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bayonets and swept down the hill-side like a whirlwind, but before they reached the base the whole rebel force broke and fled with precipitancy, managing to fire the bridge. Capt. Loomis then placed his battery in position to receive the remainder of the force stationed on the railroad. They debouched into an open field, formed their line of battle and came up within three hundred yards of our forces before they discovered their mistake, and then that terrible battery informed them. A terrific fire of canister was poured into them and created another panic. Cavalry and infantry threw down their arms and fled like sheep. Thus the battle of Bridgeport was won, and General Mitchell reported as follows to the Secretary of War: "The campaign is ended, and I now occupy Huntsville in perfect security, while all of Alabama north of the Tennessee River floats no flag but that of the Union."

As an appendix to his campaign, there were many minor expeditions of interest. Gen. Mitchell advanced towards Chattanooga which caused a retreat of the rebels in East Tennessee-a step rendered necessary, as the loss of the single line of railroad running from Chattanooga to Atlanta would compel evacuation above, as in the case of Bowling Green. During May and June, several expeditions were sent out under Gen. Negley against guerrillas and roving bands of cavalry, the results of which may be summed up as follows:

On the 13th of May, Gen. Negley's expedition from Pulaski, supported by Gen. Lytle's expedition from Athens, entered Rogersville, Ala., driving the enemy across the Tennessee and destroying a portion of their ferry boats. On the 29th of May, he again started from Columbia, Tenn., for the purpose of making an expedition into East Tennessee with the intention of threatening Chattanooga and dispersing rebel cavalry. He reached Fayetteville on the 31st, where Gen. Turchin's forces joined the expedition, and thence resumed his march to Salem, which he reached on the following day. The next day he arrived at Winchester. Passing through Winchester, he encamped at Cowan, on the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad, on a stream called the Burning Fork, a tributary of the Tennessee River, the bridge over which had been burned. The stream was easily forded, however, on the 4th, and the army crossed the Cumberland Mountains, arriving at Jasper, Marion County.

Passing through Jasper, Gen. Negley encamped at the foot of the Waldron Ridge, a spur of the Cumberland Mountains.

The following morning he commenced crossing and first obtained a glimpse of the enemy. At the foot of the mountains the pickets of the rebel General Adams' brigade of cavalry were encountered. After a brisk firing the rebel pickets fell back, and the main body came forward preparatory to a charge. General Negley opened upon them with shell. At the very first fire they fell back in confusion and were hotly pursued by our cavalry under Lieut. Wharton. The enemy were driven two miles before they were reached, but our cavalry at last succeeded in overtaking them, and charged upon them with the saber, killing many and taking many prisoners. The rebels, in their headlong flight, threw away every thing that could impede them, and the woods and roads were strewn for miles with sabers, pistols, haversacks and rations. Gen. Adams, commanding the rebels, lost his hat, horse and sword. His brother was killed. Many of the fugitives did not stop short of Chattanooga, a distance of thirty miles. After pursuing them three miles, the Union forces returned to the foot of the mountains and camped for the night upon a plateau called Sweden's Cove.

On the next day General Negley proceeded towards Chattanooga. He arrived opposite the place on June 7th, and on the afternoon of that day proceeded to reconnoiter. He ascertained that there was a large force on the north side of the river, which had crossed to attack the 19th. This regiment had performed a characteristic feat by discovering a shorter path across the mountains than that pursued by the main body, and had, consequently, by striking out for themselves, got to Chattanooga first. The 19th and 24th Illinois were deployed as skirmishers to feel the enemy, and went down the hill as coolly as if on dress parade. The enemy, although in strong force, did not wait to feel the touch of the 19th, but immediately recrossed the river. General Negley at once placed his artillery in a position commanding the town. About 5 o'clock P. M., a brisk fire was kept up between the enemy's riflemen and the 19th and 24th, still acting as skirmishers. General Negley ordered his batteries to open and a fierce cannonading ensued, kept up for two hours, during which time all the enemy's guns were silenced, three of them hav

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ing been dismantled. The shelling was continued for two or three days, but the place finally had to be abandoned, owing to the difficulty experienced by General Negley in procuring supplies.

On the advance of General Buell, this division, under General Mitchell, was placed under General Rousseau, and General Mitchell was ordered to report at Port Royal, S. C.

A brief sketch of the life and character of one who was so "large a part" of this campaign, whose military genius pervaded all its movements, and whose energy gave to it its success, will fittingly close our narrative.

John Basil Turchin was born in the valley of the Don, Russia, Jan. 18, 1822. At the age of fourteen he attended the military school at St. Petersburg, where he obtained the rudiments of his military education. After his graduation, he received a Lieutenant's commission in the Russian army. His precocious military talent rapidly gained him promotion, and he was soon elevated to the rank of Captain on the general staff, when he again entered the military academy and remained there three years, finishing the theoretical parts of his education. At the outbreak of the Crimean war he received an appointment on the staff of the Crown Prince-the present Emperor of Russia-corresponding in our service to the first assistant adjutant general to a commander of division. The plan adopted for the defenses of the coast of Finland was prepared by him, and to him was entrusted the superintendence of their construction. They are probably among the most elaborate and scientific specimens of military engineering in Europe.

Having imbibed democratic ideas at an early age, he came to the United States in 1856, and was employed in the engineering department of the Illinois Central Railroad, a corporation, by the way, which has furnished four prominent generals to the service in the present war-Banks, Burnside, Turchin and McClellan. When the war broke out for the defense of those same democratic ideas which had led him to abandon his fatherland, he entered heartily into the movement, and in July, 1861, was appointed Colonel of the 19th Illinois, one of the best drilled, most marched, heaviest battlescarred, and worst abused regiments that ever sustained the honor of Illinois in the field. During its stay in camp in Chicago, it became

celebrated for its excellence of drill and esprit du corps. General Turchin gave to it his constant personal attention and inspection, and was ever vigilant and unwearied to make it a model regiment. He led it through many hard, wearisome marches and severe battles, that told fearfully upon its numbers, but which made its name the synonym of success, and finally, when court-martialed upon the charges of inferior officers, returned to his home, accompanied by his faithful and gallant lady, who had shared his dangers and privations upon the march and in the field, to be welcomed with princely ovations. While the court martial was pending, he received the commission of a brigadier-general from the President, which was a signal answer to the charges against him.

General Turchin is a man of medium stature and strong frame, slightly inclined to corpulence, with a massive, well formed head, and a face full of intelligence. His countenance is very expressive and genial, and betokens the union of a rare and delicate humor, with great inflexibility of will and decision of purpose. He is impulsive, full of energy, thinks and acts quickly, and is rarely placed in that position where he cannot muster resources to meet its emergencies. In succeeding chapters we shall see more of this General, and find that a lion-like courage was another attribute of his nature.

CHAPTER XVIII.

GEN. BUELL'S CAMPAIGN-CAPTURE OF THE UNION GARRISON AT MUNFORDSVILLE-THE BATTLE OF BOLIVAR, TENN-SPLENDID CHARGE OF THE SECOND ILLINOIS CAVALRYDEATH OF THE GALLANT HERO, LIEUT.-COL. HOGG-THE LAST WORDS OF A Brave MAN-"FOR GOD'S SAKE, DON'T ORDER ME BACK"-THE BATTLE OF PERRYVILLEHOW ILLINOIS WAS REPRESENTED-MAGNIFICENT CHARGE OF COL. CARLIN'S BRIGADE THE HEROES OF PEA RIDGE IN THEIR GLORY-THE ILLINOIS REGIMENTS ENGAGED CLOSING SCENES OF THE CAMPAIGN-BUELL SUPERseded.

WE

E have stated in a previous chapter that General Buell left Corinth with the main body of his army about the 10th of June 1862, for the purpose of counteracting the movement of General Bragg upon Chattanooga. Bragg's army was composed of three corps under Maj.-Gens. Hardee, Polk and E. Kirby Smith. The division of Gen. Smith was at Knoxville, where it remained while Chattanooga was occupied by Hardee and Polk. Smith, moving from Knoxville, effected the design of getting into the rear of the Union General G. W. Morgan, at Cumberland Gap, and thence advanced into Kentucky. On the 21st of August, Bragg crossed the Tennessee, and turning General Buell's left, reached Dunlap on the 27th. Thence he moved up the Sequatchie Valley and reached Pikeville on the 30th. On the same day he threw a large force forward to McMinnville, seventy-five miles southeast of Nashville. This force, consisting of cavalry, was driven out however after a severe contest and joined the main army again, which, on the 5th of September, entered Kentucky and moved on towards Bowling Green. On the 13th of September an advance of this force appeared before Munfordsville and captured the place and garrison, composed of five Indiana regiments, a company of cavalry, a part of the 4th Ohio infantry, and a section of an Indiana battery, the whole under