Rome," iv, 105; &
model of human virtue, 106;
family and youth, 107; adopted
by Antoninus Pius, whom he
later on succeeds as Emperor,
107; his philosophical "Medita-
tions," 108, 113; his military
services, 108, 109; the column
at Rome commemorating his vic-
tories, 109; succession of his
cruel son Commodus, 111; per-
secution of the Christians, 110-
112; his "Meditations" kin to

the discourses of Epictetus, 113-
116; lives for the happiness of
his subjects, 117; precious
thoughts of his writings, 120;
prosperity of the empire under
him, 122-127; his wife an
abandoned and profligate woman,
128; evils co-existing with pros-
perity, 131; his sweetness and
serenity, 133; vii, 195, 377,
389; viii, 44, 102, 156, 239;
ix, 109; x, 159.

Marengo, Battlefield of (1800), vi,
188; ix, 124.

Marey, Prof. Jules.-(b.

1830.)

Marienburg, Battle of, viii, 353.
Mariette, Auguste E.-(1821-81.)

--

French Egyptologist, i, 31.
Marillac, Marshal.-viii, 199.
Mariners' compass discovered by
ancient Chinese, xiv, 262.
Maritime Discoveries, vi, 95. See
Columbus, Christopher.
Marius, Caius, Roman general.-
(155-86 B. C.) The Roman le-
gion after his era, iii, 264.
Mark, the apostle, with Saul and
Barnabus in Cyprus, ii, 418.
Markham, Sir Clements.-(b. 1830.)
English traveller and geographer,
xiv, 325.
Marlborough, Duchess of.-(1660-
1744.) A "Woman of the World"
and celebrated favorite of Queen
Anne, vii, 181; birth, 182; con-
trasted with Mme. de Maintenon,
181, 182; marriage, 184; beauty
and majestic figure, 185; corre-
sponds with Princess Anne under
assumed names of "Mrs. Morley"
and "Mrs. Freeman," 186; ac-
companies Mrs. Morley (Princess
Anne) to Chatsworth, 187; her
husband created a duke, 187;
Princess Anne becomes Queen
(1702), 193; and the Duchess
rises to power and influence at
court, 193-196; high connections,
193; her worldliness, 194; ar-
rogance, 195; strained relations
with the Queen, 197; Harley
(Earl of Oxford) intrigues
against the Duchess and uses
Queen's lady's-maid (Abigail
Hill) to undermine her influence,
200; is supplanted in favor by
"Mrs. Masham" (Mdlle. Hill),
203; breach widens between
Queen and the imperious Duch-
ess, 205; is dismissed by Anne,
206; Dean Swift becomes her
enemy, 211; is accused of pecu-

-

lation in office, 211; is disgraced
while he husband is dismissed
from office, 215; death of the
Duke makes her richest woman
in England, 218; her last days,
221; death, 222; her character,
222-224; viii, 102; x, 61, 302.
Marlborough, Duke of. (165 0-
1722.) Famous English general
and statesman, vii, 183, 184,
187; sent to the Tower for
complicity in Jacobite intrigues,
189; restored to favor, and
made general of troops in Flan-
ders, 190; military fame, 193;
Tory jealousy of him, 196; wins
battle of Ramilles (1706), 201,
dismissed from office, 215; re-
sides abroad for a time, 216;
has paralytic fit, 217; his great
wealth and death, 218; viii, 157,
168, 251, 286, 346; ix, 105,
116, 175, 361, 362.

"Marmion," Scott's, vii, 330.
Marmont, Duke of Ragusa.-(1774-
1852.) French marshal under
Napoleon, ix, 218.
Marquette, Père. (1 6 3 7-7 5.)
French Jesuit missionary and
explorer in prairies of western
wilderness, vi, 309.

Marriage, Confucius's view of the
great object of, i, 171; his fail-
ure to recognize sanctity of, 171.
Mars, Roman deity, god of war, i,
47.

Marschner, Heinrich. -(1795-
1861.) German composer. His
"Hans Heiling," xiv, 30.
Marseillaise, The (French war
song), 1792, vii, 57.
Marseilles, Massacres at, ix, 202.
Marshall, John.-(17 55-18 35.)
American jurist, xi, 253; chief-
justice, 258, 319; "One Supreme
Court," 324; the "Expounder of
the U. S. Constitution," 325;

For location of Volumes in Books.

birth, family, and personal ap-
pearance, 326, 327; joins the
minute men in the army, 328;
military services, 329; admitted
to the bar, 330; member of the
Virginia legislature, 331; sup-
ports measures of Washington's
administrations, 333; accepts
with Pinckney and Gerry special
mission to France, 334; returns,
becomes Congressman and sup-
ports Adams's administration,
336; becomes Secretary of
State, 338; on the right of con-
fiscation, 342; becomes chief-
justice, 343, 344; his delivered
opinions and questions of consti-
tutional law decided by him,
344; upholds supremacy of the
constitution over the acts of the
national and State legislatures,
347-349; sustains the general
government in its power to regu-
late commerce unhindered by the
States, 349, 350; his renderings
on international law, 353, 354;
decisions on prize cases, 357-
360; personal characteristics,

361.

Mars Hill, Paul's discourse on, ii,

431.

Marston Moor, Battle of (1644),

viii, 158, 221, 243.

Martial, Marcus Valerius. (43-
104 A. D.) Latin poet and epi-
grammatist, i, 343.

Martignac, Jean Baptiste de.-
French statesman, ix, 216.
Martin, Henri.-(1810-83.) French
historian, quoted, vii, 158; viii,
281.

Martin, Luther, of Maryland.-
(1744-1826.) American lawyer,
xi, 299.

Marx, Karl. (1818-1883.) Ger-
man socialist, xv, 163, 164, 166.
"Mary, Queen," of England, Tenny-

son's drama of, xiii, 466, 471,
Miss Bateman's acting of the
part in the play, 471.

Mary II, wife of William III of
England, becomes Queen (1689),
vii, 187; dies of smallpox
(1694), 190.

Mary of Modena, Queen of James
II of England. (1658-1718.)

vii, 183, 192.

Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots.-

-

opera of,

(1542-87.) vi, 325; vii, 372;
、 viii, 72, 94-97, 100, 361.
Mary Tudor's ("Bloody Mary")
era. (1510-58.) xiii, 466, 468.
Masaccio, T. Guido, Italian painter
(1402-43), studies anatomy, vi
194.
"Masaniello," Auber's
xiv, 30.
Masaryk, Thomas G. (1850)
President of Bohemia, xv, 363:
organizer and chief diplomat of
Bohemia, 364; property con-
fiscated by Austrian Govern
ment, 364, 365; writings, 364,
365, 368, 375, 378; wife, 366;
issues "Declaration of Independ
ence of the Czecho-Slovak Na-
tion," 366; demands complete
democratic dismemberment of
Austria-Hungary, 367; commits
Bohemia to the side of the
Allies, 367; physical character
istics, 368, 369; power in Russis
367, 368, 371-373; professer
ship, 369, 370; Puritanism, 37-
371;

sends Czecho-Slovak army
from Russia, 372; education of
373-375; teaches at University
of Vienna, then at University of
Prague, 374, 375; elected t
Parliament, 375, 376; head of
Provisional Government, 376; re
tires from Parliament, 377
forms the Progressive Party
377; makes party friendly

For location of Volumes in Books

sent out
Bohemia,

democracy, 378, 379;
as propagandist for
379-372; lectures on Bohemia in
the U. S., 383, 384; appoints
Charles Pergler commissioner of
Government of Bohemia, 385;
calmness, 386, 387; Father of
His Country, 387.
Mascagni, Pietro.-(b. 1863.) Ital-
ian composer, xiv, 67.

Masham, Mrs. (Abigail Hill.)-In-
timate of Queen Anne, vii, 200,
202, 203, 217. See Hill, Abigail.
Mashonaland, Africa, farms in, xiv,
336, 344.

Mason, Jeremiah.-(1768-1848.)
American lawyer and politician,
xi, 185, 210.

Masonic movement, Anti-, xii, 77,

-

(1805-72.)

Maurice, F. Denison.
English divine, xiii, 446; xiv,
108.

Maut, consort of Ammon, in Egyp-
tian myth Mother Nature, i, 34.
Mavrokordatos, Alex.- (1791-

1865.) Heroic Greek chieftain,
at Napoli di Romania, ix, 295;
becomes President of Greece
(1821), 295; at Missolonghi,
300, 304, 313.
Maxentius, Roman Emperor.
(306-312 A. D.) Declares war

against Constantine (the Great),
iv, 150.

Maximilian, Archduke, in Mexico,
X, 235, 236, 239, 295.
Maximilian I. Duke of Bavaria.-
(1573-1651.) Aids Ferdinand

II in Thirty Years' War on
Catholic side, viii, 148, 152.
Maximilian II.-viii, 146.
Maxims, Chinese, recited as a re-
ligious ritual, xiv, 267.
Maxwell, James Clerk. (1831-
1879.) Scottish Physicist, xvi,
215.

-

"May, The Promise of," Tenny.
son's, xiii, 471.

Mayas, The, of Central America,
xiv, 389.

Mayenne, Duke of, leads the Cath-
olic forces in the War of the
League against Henry of Na-
varre, viii, 130.

Maynooth College Grant, x, 358.
Maynooth Roman Catholic College,

X, 78, 329, 359.

"May Queen," The, Tennyson's,
xiii, 443, 453.

Mazarin, Jules.--(1602-61.) French

statesman and cardinal, vii, 167;
viii, 171, 202, 204, 256, 260-
262, 275; ix, 106, 183, 338.
Mazzini, Jewish, vii, 383.
Mazzini, Joseph.-(1805-72.) Ital-
ian patriot, joins the Carbonari,
For location of Volumes in Books,

X, 109-111; founds Association
of Young Italy, 111; seeks to
make Italy a republic, 112, 122,
135; failure and flies to England,
113; returns (1848) to Italy,
114; member of Constituent As-
sembly with Garibaldi, 128; at
Naples, 138; here Garibaldi
holds aloof from his republican
patriot, 138; indiscretion of,
143; 104, 106, 109.
Meade, Geo. G.-(1815-72.) Amer-
ican general, succeeds Hooker as
general-in-chief in Civil War,
xii, 294; his victory over the
Confederates at Gettysburg
(July 3, 1863), 294.

Mecænas, Villa of, at Tivoli, iit,
108.

Mecca, Arabia, Railroad to, xiv,
380.

Mechanical and useful arts among

the Ancients, iii, 195.
Mechanicsville, Battle of (June,
1862), xii, 329.

Mediæval Cathedrals, vi, 189, 209.
Mediæval Chants, vi, 248.
Medieval despotism, vi, 246.

naan, ii, 34; blesses Abram, 36;
reign of (time of Abraham), xiv,
378.

Mélun, France, vii, 36.
Memnon,

sitting statues of, at
Thebes, iii, 112.

Memphis, Egypt, i, 33, 39, 40; ii,
64, 74; worship of the sacred
bulls of, 91.

Memphis, Pyramid of Cheops at,
iii, 87.

Mencius (Meng-tse).-Chinese phi-
losopher (4th cent. B. C.), writ
ings of, i, 175.

Menes.

Saint.

Medici, Catharine de.-(1519-89.)
Wife of Henry II of France, vi,
327; viii, 85, 116, 120, 129.
Medici, Cosmo de. His interest in
and gifts to Galileo, vi, 446.
Medici, Lorenzo de'. — (1449-92.)

Florentine statesman and patron
of letters, vi, 147, 189; viii,
251.

Medicine and Surgery, xiv, 445.

See Virchow, Rudolf.
"Meditations" of Marcus Aurelius.
See the latter.

Mediterranean, The, viii, 236, 262,
263; x, 153, 222.

First dynasty of Egyptian Kings,
i, 31.
Mentchikof, Prince.-(1672-1729.)

Russian statesman and soldier,
viii, 348, 353, 363; x, 165, 171,
172, 188.

Menu (or Manu), Laws of, code of
the traditional lawgiver of the
Hindus, i, 57, 69; written in
Brahmanic age, 76; Hindu pan-
theism in, 77, 78-80.
Mephibosheth.-Son of Jonathan,
ii, 175.
Mephistopheles,

character in
Goethe's "Faust,” xiii, 432, 433,
434, 435.

For location of Volumes in Books,