gelo.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, begun at
the instance of Alfred the Great,
viii, 54.

Angoulême, Duke of, mission of, as
French military commander, ix,
99.

Angro-Mainyus.-The evil power in
the Zoroastrian system, i, 57, 58.
"Animals and Plants under Do-

mestication,' variation of, Dar-
win's, xiv, 164, 172, 180.
Animal worship, Egyptian, i, 39,
40; influence of, extended to the
Jews, 41.

Animals of Egypt worshipped neath
the temple, ii, 341.
Anne, Princess.-(Afterwards
Queen.) Wife of Prince George

of Denmark (1665-1714), play-
mate with Sarah Jennings (after-
wards Duchess of Marlborough)
at York House, vii, 183-185; her
character, 185; marriage, 186;
corresponds (as "Mrs. Morley")
with Duchess of Marlborough
("Mrs. Freeman"), 186; resides
at Chatsworth, 187; succeeds to
British throne (1702), 191;
alienated from Duchess of Marl-
borough, 199-201; takes up Mrs.
Masham in place of "Mrs. Free-
man," 203; parts with Lord
Godolphin, her confidential min-
ister, 204; dismisses Duchess of
Marlborough, 206; also dis-
misses Duke of Marlborough,
215; her death, 217.

Anne, Queen of Great Britain
(1702-14), Court of, vii, 182;
ruled by Duchess of Marl-
borough, viii, 102; English writ-
ers of the reign of, xiii, 281.
(See Preceding.)

Anne of Austria.-Wife of Louis
XIII of France, rules through
Italian favorites, viii, 102.
"Anne of Geierstein," Scott's, xiii,
128.

Anselm, Saint.-(1033-1109.) Me-
diæval Theology, v, 171; birth,
family, and contemporaries, 171,
172; studies under Lanfranc,
whom he succeeds as prior, then
abbot, of Bec (1063-93), 173;
his theological and philosophic
studies, 173; becomes arch-
bishop of Canterbury on death
of Lanfranc, 175, 179; breach
with William Rufus, 180; quar-
rel with the King over the rite
of investiture, 182-186, 193; the
Pope refuses to depose Anselm
at King's bidding, 186; Anselm
finally receives the pallium, 187;
the appeals to Rome, 188; sides
with the Pope rather than with
his sovereign, 190; visit to
Rome, 194; Henry I becomes
reconciled to the archbishop,
195; death and estimate of, 196,
197; combats the Nominalism of
Roscelin, 209; vii, 36, 117, 123.
Anselm of Laon. — - (1030-1117.)
French theologian, vii, 33, 36.
Anson, Ellen Louise. Wife of
Woodrow Wilson, xvi, 25, 26.
Anthony, Susan B. (1820-1906.)
American reformer, woman suf-
fragist, xvi, 142; family his-
tory, 142; active in temperance
and anti-slavery organization,
142.

-

-

Antietam, Battle of (Sept., 1862),
xii, 333.

For location of Volumes in Books,

Anti-Corn-Law Association, x, 79.
Anti-Federalists, xi, 160.
Anti-Masonic movement in U. S.
political history, xii, 77, 78.
Antioch, Saul and Barnabas at, ii,
415; Christians of, 417; contri-
butions of, to their poor breth-
ren, 417; its baths, theatres,
museums, and temples, fii, 212.
Antiochus IV. — King of Syria
detests
(175-164 B. C.),
monotheism of Jews and afflicts
them, ii, 393; death of, 394.
"Antiquary," The, Scott's novel,
xiii, 112, 113.

the

Antiquity, Classical, rich in poetry,
1, 321; ii, 33; Moses, august
character of, 97.
Anti-slavery agitation, xii, 215,
216, 223; movement, 255.
Antisthenes. (4 4 4-3 7 1 B. C.)
Athenian philosopher and found-
er of school of the Cynics, 1,
215, 257.
Antoninus Pius.-Emperor of Rome
(138-161 A. D.), adopts his fu-
ture son-in-law, Marcus Aurelius,
iv, 107.

Antonio, the Merchant, of Shaks-

peare's plays, xiii, 305.
Antony, Mark. Roman general
(83-30 B. C.), Cicero's philippics
against; his infatuation for
Cleopatra, iii, 297, 322, 323;
marries Octavia, 323; fights Oc-
tavius (Augustus Cæsar) at
Actium (31 B.C.), 326; civil
war ends his career, 328; dies
before Cleopatra, 329; vii, 109.
Aosta, Italy, birthplace of Anselm
(1033), v, 171.

Apelles. Greek painter (time of
Alexander the Great), "the Titian
of his day," i, 309, 310, 311;
iii, 138, 139; Venus (Aphro-
dite) of, 143.

Apollo Velvedere.-Sculptured fig.
ure of, i, 125; vi, 187, 192.
Apollodorus. (Circa 404 B. C.)
Greek painter, i, 257, 307; in-
vented chiaroscuro, 308;
iii,
134, 136.

Apollonius of Perga, Greek geo-

metrician (circa 2nd half of 3rd
cent. B. C.). IIis treaties on
conic sections, iii, 177.
Appomattox, Lee's capitulation at
(April, 1865), xii, 343.
Aquila and Priscilla.-Paul lodges
with, at Corinth, ii, 432, 435.
Aquinas, Thomas.-(1225-74). The
scholastic philosophy, v, 215; a
recruit of the Dominican order,
231; birth and parentage, 231;
a prodigy of dialectical skill,
232; studies under Albertus
Magnus, 233; personal appear-
ance, 234; his commentary on
the "Book of Sentences," 234;
doctor of theology, 235; the
"Summa Theologica," 235, 236,
247; the "Catena," an interpre-
tation of Patristic literature,
236; offered preferment but re-
fuses it, 238; Dr. Vaughan's
"Life" of the medieval doctor,
239; Platonic and Aristotelian
in his writings, 241; death, 241;
vii, 32, 35, 37.
Arabia. Patriarchial

monotheism

of, ii, 42; its fine horses, 206;.

For location of Volumes in Books,

religious systems of, v, 25, 26;
degrading Polytheism of, 28.
See Mohammed.

"Arabian Nights," i, 121.
Arago, Dominique François.-
(1786-1853.) French physicist
and astronomer, ix, 112, 347;
magnetic discoveries, xiv, 401;
his rotating disc, 419.
"Aratra Pentelici," Ruskin's,
xiv, 100.

Arbela, Battle of (331 B. C.), in
which the Macedonians (under
Alexander the Great) defeated
the Persians (under Darius),
i, 63.

Arbitration, xii, 376, 408-443.
Arblay, Madame d' (1752-1840),
Macaulay's Essay on, xiii, 266.
Arbuthnot, John.-(1667-1735.)
British physician and man-of-
letters, vii, 199.
Archæology, Modern, xiv, 351. See
Layard, Sir Austen H.
Archimedes of Sicily.-Reputed in-
ventor of the arch, iii, 107.
Archimedes of Syracuse.- (287-
212 B. C.)
Astronomical re-

searches, iii, 165; mathematical
writings, 175.
Architecture, Church, early devel-
opment, v, 362; original church
modelled after the ancient Basil-
ica, 364, 365; transition to the
Romanesque, 366, 368, 371;
architects of latter, 367; the
ogive or arch appears, 372; Eng-
lish and continental cathedrals,
377; St. Paul's more Grecian
than Gothic, 381; Gothic
Churches, 384; Westminster
Abbey, 387. See William
Wykeham.

of

Architecture, Gothic. See William
of Wykeham.

Architecture, Grecian artists the

120, 121.

Argyll, Duke

God of war, i, 116,

of. (1824-1900.)

Opposed to Darwin's evolution-
ary theories, xiv, 193.
"Ariadne Florentina," Ruskin's,
xiv, 100.

Arians and the Arian controversy,
iv, 259, doctrines, 260, 261;
Empress Faustina patroness of
the sect, 261; Ambrose deems
doctrine dangerous error, 262;
Empress challenges him to pub-
lic disputation, and his refusal
to compromise himself, 261, 262.
Ariosto, Ludivico.
(1474-1533.)
Italian poet, witchery of his
writings, xiii, 94.
Aristarchus.-Greek astronomer
(circa 280-264 B. C.), labors and
writings in astronomy, iii,
164, 166.
Aristippus.

-

-

(temp. 380 B. C.)
Greek philosopher and founder
of Cyreniac school, i, 215, 257.
Aristophanes.-( 4 4 4-380 B. C.)
Father of comedy. His Greek
plays, the "Clouds," etc., i, 250,
274, 330.
Aristotle.-(384-322 B. C.) Greek
philosopher, and disciple of
Plato, i, 222; birth, and tutor

For location of Volumes in Books,

conquerors, 74; in valley of
Ganges, 76; xi, 27.
Asceticism of Early Church a pro-
test against materialism, iv, 179;

in monastic institutions, v, 137.
Ascham, Roger.-(1515-68.) Tutor
to Princess Elizabeth, viii, 67.
Asepticism, Lord Lister's work in,
xiv, 468.

Ashdod, a city of the Philistines,

siege of, ii, 330.

Ashdod and Gaza, keys of Egypt,
ii, 160.

Ashley, Lord.-On factory ques-
tion, x, 76.

Asia Minor, grand cities of, iii,

212; Christian sects in, v, 332.
Asiatic Monk, European pietist em-
braces the religious tenets of,
▼, 331.

Asiatic supremacy, iv, 27.
Aspasia. The beautiful and cul-
tured wife of Pericles, admirer
of Socrates, i, 209, 250, 255.
Asquith, Herbert Henry.-(1852-.)
English politician, attempts to
settle Irish question, xv, 32, 33.
Asquith, Mrs. Margot.-Diary, XV,
33.

Asser, Welsh monk (died 909

A. D.), who wrote Life of
"Alfred the Great," viii, 53, 54.
Asshur.-National god of Assyria,
1, 43; corresponds with Greek
Zeus and Roman Jupiter, 44.
Assyrian and other ancient re-
ligions, i, 27; national deity of
Asshur, 43; influence of deities
on Jews, 44; Asshur its chief
deity, 43, 44, 48; oldest of great
empires occupying Mesopotamia,
43; other gods than Asshur, 45,
46; planet deities of, 47; their
goddesses, 48; oblations and
sacrifices to their gods, 49.
Assyrian monarchies, ii, 31; em-
pire of, 291; formidable under

warlike sovereigns, 292; break
up of empire, 337.

Assyrian and Aramean inscriptions,
recovery of, xiv, 384.

Astarte (Astoreth).—Goddess of
fecundity, i, 48.

Astral deities, 1, 47.

Astrology of the East, iii, 157.
Astronomical discoveries. See Gal-
ileo.

Astronomy, ancient study of, 1, 47;
iii, 147; great lights of, 151;
Chaldean, 152, 153; Egyptian,
154; Greek, 155.
Astyages.—King of Media (584-

549 B. C.), orders his grandson
Cyrus to be destroyed at birth;
this is defeated by Harpagus, an
officer at court, who gives the
child to a herdsman, iv, 38, 39;
the deception discovered, Cyrus
accepted by Astyages as his heir,
40;
Cyrus later heads revolt
against his grandfather, defeats
him in battle, and unites Medis
with Persia, 41.
Asvaghosha.-Early biographer of
Buddha, i, 85.
Athaliah.

-

- Daughter of Jezebel,
who reigned over Judah (483
B. C.), perishes with the remaja-
ing priests of Baal, ii, 279;
ascendancy over her husband
Jehoram and malign influence,
289.

Athanaric, Gothic King, iv, 333.
Athanasius.-Saint and father of
the early Christian church (296-
373 A. D.), opposes Arius and
his doctrines, iv, 161, 165;
takes prominent part in the
council of Nicæa, 162, 163;
made patriarch of Alexandria,
but subsequently banished, 165.
Athene (Minerva). - Goddess of
wisdom, 1, 117, 120, 121; statue
of, 126.

-

For location of Volumes in Books,