this subject in Hamburg which he had not studied through. He says of himself:-" Originally I occupied myself more with written than with mental calculation, and I am therefore justified in asserting that, though my calculating capacity may be innate, it has been developed by undeviating industry. My mind never becomes fatigued by calculations. I may continue them for the whole day and am as fresh to begin again in the evening." From his early childhood Dase suffered from a spasmodic affection of the stomach, and epileptic attacks. Speaking of his moral character, he says:-"I am not passionate nor sensual; I am indifferent to the fair sex; I avoid spirituous liquors; I am good natured, tolerant, companionable, a man of peace, and make no distinction in my intercourse with my fellow beings, whether they be of high rank or not; I am fond of children, and am rather economical." With regard to his mental faculties, he complains that he could make no great progress in mathematics, that he had no memory for form and space. Nor did he make much progress in the highest branches of arithmetic, his great skill being limited to the extraction of roots, the calculation of factors and logarithms. He could give no exact account of the process by which he arrived at his results; but he seems to proceed in his mental calculations as if he were performing them on paper or a slate. In multiplying, all the numbers are plainly visible to him; he multiplies the multiplicands successively with the multiplicator, placing the sums mentally beneath each other. He further states that besides this capacity for number, he possesses order and locality in an eminent degree, so that in large towns he soon finds his way. He complains of possessing neither the faculty of ambition nor wit, but, on the other hand, much patience. Man and the Gorilla.-As the work by Professor OWEN (Catalogue of the Osteological Collection in the College of Surgeons. 4to. Lond. 1853) may not be accessible to all our readers, we make no excuse for reprinting the following excerpt, in the present state of our knowledge of the subject : "The chief differences which the cranium and teeth of the Tr. gorilla present, as compared with those parts of the human structure, may be summed up as follows:-1. The smaller proportionate size of the cranium; 2. The more backward position of the foramen magnum, and its more oblique plane in relation to the base of the skull, 3. The smaller relative size, and more backward position of the occipital condyles; 4. The longer basioccipital, and broader, flatter, and lower superoccipital; 5. The longer basisphenoid, and shorter alisphenoids; 6. The smaller size of the coalesced parietals; and their separation from the alisphenoids; 7. The conversion of a greater part of the outer surface of the parietals into concavities or depressions for the lodgment of the temporal muscles, by reason of the bony crest developed from the line of the obliterated sagittal suture and of the lambdoidal crest; 8. The larger proportion of this crest and of the squamosal plate developed from the mastoid, and the smaller size of the proper mastoid process; 9. The smaller size of the vaginal and styliform processses, and the absence of the styloid process, arising from the non-anchylosis of the stylohyal bone; 10. The larger post glenoid process and the longer auditory process (tympanic bone,) with their relative position, one behind, but not below the other; 11. The position of the stronger zygomata opposite the middle third of the basis cranii; 12. The prominent superorbital ridge; 13. The longer nasal bones, anchylosed together, and flattened at their lower half; 14. The greater proportional size, and greater prominence of the upper and lower jaws; 15. The longer osseous palate, and the median emargination of its posterior border; 16. The parallelism of the alveoli of the molars and canine of one side with those of the other; 17. The diastema or vacant place in front of the socket of the canine in the upper jaw, and behind that socket in the lower jaw; 18. The large and more produced premaxillaries; the persistence of more or less of their sutures, showing the intervention of their upper extremities between the nasal and maxillary bones; 19. The minor extent of the connexion of the lacrymal with the "pars plana" of the æthmoid, or their separation by the junction of the orbital plate of the maxillary with that of the frontal behind the lacrymal; 20. The greater depth of the rhinencephalic fossa, and the absence or rudimental state of the crista galli; 21. The squamosal, lambdoidal, alisphenoidal, and pterygoid air-cells; 22. The more prominent cusps of the molar teeth; 23. The larger relative size, and more complex grinding surface, of the last molar tooth in both jaws : 24. The larger relative size of the premolars, especially of the first; 25. The more complex implantation of the premolars by three roots, two external, and one internal; 26. The much larger and longer canines; 27. The sexual distinction in the development of these teeth; 28. The more sloping position of the crowns of the incisors; 29. The broader and higher ascending ramus of the lower jaw; 30. The total absence of the prominence of the symphysis forming the chin." Extracts from "Zeitschrift für Völkerpsychologie", by Drs. Lazarus and Steinthal. Berlin, 1859. (Journal for National Psychology.)-Introduction. . . . . . Anthropological-physiological and climatal conditions, however much they may contribute towards the explanation of a national character, can never sufficiently explain the psychical state of a nation. . . . Ethnology, as it has been hitherto treated, may be termed a chapter of zoology, for its object is, properly speaking, man considered as an animal, a natural product, independent of his mental development, merely according to his physical structure and his diversities as they are found conditioned by soil and climate. There are also taken into consideration the descent and relations of nations, their intermixture and migrations. But man is by nature more than an animal. Man is a spiritual animal, with innate mental dispositions, inclinations, feelings, independent of his spiritual development in history. Man must also be considered in this aspect. Ethnology would, thus treated, not actually abandon zoology; we would only add psychical ethnology to physical ethnology. Its object is to fathom the specific mental activity of the various minds, in as far as they form the psychical nature of nations.... Franklin's definition, "Man is a tool-making animal," is, both theoretically and practically, important. New forces are imparted beyond those given by nature, whilst animals are confined to them. And the instrument and its products re-act on the mind, stimulating its inventive powers. Not less important is it that man can invent spiritual instruments. Rules, laws, and schemes are formed to arrange the perceptions. . . . ... The metaphysical dispute, whether the history of the human species commences with a gradual progress or decay, does not concern us. Science cannot take into account the mythical suppositions of a destroyed antediluvian civilization; it must attempt to elucidate the development of humanity from historical facts, and the mental condition of mankind as it manifests itself at present. To the Editor of the "Anthropological Review."-Sir,-At page 186 in the report of the discussion before the Anthropological Society* it is stated, that Mr. Bollaert mentioned a case of a number of Negroes being kidnapped and carried to Easter Island, where they rapidly died out of dysentery and measles. What I said was, that a number of the aboriginal (say Polynesian) inhabitants of Easter Island (between 75° 5' and 75° 12′ south latitude, and between 109° and 110° west longitude) had been kidnapped and taken to Peru, with the intention of making labourers of them. They could, or they would not, be taught to work. The Indian generally is not a working individual, and, consequent on the change of climate and food, many had died of dysentery and measles. I may add, that kidnapping of natives from some of the Polynesian islands had been perpetrated, and they had been taken to Peru as labourers. However, the native and French authorities in those seas put a stop at once to this nefarious proceeding, as did also the Peru- ! vian government. At page 191 of same report the following may be added to my observations relative to Jewish blood in New Granada :-Not long after the discovery of America, some two hundred Jewish families having had Romanism thrust upon them in Spain, emigrated to Antioquia, in the interior of New Granada. Here Spaniards, Israelites, and Criollos! mixed freely, producing, according to Samper, a New Granadian writer, "the most beautiful and energetic Mestizo-European race known in Spanish America. At present the state of Antioquia contains more than 300,000 inhabitants: of these 250,000 correspond to this mixed race, in which figures the Jewish element." London, May 2, 1863. W. BOLLAERT. We insert Mr. Bollaert's note, but take the opportunity of observing that we do not hold ourselves in any way responsible for the contents of the Journal of the Society, just as the Anthropological Society is in no way responsible for the contents of the Review. ED. INDEX TO VOLUME I. Abbeville jaw, Tylor on, 166 Falconer on, 177 Ameins, human cranium from, 392 Anatomical method, the, 263 Blake, C. Carter, on the syndactylous Bollaert, W., on Indian tribes of Loreto, Broca, Paul, letter from, 191; history Lyell on the (rev.), 129 | Brooke, Rev. J., 434 Burke, L., 183, 184, 185, 191 Anthropology, introductory address on (rev.), 465 at the British Associa- Waitz's introduction to Anthropology in the Nursery (rev), 489 Austen, R. A. C. Godwin, 392 Avery, J. G., 184 Baker, Col. 412 Balfour, Professor, 457, 460 Beddoe, Dr. John, on the supposed in- Bischoff, Dr. Theodor, difference be- Blake, C. Carter, on man and beast (An- | (rev.), 145 Prairie Traveller Busk, Prof. George, on the skeleton from Camps, Dr., on troops in India, 410 Celtic languages in reference to the Ceylon, ethnology of, 444 Charnock, R. S., science of language, Chimpanzee, on the anatomy of, 394 Cleland, Dr. John, on ligamentous Crawfurd, John, origin of Gypsies, 445 | Huxley's man's place in nature, (rev.), Celtic languages in re- ference to the question of race, 447 mind, 227 cephaly, 168 Gorilla, limbs of, 149 Mackie, S. J., 184, 187 Malay Archipelago, man in, 441 Hall, the Rev. G. R., on aborigines of Man and brutes, 54 Northumberland, 415 Hancock, Dr., 412 Hincks, Rev. Dr., 433, 445 Hunt, Dr., introductory address on the 185, 186, 187, 191, 385, 390, 410, 443, 458 on anthropological classifica- tion, 382 Man, antiquity of, notes on, 6 |