3. That he should make before the Archbishop the same confession of Faith, which he sent to him from Goa, when he made him Governor of the diocese, after the death of Mar Abraham.

4. That he should deliver up all the Syriac books of the diocese, whether his own property or left by former Bishops, in order that such as require correction may be revised, and the rest burned.

5. That he should promise and swear obedience to the Pope, the successor of St. Peter, the Vicar of Jesus Christ upon earth, the supreme Head of the Church, the Father, the Master, the Doctor and the Prelate of all Christians, of all Bishops, Archbishops, Primates and Patriarchs in the world; that he should confess that all men owed him obedience, and that such as refuse are excluded from eternal salvation.

6. That he should anathematize the Patriarch of Babylon, as a Nestorian Heretic, a Schismatic, separated from the obedience of the holy Roman Church; that he should swear not to obey him in any thing, to have no intercourse or communion with him, not to receive his letters or to answer them.

7. That in like manner he should swear never to receive any Bishop or other Prelate into the diocese, that was not sent by the Roman Pontiff, and recognized by the Archbishop of Goa, and that all such he would obey as his true Pastors.

8. That he should acknowledge the Archbishop Menezes as his Bishop, delegated by the Apostolic See; that he would in all things be subject to his orders as long as the diocese should be without a Bishop of its own.

9. That he should dispatch letters to convene a Synod of the diocese in a place which should appear most suitable to the Archbishop, to discuss matters of Faith; that all the Priests and all persons chosen by the different churches should attend, and that the Archdeacon should swear to consent to whatever should be there determined.

10. That he should accompany the Archbishop wherever he went, and that peaceably, and without other armed attendants than his own domestics, that he should embark with him and attend him in all his visits to the Churches.

The Archbishop sent these Articles by a Catanar; but to assure himself of the fidelity of the messenger, he exacted from him subscription to the profession of faith and a vow of obedience to the

See of Rome. He made him swear also that if the Archdeacon did not sign the Articles within twenty days he would abandon him.

After all his precautions however he was still apprehensive that the King of Cochin would oppose these designs upon his Christian subjects. He determined therefore to go to Cochin and by means of the Governor to gain the concurrence of that Prince to all his measures. The King himself waited on the Archbishop, and promised all that was required of him. Menezes, delighted with this assurance, went immediately to Cranganore to prepare, in consultation with the Jesuits, the Decrees of the approaching Synod.

While he was thus engaged, the King of Cochin visited him there, and was met by a fierce and angry remonstrance. The Prelate complained loudly of the treatment he had received in his territory, and threatened him with the displeasure of his Sovereign. But his chief subject of complaint was that the king defended the Archdeacon in his rebellion, and with most angry violence and intemperate abuse of his religion, he expressed his wonder that an Idolater should presume to favour the Patriarch of Babylon against the Pope, being utterly ignorant of the difference between them. Throughout the whole of this strange and disgraceful scene the Heathen Prince (even according to the account of the Portuguese historian) appears to infinitely greater advantage than the Christian Prelate. His temper appears to have been unruffled, and he was silent on the subject of his religion. He left the Archbishop with an assurance of friendship and protection, which in his subsequent conduct he does not seem to have violated.

Accordingly he wrote immediately to the Archdeacon, desiring him to submit himself to the Archbishop, and wrote also to the King of Mangate to enforce his obedience. Upon the receipt of this letter the unfortunate victim of this protracted persecution, finding no alternative but instant and unconditional surrender, wrote to the Archbishop that he was ready to obey all his commands. He begged only that he might wait upon him at some other place than Cranganore, which being a Portuguese fortress, alarmed his fears of a prison at Goa. Menezes yielded to his request and appointed the Jesuits' college at Vaipicotta. Their meeting was in the Church, and the Archdeacon throwing himself at the feet of the Prelate, adopted the words of the returning prodigal and implored forgiveness. Menezes, in raptures at this happy termination of his

labours, raised him with every demonstration of kindness, congratulated him on his reconciliation with the Catholic Church, assuring him of the final reward reserved for those who bring many souls to the purity of the faith. He concluded by urging his immediate and public signature of the Articles. The Archdeacon entreated that he might sign them in private, representing the probable disaffection which the other mode might excite among the people whom he was desirous to bring over. The force of this argument was instantly admitted, and the oath and subscription to the profession of faith and the ten Articles were made before the Jesuit Francisco Roz, who had been the very soul of Menezes' counsels in the whole transaction.

Nothing now remained but to arrange the preliminaries of the Synod. It was proposed that it should be held at Angamale, the Metropolitan Church of the diocese, but the Archbishop had strong reasons for objecting to this. Angamale was not within the territories of Cochin, and the inhabitants were strongly attached to their old religion. It was finally determined that it should assemble at Diamper, a short distance only from Cochin, on the 20th of June, 1599, the second Sunday after Trinity; and accordingly both the Archbishop and Archdeacon issued letters, commanding the attendance of all priests and four laymen from every town at the time and place appointed.

The Archbishop on his return to Cranganore composed, and wrote with his own hand, the decrees of the Synod, which were immediately translated from Portuguese into Malayalim. He had taken good care to engage the assistance of the neighbouring chiefs; and in order to secure the great object—the majority of votes in the Synod-he ordained no less than fifty Priests in the Church of Paru on Trinity Sunday. These, together with the thirty eight ordained at Diamper a little time before, and others at Carturte, probably amounted to at least two thirds of the whole number present at the Synod, which did not exceed one hundred and fifty three. Many also of the lay delegates he conciliated by considerable presents, some of great value.

On the 9th of June he arrived at Diamper accompanied by six Jesuits and his Chaplain, and appointed a Committee of eight Catanars and four laymen, who examined and approved the decrees which he had prepared. On the 20th of June the Synod was opened with great solemnity, the Clergy of Cochin, with their Choir, the Governor and his Officers being present on the occasion.

The history and acts of the Synod will form the subject of another paper.

IV. Climate of Seringapatam. Latitude 12°45' N. Long. 76°51' E, (Extracted from the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal.)

Being desirous of including within the pages of the Journal all the data necessary for a meteorologist, to judge of the contingencies of pressure and temperature on the whole continent of India, we extract the following results of a meteorological journal, kept for two years at Seringapatam, from Brewster's Edinburgh Journal of Science, No. 5.

The original registers were kept by Mr. SCARMAN in 1814 and 1816. They were abstracted and reduced to order by Mr. J.

FOGGO, Junior.

The mean temperature of the whole year is by observation 77.06° The mean at sunrise is 63.17: at 3 P. M. 90°.95:-of the day, 84o, of the night, 70.11. The average daily range of temperature 270.7. The curve of mean temperature has two convex summits, in May and October, corresponding with the sun's passage twice over the latitude of the place. The highest temperature is 115o, and the lowest, 48°.

The mean temperature of the river Caveri, observed every day at 6 A. M. and 6 P. M. is 77.2 agreeing exactly with that of the air. The average height of the barometer is 27.568, whence the elevation of Seringapatam may be calculated to be 2412 feet above the sea, assuming the sea level, 29.88, and the temperature of the intercepted column of air, 78°.

The average diurnal tide between the hour of 10 A. M. and 4 P. M. is 0.074 inch. During the prevalence of the south-west monsoon, the extent of the variation is diminished. The monthly variation also proceeds with great regularity, the whole range being 0.262. For the last three months of 1816, the register was extended to the hour of 8 P. M. and the average height of the barometer at that hour is 0.006 lower than at 4 A. M.

The prevailing winds are the north-east and south-west, or the general monsoons of the Indian Ocean. The south-west sets in during the month of April. When it commences, its reciprocation with the north-east wind interrupts the serenity of the weather; and during its continuance, thunder storms occur almost every day, with heat-lightning at night. This is the rainy season, but the monsoon having deposited its superabundant moisture upon the ghats, very little rain falls at Seringapatam. During the north-east

monsoon, which begins about the end of October, the weather is settled and fine, with heavy dews before sunrise.

V.-Experiments on the Preservation of Sheet Iron from Rust in India. By James Princep, Sec. &c. (Extracted from the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal) The proposed extensive employment of iron steam boats for the navigation of the Ganges, rendered it a desideratum to ascertain