plying the place of the noun charity. It is the nominative to the verb must. Must is a verb, asserting something of the pronoun it. It is in the present tense and third person singular. First is an adverb of time, qualifying the verb fill. Fill is a verb in the infinitive, to being understood after must, in the same way as it was after will, in the former part of the sentence. A, a numeral adjective, or indefinite article, designating the noun pool. Pool, a noun, singular, neuter, and objective case, being the thing affected by the transitive verb fill. EXERCISE XVII. 1. In how many ways is the verb varied? For what purpose is it varied by number ?-By person? How many numbers are there?-Persons? Is the impression of number and person in the English verb very deep? Contrast the Latin or French verb with the English. What determines the person of the verb in a sentence? Might we have done without the distinction of person at all? Is there any thing analogous in the English adjective? What is the characteristic of the verb? What gives rise to the distinction of moods? Name them. How may the subjunctive be accounted for? What explanation may be given of the potential? What is implied by the imperative? What is the use of the infinitive? Has any verb a subjunctive form? How many simple tenses are there? Why is the future not reckoned? Show the difference between a Latin or French verb and an English one in this respect. Are grammarians agreed about the tenses? Give a brief account of Mr Latham's doctrine as to tenses. How many participles are there? Why do you prefer the names imperfect and perfect to present and past as applied to the participles? Why was the name participle applied to this part of the verb? Show that the English verb has no passive voice? Give an account of Dr Crombie's remarks on this subject? What is meant by conjugating a verb? How are verbs conjugated? What do you mean by an irregular verb? Conjugate the verbs to love, to write, to be, to do, and to have. 2. Conjugate the following verbs :-Run, walk, see, hear, hang, observe, try, speak, drink, talk, strive, freeze, conjure, induce, deplore, warn, choose, eat. 3. State the number, person, mood, and tense of the following verbs :-I go, he sees, we ran, they follow, we shall write, he had gone, I may visit you, he was engaged, you know, they might have D called when we were out, to err is human. Parse these sentences fully, paying particular attention to the verbs : When we pass from the earth to the sea, from land to water, we pass through a great change; but an adequate change accompanies us of animal forms and functions, of animal capacities and wants. The earth in its nature is very different from the sea, and the sea from the earth; but one accords with its inhabitants as exactly as the other; and the correspondency instituted by Divine Wisdom pervades and harmonizes the whole.—Paley. His character has been transmitted to us by many writers, who were his contemporaries; and it resembles extremely, in its most remarkable strokes, that of his maternal grandfather, Henry I.; excepting only that ambition, which was a ruling passion in both, found not in the first Henry such unexceptionable means of exerting itself; and pushed that prince into measures which were both criminal in themselves, and were the cause of further crimes, from which his grandson's conduct was happily exempted.-Hume. Charles resolved to resign his kingdoms to his son with a solemnity suitable to the importance of the transaction, and to perform this last act of sovereignty with such formal pomp, as might leave an indelible impression on the minds, not only of his subjects, but of his successor.-Robertson. Oh! sir, the good die first; And they whose hearts are dry as summer dust Wordsworth. 4. Explain the use of all the tenses, and quote passages to illustrate it.-1. The Present, (a) Indefinite, (b) Emphatic, (c) Definite; 2. The Imperfect; 3. The Perfect, (a) Definite, (b) Indefinite, (c) Emphatic; 4. The Pluperfect; 5. The Future. Explain the use of shall and will. Quote Brightland's rule for their use. Give examples of their correct use. Of their incorrect use. 6. The Future Perfect Tense. 5. Go through the tenses of the subjunctive and potential moods in the same manner. 6. How are adverbs varied? Why are they varied? What rules do they follow? ADDITIONAL EXERCISES IN PARSING. PERSEVERANCE.-Man, amidst the fluctuations of his own feelings and of passing events, ought to resemble the ship, which currents may carry and winds may impel from her course, but which, amidst every deviation, still presses onward to her port with unremitted perseverance. In the coolness of reflection, he ought to survey his affairs with a dispassionate and comprehensive eye, and having fixed on his plan, take the necessary steps to accomplish it, regardless of the temporary mutations of his mind, the monotony of the same track, the apathy of exhausted attention, or the blandishments of new projects.-Essays on the Formation and Publication of Opinions. NEWTON AND SHAKSPEARE.-Newton and Shakspeare are perhaps equally illustrious, but certainly possess different kinds of reputation. Newton can be deservedly appreciated only by those few who can track his gigantic advances in science. To the world at large he is a man who has made discoveries, wonderful enough, but of which they can form no adequate conception. Shakspeare, on the other hand, is read and admired by all; they speak in his words and think in his thoughts. Not only the fame, but the manifestations of his genius live in their recollection, and his sentiments and expressions rise spontaneously as their own. Newton shines to the world like a remote though brilliant star. Shakspeare like the sun, which warms mankind as well as enlightens them.-Idem. APPLICATION THE PRICE OF KNOWLEDGE.-The vague expectation of gaining advantages without employing proper means may be seen in those who are perpetually in search of short and easy roads to knowledge; flattering themselves, that by the indolent perusal of abridgments and compendiums, or the sacrifice of an occasional hour at a popular lecture, they will, without much application, imbibe that learning, which they see confers so much distinction on others. They forget that, from the very nature of the case, science cannot be obtained without labour; that ideas must be frequently presented to the mind before they become familiar to it; that the faculties must be vigorously exerted to possess much efficiency; that skill is the effect of habit; and that habit is acquired by the frequent repetition of the same act. Application is the only means of securing the end at which they aim; and they may rest assured, that all schemes to put them in possession of intellectual treasures, without any regular or strenuous efforts on their part, all promises to insinuate learning into their minds at so small an expense of time and labour that they shall scarcely be sensible of the process, are mere delusions, which can terminate in nothing but disappointment and mortification. It cannot be too deeply impressed on the mind, that application is the price to be paid for mental acquisitions, and that it is as absurd to expect them without it as to hope for a harvest where we have not sown the seed.-Idem. Cease, then, nor order imperfection name: Submit. In this, or any other sphere, All Nature is but art, unknown to thee; All partial evil, universal good: And, spite of pride, in erring reason's spite, I would not enter on my list of friends Pope. (Though graced with polish'd manners and fine sense, Who needlessly sets foot upon a worm. An inadvertent step may crush the snail Sacred to neatness and repose, th' alcove, Not so when held within their proper bounds As God was free to form them at the first, Cowper. MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE IN ETYMOLOGY.-XVIII. 1. Explain the difference in meaning between the following words and phrases : Six pennies; six pence. Mrs Hemans was the greatest poet of her age; Mrs Hemans was the greatest poetess of her age. He was eager to recommend the plan; he was eager in recommending the plan. This is a portrait of John; this is a portrait of John's. I shall certainly visit him; I will certainly visit him. He thought he would go ; he thought he should go. Will one man be able to carry this burden so far? Will a man be able to carry this burden so far? Few persons attended the meeting; a few persons attended the meeting. The man that is born of a woman is of few days and full of trouble; Man that is born of a woman is of few days and full of trouble. He is a better soldier than poet; he is a better soldier than a poet. The secretary and treasurer met me; the secretary and the treasurer met me. He spoke contemptuously of the king; he spoke contemptibly of the king. He expressed the pleasure he had in hearing the philosopher; he expressed the pleasure he had in the hearing of the philosopher. I deposited a hundred pounds in the bank; I have deposited a hundred pounds in the bank. 2. What is the probable origin of the indefinite, and what of the definite article? Illustrate the advantages which our language has over Latin from its articles. In how many ways may the words filius dei be translated? Whence is derived the termination ('s) of the possessive case in English? Show that the repetition of the noun would not in all cases answer the purpose of the pronoun. Give examples of the word that as a demonstrative adjective; as a relative pronoun; and as a conjunction. Give examples of the word still as a noun; as an adjective; as a verb; and as an adverb. Prove that the word this is not a pronoun. What is the only case in English nouns formed by inflection? 3. Write the plurals of fox, woman, child, fly, brother, beau, crisis, phenomenon, day, pea, monarch, cargo, fife, and leaf-of I, thou, he, she, it; the comparative and superlative of good, wise, prosperous, near, rich, bad, hot, many, little; the past tense of hide, go, write, run, flow, see, compel, lead, try, swim, and stand. 4. Supply the following blanks with appropriate conjunctions, prepositions, or adverbs :Time tide wait no man.-Hear me my cause, silent you may hear.-Napoleon taught his enemies conquer himself. We all do fade a leaf. be to This is not a time adulation.-The king was his throne. |