Gothofred, Gotten

GOT

OTHOFRED, or GODFREY, DENIS or DIONY

GOTS, OFERED, GODFREY, DENIS OF DIONYS

burg houfe at Paris in 1549. Finding his country involved in the confufion of the leaguers, he accepted of a profeffor's chair at Geneva, until he was patronized and employed by Henry IV.; but being afterwards ftripped of his employments as a Huguenot, he at length retired to Heidelburg, from whence no offers were able to detach him. He was, however, difappointed of his intention to end his days there; for the disturbances that broke out in the Palatinate obliged him, in 1621, to take refuge in Strafburgh, where he died the following year. He wrote a great number of books; but his principal work is the Corpus Juris Civilis, cum notis.

GOTHOFRED, Theodore, fon of the former, was born at Geneva in 1580. As foon as he had finished his ftudies, he went to Paris; where he conformed to the Romish religion, and applied with indefatigable induftry to the ftudy of history, that of France particularly, wherein he became very eminent, as appears by his works. In 1632, the king made him one of his hiftoriographers, with a ftipend of 3000 livres; and, in 1636, he was fent to Cologne, to affift at the treaty of peace negociating there on the part of France, by the cardinal of Lyons. This treaty being removed to Munfter, Gothofred was fent thither, where he drew

up

Memoirs on the fubject; and continued in that city, in the king's fervice, to his death in 1649. His principal work is his "Account of the Ceremonial of the kings of France."

GOTTENBURG, or GOTHEBURG, a rich and ftrong town of Weft Gothland, in Sweden, with a good harbour, at the mouth of the river Gothelba; which is the beft fituated for foreign trade of any in Sweden, as it lies without the Sound. It occupies the fite of an ancient town, named Lodefe, which was built by Gustavus Vafa; and being endowed with confiderable privileges, foon became the great emporium for the trade of the western provinces. Charles IX. when duke of Gothland, having in 1604 laid the foundations of a new town in the ifland of Hifingen, at no great diftance from Lodefe, called it Gotheborg (fince corrupted into Gottenburg), in honour of his duchy. Upon his acceffion to the throne, he erected in his new town a trading company ; drew thither many foreigners, particularly the Dutch, to whom he allowed an exemption from all duties of export and import during 20 years; a corps of English and VOL. X. Part I.

GOT

Scots troops, under the command of William Stewart; Gottenand granted to the Calvinifts eftablished therein the free burg, Gottingen. exercise of their religion, the first place in Sweden where this toleration was permitted. The town being in 1611 reduced to athes by the Danes, was rebuilt in the reign of Guftavus Adolphus in its prefent fituation, and obtained a confirmation of its ancient rights, with the grant of feveral additional privileges.It is built in a very fingular fituation. At a fmall distance from the fea is a marshy plain, fcarcely more than half a mile in breadth, watered by the rivers Gotha and Moldal, and almost entirely enclofed with high ridges of rocks fo bare and rugged, that they fcarcely produce a fingle blade of grafs, and exhibit as barren an appearance as the fummits of the loftieft Alps. Gottenburg ftands partly upon the ridges, and partly in the plain; and is divided from thefe different fituations into the Upper and Lower Town. The latter is entirely level, interfected by feveral canals in the manner of the Dutch towns; and its houfes are all conftructed upon piles; the upper part hangs on the declivities; and rows of buildings rife one above the other like the feats of an amphitheatre. The whole is regularly fortified; and its circumference is near three miles, exclufive of the suburbs, called Hage, which lie toward the harbour. The ftreets are all uniformly ftraight: a few of the houses are of brick; but the generality are conftructed with wood painted red. The harbour is formed by two chains of rocks, and is about a quarter of a mile in breadth. Its entrance is defended by the fort of New Elfsborg, which ftands upon a fmall rocky iiland, and contains a garrifon of 250 men. There has been lately eftablished at Gottenburg a Royal Society of Sciences and Literature, upon the plan of that of Upfala.-Mr Coxe was informed by a merchant who had refided 22 years at Gottenburg, that, during that period, its population had increafed confiderably, and that it now contained about 30,000 inhabitants. This flourishing ftate is attributed to the extenfion of its commerce, particularly its Eaft India Company, and the fuccefs of the herring-fifhery. An English conful and feveral merchants of our nation refide at Gottenburg: and a chapel, with a regular chaplain, is appropriated to their ufe. E. Long. 11. 44. N. Lat. 57. 40.

GOTTINGEN, a confiderable town of Lower Saxony in Germany, and in the duchy of Brunfwick; formerly free and imperial, but afterwards fubject to the elector of Hanover. Here his late majefly George II. A

founded