even the quiet possession of an immense treasure, will never prevail against avarice. My Lord Chancellor Hardwick, when worth eight hundred thousand pounds, set the same value upon half a crown, as when he was worth only one hundred pounds. That great captain the Duke of Marlborough, when he was in the last stage of life, and very infirm, would walk from the public rooms in Bath to his lodgings, in a cold dark night, to save sixpence in chair hire he died worth more than a million and a half sterling, which was inherited by a grandson of Lord Trevor's, who had been one of his enemies. Sir James Lowther, after changing a piece of silver, and paying two-pence for a dish of coffce in George's coffee-house, was helped into his chariot, (for he was then very lame and infirm,) and went home: some little time after, he returned to the same coffee-house, on purpose to acquaint the woman who kept it that she had given him a bad halfpenny, and demanded another in exchange for it. Sir James had about forty thousand pounds per annum, and was at a loss whom to appoint his heir. I knew one Sir Thomas Colby, who lived at Kensington, and was, I think, a commissioner in the victualling office; he killed himself by rising in the night, when he was under the effect of a sudorific, and going down stairs to look for the key of his cellar, which he had inadvertently left on a table in his parlour :-he was apprehensive his servants might seize the key, and deprive him of a bottle of wine. This man died intestate, and left more than two hundred thousand pounds in the funds, which was shared among five or six day-labourers, who were his nearest relatives. Dr. King's Anecdotes.

A REMARKABLE PROVIDENCE.

A REMARKABLE circumstance, we were informed, occurred near this place about three weeks before. A poor woman, who owed her landlord fourteen pounds, scraped seven together, which she brought him. But he absolutely refused to take less than the whole, yet detained her in talk till evening. She then set out on a car. When she was within a mile of home, she overtook a soldier, who said he was exceedingly tired, and earnestly entreated her to let him ride with her on the car, to which she at length consented. When they came to her house, finding there was no town within two miles, he begged that he might sit by the fireside till the morning. She told him she durst not suffer it, as her's was a lone house, and there was none in it but herself and her girl :

but at last she agreed he should lie in the girl's bed, and she and the girl would lie together. At midnight, two men, who had blackened their faces, broke into the house, and demanded her money. She said, "Then let me go into the next room and fetch it." Going in, she said to the soldier, "You have requited me well for my kindness, by bringing your comrades to rob my house." He asked, "Where are they?" She said, "In the next room." He started up, and ran thither. The men ran away with all speed. He fired after them, and shot one dead; who, being examined, appeared to be her landlord! So that a soldier was sent to protect an innocent woman, and punish a hardened villain!--Wesley's Journal.

METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS.

THE mean temperature of August, was 65 degrees of Fahrenheit's thermometer. The maximum of 72 degrees occurred on the mornings of the 10th and 11th, with a south-westerly wind. The minimum, which was 57 degrees, was observed on the 29th, when the direction of the wind was westerly. The range of the thermometer was 15 degrees, and the prevailing wind south-west. The direction of the wind has been southwesterly 12 days; westerly 7; northwesterly 5; southerly 23; easterly 2; south-easterly 13; and northerly 3

Rain has fallen on 21 days, and 12 have been accompanied with wind: the 27th was attended with a considerable gale from the south-west. On the evening of the 2d, a heavy shower fell, accompanied with thunder; the electric fluid descended in the Thames, and proved fatal to two individuals in a wherry: it appeared that an umbrella was the conductor. Heat-lightning occurred on the evening of the 14th.

POETRY.

LINES ON THE DEATH OF DOCTOR
ADAM CLARKE,

(WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE, AUGUST 26TH, 1832.)
LET others sing of beauty, wit, or wars,
I trace the gloomy records of the dead;
For Venus, Mercury, Apollo, Mars,
I weave no garland, I no tears can shed:
The Scholar, Christian, Preacher, I deplore,
The able Commentator, sound Divine,
For CLARKE with dignity those titles bore,
To him my muse shall consecrate the line,
And round this British Oak, my Christian myrtle
twine.

Not for myself, but for the Church I feel;
What power on earth can countervail the loss!
Ah! who, the sudden, awful stroke can heal?
Or, add so bright a lustre to the Cross?
For now he sleeps beneath the silent clod,
Beside his Wesley,-name for ever dear!
He meets his father in the realms of God,
Who hails him to that beatific sphere,
Where tears are never shed, for all are happy there!

Princes and kings may vanish or appear, Thrones seldom want the regency supplied; This not a welcome gets, nor that a tear, Such slender tribute have the sons of pride : But time and patience, genius and thought, Alone can make the seer, the scholar, sage: Crowns may be won in war, for lucre bought, But who can fill the mind-illumin'd page,

Or flash, like Clarke, bright truth across the age?
What, though the frost of seventy years had cast
A hoary whiteness, still his mental powers
Were lucid, rich, and vigorous to the last;
The Spring, though fled, had left undying flowers,
And richest, ripest, undecaying fruit,

To please the mental and the moral taste,
Such as might every various palate suit,
The flow of intellect, without a waste,

For he with all the mind's vast wealth was grac'd.

The mighty ocean of delightful truth,
He circumnavigated night and day;
He promised at the altar, when a youth,
To make the Bible his delight and stay:
Hence, richly furnish'd from that sacred mine,
His ample mind was to overflowing stor'd:
He saw the Holy Teacher's vast design,
Enamour'd, as the ocean he explor'd,

A well-instructed scribe, to serve his risen Lord.

The sacred pulpit was his favourite place,
And thousands on his lips delighted hung,
While the rich treasures of redeeming grace,
And God's philanthropy, flow'd from his tongue ·
There he was always home, the theme was dear,
It flowed as from the fountain deep within,
The weak to strengthen, the dejected cheer,
And save the lost from wretchedness and sin,
That they might grace and life eternal win.
He saw the drift, the object, end, and aim,
Of Heaven's benevolence to mortal man,
And pour'd a flood of light upon the scheme
We call redemption's covenanted plan;

Its height, its depth, its breadth, its length, he saw,
Budding in Paradise, but blooming fair

Upon the Cross, when love repeal'd the law,
Sad covenant of works, no hope was there,
Till mercy died to cancel man's depair!

Learning, though he had pluck'd her richest flowers,
Was but the second jewel in his crown;
Without the aid of academic bowers,
He rose to greatness, dignity, renown;
Some follow fame, and worship at her shrine,
But she was emulous to court his eye,
To sound his trumpet, and his temples twine,
For truth and learning give the goddess joy-
She courted him, for he was ever coy.

Full fifty years, he spread the bleeding cross,
And toil'd and suffer'd in his Master's cause;
Hence, pure Religion mourns the sage's loss,
Who made his life a comment on her laws:
For, sure, his mind was ample as his need;
He grasp'd the ransom'd family of man,
And long'd to see the life-eternal seed,
Spreading its bloom from Shetland to Japan;
Free general grace was his beloved plan.
Science, philosophy, and learning wove
A wreath, to deck his venerable brow;
But he delighted most of all to rove

Near Siloa's font, with Wesley, Baxter, Howe:
The Lamb! his honour'd, chosen, darling theme,
Though wits might sneer, and infidels condemn,
Content, if good men bless, and wise esteem,
To fix his tent among the tribes of Shem;
He lov'd his people, and he dwelt with them.

He had his spots, and spots are in the sun,
To err is human, since the general fall;
But now, (the thread of shame and glory spun,)
Where shall we find his equal, all in all?
Explore the Emerald Isle, or Albion's shore,
Or Scotia's heathy hills, the search is vain,
For deep research, pure zeal, and pious lore,
"We shall not quickly see his like again,"
In these fair Isles, or o'er the Atlantic main !

The love he bore to learning was a mote,
If Goths and Vandals as a jury sit;
But grant the Christian world a single vote,
And every saint will canonize his wit:
He pour'd his soul along the nervous line-
A truce to critics, he was full of zeal;
Hence, if his compositions be not fine,
There is no apathy-we read, and feel:
He wrote, like Baxter, for the common weal.
Mourn, Shetland, mourn! for thou hast lost a friend;
Weep, fair Ierne! for thy favour'd son;
Daughter of Zion, o'er his ashes bend,
And let thy tearful eyes like fountains run.
Come, fair Benevolence, and o'er his grave
Thy weeping willow plant, to shade his tomb,
Let many an Irish child and negro slave
Embalm his name in gratitude's perfume,
And may his works and worth to distant ages bloom.
JOSHUA MARSDEN.

CAMELODUNUM; OR, COLCHESTER.
On this delightful hill, once rude and wild,
(Encircled as you see by yonder stream,)
With underwood entangled, and o'ergrown
With aged oaks,

Our rude forefathers form'd a settlement.
Their sylvan town, to nature, not to art,
Owed its defence,

The wall, the fosse, the castellated tower,
Were all supplied by British valour.
The Roman eagle, rear'd in sunny climes,
Wing'd his destructive way across the strait
Which severs Albion from the Gallic coast.
Then, 'midst our woods and wilds,
The din of war startled the ear;

The painted chief, surrounded by his bowmen,
Bravely fought, when Rome's imperial cohorts
First essayed to try their strength

With Kent's unconquer'd sons.

Just where the beauteous Colne meandering flows, In evil hour, the foreign scout descried the rising smoke

Tow'ring aloft above the foliage of the topmost trees.
And hither all the hardy sons of Rome,
Thirsting for conquest, urged their dauntless way;
While Britain's chieftain, last of all his train,
Retreated, as a lion leaves his lair.
Then first on Albion's coast Pomona smil'd,
And Ceres raised her head.

Here, where the stedfast oak had stood for ages,
Tower'd the sacred Fane.

There baths and battlements, turrets and towers,
Were rising to perfection,

When Boadicea, by revenge inspired,
Came rolling onward like a winter's flood,
And swept the infant colony away.

The ruin'd town rose, like a phoenix,

From the flames of war,

And gave the world (so Providence ordained)
Imperial Cæsar, first of Christian kings,

As Babylon declined in days of yore,
So Media perished, Macedonia fell,

And last of all, great mistress of the world
Imperial Rome.

Her guardian power withdrawn,

Our British towns lay open to the foe,

The Pictish warriors, and the Scottish clans;
The Danish pirates came across the sea,
And ravag'd all the coast,

Till. finally, the Saxon power prevail'd,
And Britain saw the Heptarchy complete.

When William's doubtful title was enforced,
And then made clear and valid by success,
From yonder ruin'd tower the curfew toll'd,
And banish'd joy from every British hearth.

O! never more may civil discord desolate the land:
How long remember'd are the feuds of war!
How oft the mind reverts to by-gone days,
When Lisle and Lucas, lovely in their lives,
In death were not divided.

One cause they warmly cherished,
One fate befell them; and in one
Common grave, their mouldering ashes sleep.
But now the trump of war no longer sounds,
On Britain's peaceful shore,

Where Druids worshipp'd, where the Romans rul'd,
Where altars stood, to Theor and Woden rais'd,
The God of heaven is worshipp'd, fear'd, ador'd,
And all the living charities of life
Exist and flourish.

LINES ON PARTING.

W. SHARP.

WE met again we part-the hues of life
Are primrose hues, that bloom and pass away:
Youth ends in weeping, misery, and strife,
A short-liv'd dreaming is its longest day.

On pleasure's lap the bright and brief caressing,
Fades from the grasp, as fleeting as 'tis fair;
The fancy-pinion'd hours of bliss and blessing,
Leave nought behind but vanity and care.
Yet, ev'n on earth, all sullied as it is,

The heart can find its summer-time of flowers,
Can see, though distant from the land of bliss,
In the dim wilderness sweet resting bowers.

Tis when it meets again after long years,
The few, the lov'd ones of this earth's dim sphere,
Talks with them of its God, and prays, and hears,
The next world's happiness half imaged here!
The soul is bright again, when sun and breeze
(Christ's face,-God's Spirit,) shine and hover near it,
Upward it looks by faith, and clearly sees
The beams of love its Saviour sends to cheer it!
It sleeps in flowers-the Spirit of the Dove
Sheds peace o'er heart and mind, o'er hill and plain,
With kindred souls it feels the warmth of love,
And almost fancies earth is heaven again!
But 'tis not long, the world's dim coil is o'er us,
Time comes to leave the sunny spot behind,
A drear extent of desert spreads before us,
Where no sweet resting-place our wings may find!
Woe to this eartb,-'tis all a place of sadness,
A clime of misery, a land of toil,
Bright-beaming happiness, fond joy, and gladness,
Are plants that cannot grow in this low soil.
Then let us part-and if to meet no more
In these our bodies of vile sin and guilt,

Tis well, our souls shall meet on heav'n's far shore,
Made lovely in the blood which Jesus spilt.
Yes, we will part, and cheerfully we'll part!
Pray not, my friends, to meet again on earth;
But, oh! that we may meet where cares depart,
In the bright region of eternal birth!

W. P. SPARKS.

2D. SERIES, NO. 22.-VOL. II.

481

REVIEW.-Essays tending to prove Animal Restoration. By Samuel Thompson, Wesleyan Minister. Newcastle. 12mo. pp. 235.

SEVERAL months have elapsed since this book came into our hands, and we can only say to the author, by way of apology for our delay, that we have still many on our shelves that have had a lodgment there during a much longer period.

Of these Essays, the former parts have nothing more than a preliminary connexion with the question professedly discussed, and in the latter portions, the author has rather collected and urged what may be advanced in favour of his position, than examined the subject in its various bearings, and combated the formidable objections to which his theory is liable.

It will be readily allowed, that the author has given to his hypothesis a plausible aspect; and, on a supposition that in his investigations he has circumscribed the whole arcanum of facts, he will appear in the estimation of many to have established the theory for which he contends. But when, on the contrary, we find that he has ranged through an ample field, and only culled those arguments, and employed those reasonings, that were calculated to suit his particular purpose, leaving hostile propositions behind; we begin to hesitate, to demur, and, finally, to doubt if his reasonings are accurate, and his conclusions fair.

That many great and good men have advocated the doctrine of animal restitution in a future state, numerous passages scattered throughout their writings abundantly prove. It is also an undeniable fact, that many strong and powerful arguments have been, and may be urged on the side of the question which Mr. Thompson has espoused. We are not, however, convinced that the sufferings of animals in the present state, can furnish that ground for compensation hereafter, on which its advocates seem greatly to rely. If this basis were legitimate, we see no reason why the suffering branches of the human family should not also be compensated hereafter for their privations here; and on this ground every argument that might be advanced in favour of brutes, would apply with still greater force to the wretched offspring of Adam.

Rewards and puishments hereafter, are connected with virtue and vice, which enter immediately into the moral region, and presuppose the existence of a moral nature, which brutes can hardly be presumed to possess. If brutes are to be rewarded for suffering, ought they not on the same prin166.-VOL. XIV.

3 P

482

ciple, to be punished for the mischief which many of them do? Without this, it may be fairly argued, that their condition is superior to that of man. A future compensation for present suffering implies the power of connecting both together, otherwise the animal will never know that it receives a remuneration. It does not appear, from any knowledge which we have of animals, that they are capable of doing either moral good or evil, and, therefore, we have no legitimate ground on which to conclude that they can have any claim on future rewards or punishments.

It is argued in favour of brutes, that they were originally designed by the Almighty for certain enjoyments, of which they have been deprived by the wickedness of man; that the purposes of God cannot ultimately be defeated, and therefore they shall receive in another state, a compensation for what they have lost in this. Plausible as this may appear, it will not stand the test of a rigorous scrutiny. We cannot doubt that the Almighty primarily designed mankind for happiness. Sin, however, has defeated his purpose, and, with fallen angels and finally impenitent human spirits, it will remain defeated for ever. Analogy will carry our conclusions to the brute creation.

It is not, however, our province to enter on the ground of disputation with the author. The liberty of opinion is his inherent birthright; and from the plain, and undisguised manner in which it is avowed, he commands our attention and respect. We can have no objection to his conclusions, if persuaded that they were fairly established; for no one can suppose that the immortal happiness of animals will lessen that portion of felicity which falls to the lot of man. But when we perceive a theory, which in its wide embrace must include, not only the larger species, but reptiles, and vermin which we need not name; the conclusion appears too formidable to be adopted, and in its revulsion menaces with destruction the parent that gave it birth. Indeed, if the chain be not broken between man, and the next link as we descend, it is more than doubtful if the same theory will not carry its operations into the vegetable kingdom, and confer immortality on turnips, leeks, and onions.

But we have done: "A disputable point is no man's ground." Mr. Thompson has concentrated in his pages nearly all that we could expect to find, in favour of the subject. To his reasonings and arguments, we readily assign due weight and influence; and, although not converts to his hypothesis, we hesitate not to admit that the

side to which we adhere is not without its difficulties. That the question is speculatively important, every thinking person must allow; and to all who feel an interest in its investigation and decision, on either side, we sincerely recommend an attentive perusal of this book. To those who view the subject as it has been surveyed by Mr. Thompson, his arguments will appear unanswerable; and although, with others, the tide of opinion may run strongly in an opposite channel, no person has a right to treat what he has advanced with indifference or contempt, without first neutralizing the energy of his observations.

REVIEW. Practical Essay on Entire Sanctification. By A. Watmough, Mason. 12mo. pp. 124. London. ON all works that inculcate doctrines advocated by one sect, and denied by another, a diversity of opinion will be entertained. Approbation on the one side is counterbalanced by the protests of the other, and the public are left to decide between the arguments advanced, and the objections urged; in this state of indecision, nearly all controversial subjects rest.

Mr. Watmough espouses the opinion embraced by the late Mr. Wesley, among whose followers, we apprehend, he is a regular minister, and argues in this treatise, that an entire sanctification of the soul is attainable in this present life. In favour of this sentiment he has produced very many plain and unequivocal passages of scripture, and named several persons in whom the doctrine for which he contends received a living exemplification. reasonings on the possibility and probability of the fact are energetic and commanding. He contends that the nature, power, and will of God are decidedly in favour of this doctrine, and that in his revealed word we are expressly assured, "Without holiness no man shall see the Lord."

His

It is somewhat remarkable, that in this latter position all professing Christians agree; but when they proceed to inquire into the when and how, their reasonings and conclusions assume very different aspects. Hence, the Papists have invented a purgatory, to purify the soul by fire; and the followers of Calvin have contrived, in the moment of dissolution, to transfer the remains of spiritual corruption from the soul to the body, from which it will probably be ultimately detached by decomposition, and never heard of more. The Quaker friends contend for holiness in this present life,

and the church of England prays that God would "cleanse the thoughts of our hearts by the inspiration of his Holy Spirit, that we may perfectly love him, and worthily magnify his holy name."

But independently of all systems, creeds, and dogmas, the grand question is, What saith the Spirit of God in the scriptures? To this immutable standard we must ultimately repair, and by its declarations we must finally be guided. Here Mr. Watmough finds an impregnable fortress, and lodges in security. How long before death this great work is to be accomplished, he does not presume to determine. His reasonings, however, tend to this point, that if only one minute be granted, the principle may be extended to five, to a day, to a week, to a month, to a year. He that can

forgive sin, can also cleanse from all unrighteousness; and no limits can be imposed on the Divine operation in the one case, more than in the other.

In the early part of his book, Mr. Watmough has explicitly defined the terms he uses, shewing what he does not mean, and also what he does. Thus clearing a foundation, the scriptures furnish him with a goodly supply of corner-stones; and with these, and a variety of inferences from passages quoted, together with arguments and reasonings of a coincident character, he rears the edifice which we now inspect.

REVIEW.

- The Truths of Revelation demonstrated, by an Appeal to existing Monuments, Sculptures, Gems, Coins, and Medals. By a Fellow of several learned Societies. 12mo. pp. 294. Longman. London. 1831.

THE author of this work derives his evidences in favour of revelation and the truths it contains, from sources, which few only have either the means, the opportunity, or the ability to explore. Historical documents are without doubt of inestimable value; the internal evidence of genuineness which the sacred writings supply, carry conviction to every impartial mind; and reasonings founded on given data, leave scepticism with but scanty possessions in the field of doubt.

Diverse from all the preceding, the author of this book turns his attention to more tangible objects. He explores, in retrospection, the productions of departed ages, picks up fragments from among the spoils of time, and calls upon marble and metal to give their testimony. By an appeal to existing monuments, sculptures,

gems, coins, and medals, he has rendered the museums of antiquarians subservient to his purpose, and drawn from them a body of evidence too formidable for the reflecting and dispassionate either to gainsay or resist.

When fragments of art, memorials of great events, and animal remains, grown venerable by age, appeal to our senses, departed occurrences seem to obtain a mental resuscitation, and to flit before the organs of vision. These speak a language that cannot be misunderstood; and when they are distinguished by dates and inscriptions, still legible and intelligible, we are transported in a moment into a remote period of antiquity, to converse with generations, and mingle with incidents and transactions, of whose existence we can no longer doubt.

This is precisely the situation in which we are placed by the author of the book before us. On history, science, and antiquity, he has levied an impost, and they readily pay their contributions. With the numerous coins and medals, whose inscriptions bear testimony to events recorded in scripture, we have been forcibly struck; they furnish a valuable species of evidence, because they will stamp the seal of conviction, on many minds, more indelibly than it could be impressed by any language or reasoning, and confirm, by their actual existence, the facts which revelation communicates on the credit of its own authority. The sources of evidence thus explored, yield a powerful auxiliary, to co-operate with other branches, that have been, and may be, adduced in favour of revelation.

REVIEW.-An Offering of Sympathy to Parents bereaved of their Children, and to others under Affliction, &c. 12mo. pp. 240. Simpkin. London, 1832. THIS little volume is avowedly a compilation from manuscripts and letters not before published. To this is added an appendix, of selections from various authors, several of whom are of established reputation. The volume is of American origin, whence it has found its way across the Atlantic, and, in this country, having attracted attention, it now appears in an English edition.

The various authors of these documents seem to have explored all the sources of consolation which Christianity affords, and to have availed themselves of all the motives

for resignation to the dispensations of Divine providence, which reason suggests, and religion inculcates. In many cases they will administer balm to the wounded spirit; but there are others too deep, and too severe,