СНАР.

LXXII. The figure of the Cross is almost universally

employed.

LXXIII. The demons also, after the ascension of Christ, raised up men, such as Simon, and Menander, before mentioned, in c. 34...

LXXIV. The malice of these evil spirits can, however, only instigate the enemies of the Christians to destroy them...

PAGE

257

258

259

LXXV. They raised up Marcion to deceive men LXXVI. LXXVII. Plato obtained his notions respecting the creation of the world, and other opinions, from the writings of Moses.....

260

261

LXXVIII. It is not, then, that the Christians adopt the opinions of others, but others, theirs...

263

LXXIX. Justin explains the manner in which believers are baptized.....

264

LXXX. Shews that this new birth is necessary; and that baptism is performed in the name of God. the Father, and of Jesus Christ, and of the Holy Spirit.....

LXXXI. Justin then digresses to shew that the evil

265

spirits imitated the practice of baptism; as they
caused the action of Moses, who put off his
shoes at the burning bush, to be imitated .....

266

LXXXII. He declares that it was the Son of God, who appeared to Moses in the bush.....

267

268

LXXXIII. And to the prophets in various forms.
LXXXIV. And asserts that the demons imitated what
they learned from the writings of Moses, in
several instances..

LXXXV. Justin then returns to describe the administra-
tion of the Eucharist to those who had been
baptized...

LXXXVI. He explains the nature of that sacrament; that the elements are not common bread nor common drink; and relates the manner of its institution...

270

271

273

CHAP.

LXXXVII. The Christians assemble on Sunday. An account of the manner of public worship in the primitive Church

LXXXVIII. The collection of alms

LXXXIX. The reason of assembling on Sunday..........

XC.

Justin concludes with desiring that the Christ-
ians may not be condemned unheard; but ex-
presses their resignation to the will of God;
and subjoins the Epistle of Adrian in their
favour

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275

276

277

THE Epistle of Antoninus Pius to the Common
Assembly of Asia......

THE APOLOGY OF TERTULLIAN.

I. THE Christians, under Severus, not being per-
mitted to speak in their own defence, Tertullian
addresses this written Apology to the Governors
of Proconsular Africa. He shews that their
religion, founded on truth, requires no favour
but demands justice....

278

280

The hatred which her enemies entertain towards
her is manifestly unjust...

282

284

286

287

All Christians glory in their faith....

Christians, even if guilty, ought to be treated
in the same manner as other criminals........
The edict of Trajan was self-contradictory....
Other criminals are tortured to make them
confess; Christians, to make them deny.......
The name alone of Christian, not the fact of
professing Christianity, is made a crime.......
The enemies of Christianity bear unwilling tes-
timony to its excellence.....

Yet permit their hatred to prevail over the
benefit which they derive from Christianity....
The name of Christian is harmless, both in its
own signification, and as it relates to its author

288

291

293

294

295

CHAP.

III.

IV.

And is therefore no reasonable ground of accu-
sation....

Tertullian prepares to answer the charges
against Christianity...

PAGE

296

297

But first shews that, even if laws exist against
the Christians, they may be repealed, as many
laws have been..

298

And that laws, which would punish a name,
not a crime, are foolish as well as unjust..

V.

The gods of the Romans could not be conse-
crated without the consent of the Senate.....
Tiberius is said to have proposed to introduce
Jesus Christ among the Roman gods...........................
The bad emperors were persecutors, the good,
protectors, of the Christians....

302

303

305

VI.

The Romans had abrogated many laws of their
ancestors; and greatly degenerated from their
severity of life...

309

VII.

Tertullian refers to many calumnies brought
against the Christians....

$13

And demands that they may be investigated...
Common fame is their only accuser...........

These accusations are in themselves incredible
Heathen nations themselves practised the atro-
cities of which they accused the Christians.....
As human sacrifices..

The tasting of blood..

And the crime of incest

From all which Christians are free...

X.

Christians are accused of neither worshipping

the gods nor sacrificing to the safety of the
Emperors..

322

323

324

327

328

329

They do this, knowing them to be no gods....
Thus, Saturn was the oldest of the heathen
deities, and yet was a man....

Those persons, who were once men, were
never made gods...

333

СНАР.
XI.

XII.

XIII.

XIV.

XV.

XVI.

This supposition would imply the existence of
a Supreme Deity, who would have no need of
dead men ; and would certainly not have chosen
such men for their virtues.....

The absurdity of idol-worship..

They who conceive these false gods to be ob
jects of worship, do themselves neglect and
insult them.....

Their sacrifices are disgraceful; and their my-
thological history derogatory to the dignity of
their gods...

Their gods were made the subject of ridicule
in their fables and dramas....

Their temples were constantly desecrated...............
Calumnies founded upon the alleged objects
of Christian worship..

They are falsely accused of adoring

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333

338

341

245

348

350

XVII.

The object of the Christian worship is One
God, the Creator of all things.....

358

XX.

To whom the soul of man naturally bears
witness.......

XVIII. God hath revealed to us his written word... ..
The prophets taught of old.....

These Scriptures were translated from Hebrew
into Greek, by the command of Ptolemy......

XIX. These Scriptures are most ancient .......
Moses might be proved to have been antecedent
to all heathen writers, and philosophers.......
The authority of Scripture is proved by pro-
phecy.....

359

361

362

363

365

366

368

XXI.

The religion of the Christians must not be con-
founded with that of the Jews ....

Christians worship Christ not as a human being,
but as God......

371

Christ is God, and the Son of God.

372

CHAP.

XI.

PAGE

His procession from the Father compared with

that of light from the sun

Two comings of Christ are predicted .

373

374

The Jews ascribed his miracles to magic..
They put him to death ....

375

376

But he rose from the dead.....

And shewed himself to chosen witnesses.

377

XXII.

XXIII.

Pilate wrote an account to Tiberius..
This statement ought at once to repress all
false assertions respecting Christianity...
Tertullian declares his sentiments respecting
the existence and occupation of demons.....
And ascribes the ancient oracles to their agency

The demons and the heathen gods were the

same.

Tertullian offers to rest the truth of Christianity
on the power of any Christian publicly to ex-
pel a demon

378

380

383

385

386

Jesus Christ is the Virtue, Spirit, Word, Wis-
dom, Reason, and Son of God.

390

XXIV.

The acknowledgement of inferior gods implies
the existence of One superior.

392

This God is worshipped by the Christians:
and they claim the same right which is allowed
all others...

393

XXV.

The great prosperity of the Roman Empire
was not the reward of the devotion of the

Romans to their gods...

395

For the rise of their power preceded the greater
part of their worship.

398

And their conquests spared not the temples of
the gods themselves.....

399

401

XXVI. It is God, therefore, who rules the world...
XXVII. The Christians cannot be guilty of any offence
against gods, who have no existence.......
The persecution of the Christians is instigated
by the malice of demons.....

404

XXVIII. Compulsory worship could never be acceptable to the gods..

406