CHAP. VII. Confederacy formed in the Convention against Robespierre. General Dillon arrefied, tried, and condemned, together with the Wife of Defmoulins. They are both executed with Gobat, Chaumette, and others. The Convention orders every Member, on Pain of Death, to give an Account of his Revenue be◄ fore and fince the Revolution. Robespierre's Conduct in pecuniary Matters. Conventional Decrees against Ex-nobles and Aliens. Decrees relating to Law Suits. Decrees against Anti-revolutionary Difcourfes. Decrees against Aged and Nonjuring Clergymen. Decree prohibiting the Marriage of the Wives of Emigrants with Foreigners. Attempt to defame the Memory of Louis XVI. Farmers-General tried by the Revolutionary Tribunal, and feveral of them condemned and executed. Trial and Execution of the Princess Elizabeth, Sifter to Louis XVI. Terror occafioned by the cruel Adminiftration of Robespierre. His Endeavours to retain and increafe his Popularity. His affected Zeal for Religion. Decrees of the Convention relating to Religious and Moral Subjects. Various Feftivals de◄ creed. Feftivals in Honour of the Supreme Being. Attempts to affaffinate Robefpierre and Collot D'Herbois. General Difcontent at the Cruelties of Robefpierre. He remains inflexible in his Conduct. Robespierre arrives at the Plenitude of his Power. Prepoffeffion of the lower Claffes in his Favour. Dreaded by his Adherents. His numerous and fevere Decrees. Dangerous State of Society occafioned by them. Encouragement of Informers. Revolutionary Tribunal and Committee of Public Safety entirely under his Orders. His Organization of Juries. His Method of directing their Verdict. Extenfive Powers granted through him to the Revolutionary Tribunal. Powers of the Committee of Public Safety enlarged through his Means, in Order to ferve his Purpofes. That Committee made Permanent. Through the Subferviency of that Committee, his Power becomes uncontrouled. Submifiveness of the Convention to his Authority. He procures a Revolu tionary Army, and encourages a fanguinary Spirit. His Perfecutien of the Royalifts. Through his Inftigation, the Jacobins petition and obtain, that, Terror fhould be declared the Order of the Day. He procures a Repeal of the Decree by which the Members of the Convention were entitled to be heard in their Defence, before the Paffing of an Accufation against them. His Severity encrcafes. Situation of Paris at that Period. Exaltation of the lower Claffes. Depreffion of the better Sort. Abjectness and Degradation of the French under Robespierre. Wretched Condition of the People. Adulation and Homage paid to Robespierre. His Speech to the Convention on the 27th of May. That of Barrere on the 13th. Decree againft giving Quarter to the English, or to the Towns taken from France on refusing to Surrender in Twenty-four Hours. Power, Popularity, and Influence of Robespierre in Paris. Means by which he retains it. Reflections on bis Conduct at this Time. Execution of Lamoignon Malesherbes. Confpiracies imputed to Perfons imprisoned by Robespierre. Execution of Baron Trenck and Colonel Newton. Imprisonment of Thomas Payne. Barbarous Treatment of Prifoners. Number of Perfons imprisoned at Paris X 2 124 CHAP 1 CHAP. VIII. Motives of Submiffion to Robefpierre. Thefe Motives begin to cease, and Dif contents to arife. Party formed against him. Robespierre encreafes the Power of the Committee of Public Safety, and of General Security. The Decree to this Intent oppofed by Bourdon de L'Oife, and others. Oppofition to Robefpierre gathers Strength. His Conduct, in order to counteract it, and preferve bis Credit with the People. He procures the Paffing of three Popular Deerees; one for the Speedy Payment of Prize Money to Seamen,-the Second, to prevent the Importation of forged Affignats, the Third, to encourage Military Merit, and the Fourth, for the Relief of the Poor, and People in Diftrefs. Progrefs of the Party forming against Robespierre. His Conduct at this Crifis. Speech of the Jacobin Club. Defigns of which he is fufpected. Profcriptions intended by him. Conduct of the Party formed against him. Obliged to temporize. Denunciation prefented by the Jacobins to the Convention, at the Infligation of Robespierre. He makes a Speech in the Convention against his Enemies and Oppofers. He is refolutely oppofed by the Majority of the Convention. His Caufe violently efpoufed by the Jacobins. Prefumptuous Addrefs of St. Juft to the Convention. Speeches and Beha viour of Tallien, of Billaud Varennes, and of Barrere 148 Robespierre's Party rifes in his Support. He is outlawed by the Convention, Further Meafures taken againft his Party. The Majority of People, especi ally the better Sort, declare againft him. Robespierre and his Party are overcome. He is feized, condemned to die, and executed with his principal Accomplices. His Character. Satisfaction expreffed by the Populace at bis Fall. New Arrangements made by the Convention. Satisfaction of all Ranks of People at his Death. Syftem of Moderation adopted. Measures propofed in the Nation at large, and refolved upon in the Convention, to pres vent the Return of Tyranny. Provifional Syftem of Government framed by Barrere, and adopted by the Convention. Sentiments of Europe on the Power of Robespierre. Affairs relating to France and America. Diffentions in the Convention, and Accufation of feveral of its Members. They are bonourably acquitted. Attempts to affaffinate Tallien. Imputed to the Jacobin Club. Reafons affigned for this Meafure. Punishment of Carrier and his Accomplices, for their Cruelties in La Vendée and Nantes. Terms offered to the Infurgents. Members of the Convention, imprisoned during Robespierre's Adminiftration, liberated and reftored to their Seats. Repeat of the Edia for giving no Quarter to the English CHAP. X. 158 Difficult and alarming Situation of the Confederates at the Clofe of 1793. Ariftocratical Ariftocratical and Democratical Parties in this Country. State of the Public Mind at the Meeting of the British Parliament, January 1794. Speech from the Throne. Debates thereon in both Houses of Parliament 176 CHAP. XI. Military Preparations and Strength of France and Great Britain in the Course of 1793. A Body of Hefsian Troops arrive in the Isle of Wight. This Meafure cenfured by Oppofition in the Houfe of Commons. Defended by the Minifterial Party. Motion for increafing the Number of Seamen for the Service of the Navy. For referring to the Committee of Supply, a Treaty with the King of Sardinia. That the Land Forces for the Service of the Current Year, bould confift of 60,000 Men. Conversations and Difputa tions that arife in Confequence of thefe Motions. Supplies for the Profecution of the War. New Taxes. At for reftraining the Payment of Money to Perfons refiding in France during the War. Annual Motion by Mr. Wil- berforce, for Leave to bring in a Bill for the Abolition of the Slave Trade, in the House of Commons. Carried. Petitions against the Abolition of the Slave Trade. Motion by Mr. Maitland, respecting French Officers in British CHAP. XII. General Anxiety concerning the Iffue of the War in both France and England. Motion in the House of Peers for Peace with France. Arguments for and against it. Charge againft Miniftry in the House of Commons, of Neglect. of Nova Scotia. Answer to this Charge. Motion by Mr. Pitt, in the House of Commons, for an Augmentation of the Militia, and for levying a Volunteer Force of Horfe and Foot in every County. Debates on thefe Mo- tions. The Motions carried. Spirited Proteft of the County of Surry against Minifterial Attempt to procure Subfcriptions for Supplies without Application to Parliament. A Meffage to Parliament from the King, requiring the Suc- cours necessary for repelling menaced Invafion. Addrefs in Anfwer. Mo tion by Mr. Sheridan againft Loans of Money to the Crown to be used for Public Purpofes, without the Confent of Parliament. Debates thereon in both Houses. In both carried. Motion in the House of Commons, for en- abling the Subjects of France to enter into his Majefty's Service on the Con Treaties concluded between the British Minifter and the feveral Members of the Coalition. Motion against it in the Houfe of Commons. Debates thereon. Motion by Lord Stanhope in the House of Peers, for abftaining from farther Interference in the Domeftic Concerns of France. Motion by Lord Hawke bury, for the Employment of British Seamen difcharged from the Navy in Time of Peace. Motion by Mr. Gray, relative to the Failure of the British Arms at Dunkirk and Toulon. Debates thereon. Finances of India. A CHAP. XIV. 245 Motions in both Houses of Parliament for revifing the Trials of Meffrs. Muir and CHAP. XV. 263 Motion for an Account of the Money advanced to the King of Pruffia, and the 280 Ditto, June 21 57 68 204 74 75 76 54 80 86 90 Amount of the different Salaries, and Emoluments of different Officers appointed 93 Papers Papers relating to the Union of Corfica with the Crown of England, including the Conftitution, Addrefes, Letters, &c. General Bill of Christenings and Burials for one Year Account of the total Net Produce paid into the Exchequer of the Duties and Customs Account of the Quantity of Corn imported into Great Britain from Foreign Coun- tries with the Amount of the Duties collected thereon in the Year 1794 The like of British Corn exported from Great Britain to Foreign Parts, with the The like of Foreign Corn exported from Great Britain to Foreign Parts it. Man ib. STATE PAPERS. Protejl of Earl Stanhope respecting the introducing of Foreign Troops into this Country without the previous Confent of Parliament ib. The King's Speech to both Houses of Parliament on clofing the Seffion, July 11 Proteft of Earl Stanhope, on the Rejection of his Motion to delay the Transportation The Speech of the Speaker of the House of Commons on his giving the Thanks of the Houfe to the Managers of the Impeachment against Warren Haftings, Efq. 152 The King's Speech to both Houses of Parliament on opening the Seffion, Decem- ber 30 ib. Speech of his Excellency John Earl of Westmoreland, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, to |