praife which he lately beftowed, and expoftulated fharply with the Prelate. He then requested an interview, to which the Bishop agreed, on condition that Mr. Jerningham be prefent. At this condition, Mr. Stockdale grew more angry, and threatened to publifh the correfpondence.

He has been as good as his word: but we cannot commend his prudence. Much as we wifh prosperity and ease to Mr. Stockdale, we do not, on the face of this publication, perceive fufficient ground for his attack on the Bishop of Durham, for refufing to give him the Jolid pudding of Hartburn in return for his empty praife. It does not appear that the Bishop ever promifed him preferment: but, fays Mr. Stockdale, I feel fentiments within me which deferve good fortune.' Other clergymen may feel the fame fentiments; and it must lie with the Bishop to determine whofe feelings fhall be gratified. Moo-y Art. 61. Advice to the Poor, with a short Remonftrance to those in higher Circumstances. By James Stovin, Efq. 12mo. IS. Clarke. 1792.

This is a fhort fummary of ufeful philofophical hints to the rich as well as to the poor; which both may read to advantage: but, as is ufual in all fuch cafes, thofe who have the greatest need of good counsel, are the perfons who will not receive it. The bulk of mankind are incorrigible in habits dictated by their paffions; and scora to feek for knowlege in books: they are thinking individuals only who are wife enough to know the value of good advice, to accept it cordially, and to profit by it. To all fuch, this little manual may be recommended, as containing more profitable and friking truths than might be expected in a monitor of fo humble a fize, and with fo plain and unaffuming a title.

N. Art. 62. A Treatise on the Game of Cribbage; fhewing the Laws and Rules of the Game, as now played at St. James's, Bath, and New Market: with the beft Methods of laying out your Cards, and expofing all the unfair Arts practifed by Sharpers. By Anthony Pafquin, Efq. 16°. pp. 96. 2s. 6d. Ridgway, &c. That cribbage is a favourite game at court, &c. will be news to many of our readers in the country. Mr. Pafquin affirms the fact, and we dare not difpute fuch authority. He, we understand, is “a man of wit and pleasure about town," and frequents the fcenes of grandeur and gaiety;-fcenes, of which we recollect but little for it is a long time fince the early days of Geo. II. when we now and then contrived to take a peep at what was going forward in the fashionable world.-Aye! thofe were pleasant days, when Harry Lintot used to lend us his father's old coats with embroidered buttonholes under favour of which, we could take a peep up the great fairs at St. James's; or folace ourselves with an evening's regale at Vauxhall, and Cuper's Gardens :-but, now, fic tranfit gloria mundi! Art. 63. Of the Proportions of Eclipfe. By Mr. Charles Vial de Saint Bel, Equerry to the King, and Head of the Academy at Lions; antient Profeffor of the Royal Veterinary School of the fame City; Demonftrator in Comparative Anatomy at Montpellier; and Profeffor of the Veterinary College of London. 4to. French and English. pp. 67. 11. is. Edwards, &c. 1791.

Prefuming

Prefuming that it may gratify fome of our Equeftrian readers to know how the proportions of a horfe are determined fcientifically, we shall copy the defcription of this high mettled racer, according to a table of the geometrical proportions used by the pupils of the veterinary schools in France.

ift, In that table, the horfe fhould measure three heads in height, counting from the foretop to the ground. Eclipfe meafured upward of three heads and a half.

zdly, The neck fhould meafure but one head in length; that of Eclipfe measured a head and a half.

3dly, The height of the body should be equal to its length; the height of Eclipfe exceeded his length by one fifth.

4thly, A perpendicular line falling from the flifle, fhould touch the toe; this line in Eclipfe touched the ground at the distance of half a head before the toe.

5thly, The distance from the elbow to the bend of the knee, fhould be the fame as from the bend of the knee to the ground; these two distances were unequal in Eclipfe, the former being two parts of a head longer than the latter.'

Thus it is established, that this univerfal victor, of unequalled speed, had not one true proportion of a good horse about him! This appears to be rather an aukward difcovery: but the comparative anatomist may perhaps be reconciled to it by the remainder of the work. This we have ftudied with great defire to understand it, and find the easiest way is, to grant all the author's pofitions; for they are fo elaborate and technical, that we, who know no more of the turf than we gain by our pedestrian exercises on it, to breathe a little fresh air after our labours, dare not prefume to doubt them. N. Art. 64. Memoirs of the Life of Charles Lee, Efq. Lieutenant Colonel of the Forty-fourth Regiment, Colonel in the Portuguese Service, Major General, and Aid du Camp to the King of Poland, and fecond in Command in Service of the United States of America during the Revolution: to which are added, his Political and Military Effays; alfo Letters to and from many distinguished Characters both in Europe and America. 8vo. pp. 439. 5. Boards. Jordan. 1792.

General Lee was of Cheshire parentage; he entered young into the

The head, divided into 22 equal parts, is the common meafure for every part of the body. If the head appears too long or too fhort in a horfe, that common measure must be abandoned, and the height of the body taken from the top of the withers to the ground. This height being divided into three equal parts, one of thefe three parts fubdivided into 22 equal parts, will give a juft geometrical length, fuch as the head would have given had it been rightly proportioned.'

If the head appears too long or too short,' how appears? Does the writer mean by the eye? If he does, the ftandard of measure begins in fancy. If fo, the alternative, or pofitive height of the body, appears to be the furer ftandard, though only offered as a fecondary refource.

army,

"

army, gained fome experience in America, attained the rank of CoJonel, and ferved under General Burgoyne in Portugal. He appears to have been a man of fpirit, and to have had the failing incident to fuch a character, that of irritability; he was, in briet, a Hotspur. Unfortunately for Mr. Lee, his pen was as ready a his fword; and by ufing it contrary to the wishes of the ministry, he excluded himself from all expectation of profeffional advancement. He then entered the Polish fervice, and, on the commencement of our American disturbances, went over to the fcene of action, and took a warm part in the cause of the Colonies.

It is infinuated that General Lee's military credit in America gained him a ftrong party in the congrefs to raise him to the first command there; and that the rivalship between him and General Washington ended in the difgrace of the former, by his conduct at the battle of Monmouth: where fome management is hinted, as tending to injure the credit of Mr. Washington, who directed the operations; fomething akin to the battle of Minden. Be this as it may, an altercation took place between them; the refult of which was the trial of Mr. Lee by a court martial, which fufpended him for twelve months. On this unfavourable turn of affairs, which took place in 1778, the General retired to his plantation in Berkeley county, Virginia; and at the close of 1782, being weary of fo obfcure a fituation, he left it, and died of a fever, at an inn in Philadelphia.

General Lee is reprefented as the firft fuggeftor of the declaration of American independence; and, from the impetuofity of his temper, the credit of promoting this measure may not be denied him, wherever it originated. The editor confeffes that his most difficult task in arranging thefe pofthumous papers, arofe from a defire of not giving offence to fuch characters as had been the object of the General's averfion and refentment. Unhappily his difappointments had foured his temper; the affair of Monmouth, feveral pieces of fcurrility from the prefs, and numerous inftances of private flander and defamation, fo far got the better of his philofophy, as to provoke him in the highest degree, and he became, as it were, angry with all mankind *.' This teftiness appears in his writings, here published; and to complete his character, we may add what his editor acknowleges in the preface,- So little of the courtier had. he about him, that he never defcended to intimate any thing. Whatever he spoke or wrote, was in the fulleft ftyle of expreffion, or ftrong figure. He used to fay of Mr. Paine, the author of Common Senfe in America, and fince, of the Rights of Man in England, that he burst forth upon the world, like Jove in thunder;" and this frength of conception, fo natural to General Lee, had it not been mixed with as ftrong a turn for fatire, and too much eccentricity of temper, would have rendered his converfation perpetually entertaining +."

A man who is hardy enough to wage war with all mankind, will foon find himself overwhelmed by numbers, whether they are right or wrong in the contest.

N.

This volume contains many curious particulars; especially relative to our late unhappy conteft with the American colonies. Art. 65. Confiderations on the high Price of Grain, and other Articles of Provifion, for a Number of Years back; and Propofi tions for reducing them: with occafional Remarks. By Catharine Phillips. 8vo. pp. 90. 1s. 6d. Phillips. 1792.

Being addreffed by a female on points of deep investigation, feemingly fo remote from the ufual objects of female attention, we pause at the novelty, until we can refolve within ourselves in what ftyle it becomes us to receive fuch a rarity.

When a lady condefcends but foftly! we should recollect that we are now addreffed by a woman of understanding, and, as we believe, of a perfuafion correct enough to difdain the frippery of common-place compliments, tending to the exclufion of fenfe. Such a writer, who defcribes herself as a decrepid old woman,' might correct our style, by hinting that woman is the co-relative of man, gentlewoman of gentleman, and lady of lord. Alas! Mrs. Phillips may add the prefent confufion in titles to the many inftances which the produces of the growth of luxury. Thefe diftinctions might be preferved in the days of our grand-parents, but they are now obfolete. Among us, every woman is a lady; gentlewoman has funk into a term of degradation; and good woman, ftrange to add, would be received as an infult.

When a lady con defcends to introduce any thing like argument into converfation, falfe politenefs withholds the generality of men from prefuming to controvert her opinion; and whatever may be their thoughts, they conceive that it would be ungentleman-like not to conceal them, under a-" Certainly, Madam!" or fome other complimentary phrafe, equally difingenuous :-but when the prints her fentiments, and offers them to the public, the appears before a tribunal that is above this duplicity, and which has more true respect for her than to treat her like a child: fhe waves the pretenfions of fex, and refts on the abstract merit of her argument.The female friend before us ftands on this only tenable ground.

Mrs. Phillips is a very fenfible and intelligent woman, and may acquit herfelf with credit in a converfation on this fubject: but her knowlege and obfervation, though he has collected most of the popular causes affigned for the dearnefs of provifions, do not combine the many complex circumftances that enter into the increase of prices. Suffice it to hint to her, that prices have progreffively rifen, through all generations of our ancestors, as far back as history can reach; and that they will continue fo to do, while the quantity of current fpecie increafes; which it always does, especially fince we have found the way to the American mines. When we fay that provifions are dear, the meaning is, that money is cheap; though the bulk of mankind always find it fearce enough, while taxation drains it out of their hands. Luxury is another wide drain; for while manufactures render the conveniences of life plentiful, we are fufficiently difpofed to enjoy as many of them as we can procure. Who will ufe wainscot or deal furniture, when it can be made of mahogony? Who will eat barley bread, where wheat is

to be had? There is no end to thefe queftions; and the good fenfe of individuals muft draw the only boundary line that can be pre£cribed

Things are easily rectified in Mrs. P.'s opinion; thus - Reduce the prices of meat and drink, and the poor rates will alfo be reduced, which for many years have been a heavy load upon the landed interest.' Quantity and competition alone can regulate free prices: but were they reduced, is it fo clear that a reduction of the poor rates would naturally follow? Alas! we have our doubt; and thofe who know most of human nature are not quite fo fanguine. This peculiar burthen which we alone have taken up, is not like Efop's burthen, it will not grow lighter by time. To plead for benevolence to the poor, argues goodness of heart: but Mrs. P, appears yet to learn, that giving to the poor is the abufe of charity. The aged and difabled have an irrefiftible claim for fupport: bur gifts to the reft make them idle, vicious, greedy, and infolent. The writer of this article has abundant opportunity to study the difpofition of the poor in a confiderable town, that is amply provided with charitable bequests; and can boldly affirm, that the weakness or vanity of fuch donations has a strong tendency to deprave them. To provide them with employment is true charity, and tends to the cultivation of virtuous principles among them.

Mrs. P. obferves, It may reasonably be conjectured, that an increase of population may have tended to enhance the price of provifions in this nation; but whether the improvements in agriculture, and the inclosing of fo much common land, as hath of late years been the cafe, may not be fuppofed a balance for the increase of its inhabitants, I fubmit to confideration *. In this the acts prudently; for it is futile to apprehend an increase of inhabitants beyond what the country can conveniently feed; and yet Mrs. P. leans to fuch an opinion, by defcending to notice private extravagance and wafte, which are only objects of private confideration. Thus: I fhall fay but little upon the general ufe of Eaft India tea, as tending to increase the price of provifions, because it is to no purpofe, fo wedded are all ranks of people to this cuflom: but it certainly has confiderable weight. A vast quantity of butter is confumed (rather to the injury of the people's conftitutions), which advances the price of that article of provifion +.' Were it not that articles are raised in proportion to their confumption, and that plenty makes cheapnefs, we fhould be of the fame opinion. Would the difcourage dairies? People will eat.

We may well fuppofe tithes to excite Mrs. P.'s refentment, as detrimental to improvement; and yet, confidering the validity of her objections to them, the expreffes herfelf with becoming temper. It is ftrange that the clergy do not themfelves endeavour to remove fo great a tumbling-block between the people and the church!

We cannot but fmile when Mrs. P. lamenting the waste of viduals in great families as injurious to the nation, inftances stewing hams for their effence, and throwing the flesh away, or giving it to the dogs, as a very condemnable wafte of good meat. la