phanus also mentions Ιαων, and Iνων : εκ δε τε Ιαων,

Iav. From the above it is
Iaones were meant all the

very plain, that by the antient inhabitants of

Greece; all that were the offspring of Ian, or Javan. But the Iones and Ionia related only to a part. 33 Ιωνες Αθηναιοι· οι Ιωνες, απο Ιωνος. Ενιοι και της Θράκας, και Αχαιες, και Βοιωτες, Έλληνας. The term Iones came from Ion; who was the reputed son of Xuth, as I have before shewn and it was a name appropriated to some few of the Grecian families; and not uniformly bestowed upon all, though by some it was so used. The Iaones, or sons of Javan, were the first, who peopled the country, and for a while a distinct race. But when the Ionians afterwards joined them, and their families were mixed; we must not wonder if their names were confounded. They were however never so totally incorporated, but what some separate remains of the original stock were here and there to be perceived: and 34 Strabo says, that this was to be observed even in the age when he lived.

There are some remarkable truths, which have been gleaned up by Joannes Antiochenus: and we shall find them to be worth our notice; as they relate to the origin of those people, who brought

* Hesych.

34 Και της εν τω παξοντι Ελλαδος αναντίλεκτως έσης της πολλην δι ·Bapbagoi exeo. Strabo. 1. 7. p. 495.

idolatry into Greece. It was, he says, introduced

35

απο τινος Έλληνος ονοματι, ύτε και αυτε Πηκε Διος, μυςικα τινα ποιέντος ανδρος, των εν Ελλαδι κατοικησαντων, εκ της φυλής οντος τε Ιαφεθ, ύις Νωε τα τριτε. He has in some degree confounded the history, in making the chief ancestor of the Grecians of the line of Japhet. The name, which misled him, and many others, was Αίπυτος, and Ιαπετος : of which I have taken notice before. It was a title given to the heads of all families, who from hence were styled Iapeti genus. But writers have not uniformly appropriated this appellation but have sometimes bestowed it upon other personages; such however as had no relation to the line of Japhet. It may be difficult to determine, whom they most particularly meant: but thus much we are informed ; 3 Ιαπετος, εις των Τιτάνων. Iapetus was one of the Titanic race. 37 Ιαπετος αρχαίος ην, εις των Γιγάντων. He was a person of great antiquity, and of the Giant brood. Hence by the Iapetidæ, the sons of Ham and Chus are undoubtedly alluded to: and the Grecians were manifestly of the same race. The author above proceeds afterwards more plainly to shew, who were the persons, that led these colonies into Greece: and propagated there the

36

35 P. 66.

16 Schol. in Hom. Iliad. . v. 479. Iameros agxnyos. Hesych. 37 Lexicon inedit. apud Albert. in Hesych.

various species of irreligion. 38 Ιωνες δε οι εκ της Ιω (the term Ives could not be formed from Iw: it should here, and in all places, be expressed ɛx îns ΙΩΝΑΣ) τέτων αρχηγοί εγενοντο ησαν γαρ διδαχθεντες εκ τε ΙΩΑΝΕΩΣ γιγαντος τε οικοδομησαντος συν τοις άλλοις τον Πύργον, ών τινων και γλώσσαι διεμερίσθησαν. The Iones, so denominated from Iöna, were the leaders of those colonies: they had been instructed by Töannes one of the Giant race; the same person, who with his associates built the tower, and who, together with them, was punished by a confusion of speech.

It may be here proper to observe, in respect to the history of the Ark and Deluge, as well as of the Tower abovementioned, that we are not so much to consider, to whom these circumstances could perhaps in general relate; as who they were, that chose to be distinguished by these memorials; and most industriously preserved them. They were the offspring of one common father: and all might equally have carried up their line of descent to the same source; and their history to the same period. But one family more than all the rest of the Gentile world retained the memory of these events. They built edifices, in order to commemorate the great occurrences of antient days: and they instituted rites, to maintain a veneration for the means, by

38 Joan. Antioch. p. 66.

which their ancestors had been preserved. Nothing material was omitted: and when they branched out, and retired to different climes, they took to themselves names and devices, which they borrowed from the circumstances of this wonderful history. Hence, when we meet with Iones, Ionitæ, Argei, Arcades, Inachidæ, Semarim, Boeoti, Thebani, and the like; we may be certified of their particular race: and in the accounts transmitted concerning them, there will be found a continual series of evidence, to determine us in our judgment.

The Grecians were, among other titles, styled Hellenes, being the reputed descendents of Hellen. The name of this personage is of great antiquity; and the etymology foreign. To whom the Greeks alluded, may be found from the histories, which they have transmitted concerning him. 39 Γινονται δε εκ Πύρρας Δευκαλίωνι παίδες· Ἑλλην μεν πρωτος, ὃν εκ Διος γεγενησθαι λεγεσι,θυγατηρ δε Πρωτογένεια. Deucalion had children by his wife Pyrrha; the eldest of whom was Hellen, whom some make the son of Zeuth: he had also a daughter Protogeneia; by which is signified the first-born of women. By 4 others he was supposed to have been the son of Prometheus, but by the same mother. In these

40

39 Apollodor. 1. 1. p. 20.

40 Προμηθέως και Πυῤῥας Ελλην Schol. in Apollon. Rhod. I. 3. v. 1085.

VOL. V.

accounts there is no inconsistency; for I have shewn, that Deucalion, Prometheus, Xuth, and Zeuth were the same person. The histories are therefore of the same amount; and relate to the head of the Amonian family, who was one of the sons of the person called Deucalion. He is made coæval with the Deluge; and represented as the brother to the first-born of mankind: by which is meant the first-born from that great event: for the Deluge was always the ultimate, to which they referred. The Hellenes were the same as the Iönim, or 4 Ives: whence Hesychius very properly mentions Ιωνάς, Έλληνας. The Ionians and Hellenes are the same family. The same is to be said of the Æolians, and Dorians: they were all from one source, being descended from the same Arkite ancestors, the Iönim of Babylonia and Syria; as the Phoenician women in Euripides acknowledge:

42 Κοινον αίμα, κοινα τεκεα

Τας κερασφόρες πεφυκεν Ιες.

The term Hellen was originally a sacred title and seems to have been confined to those priests, who

4 They were equally descended from Ion, the son of Zeuth, called also Xuth: απο Ιωνος τε Ξεθε φυντες.

Geogr. Vet. vol. 2. p. 42 Phæniss. v. 256.

λιώνος μεν Έλληνα είναι.

21.

Iuvia-αTо IWvos тY E202.
Strabo. 1. 8. p. 587.

Dicæarch. ap.

Φασι δε Δευκα