Hessian crucible fused. 20577 Nickel melts. 21637 Iron melts. 21876 Manganese melts. Best Chinese porcelain softened. Nankin porcelain not softened. 23177 Platinum, molybdena, tungsten, and the more refractory of the metals, melt. Titanium most difficult to melt. 25127 Greatest heat observed. The above table presents a scale of temperatures designed to show the control of temperature over the phenomena of nature and of art, in their widest range, from the solidification of the gases, the freezing of mercury and water, to those delicate temperatures necessary to vegetable and animal life, existing on the landscape of Nature; and thence to those of the bleaching, boiling and baking temperatures, and the furnace heats, from the melting of tin and lead, to those of the carbonization and welding heats of iron, and the melting of the metals most difficult of fusion. Persons who have not given attention to the subject, have no idea of the importance of certain precise temperatures to the best performance of many processes in the useful arts. A variation of five degrees will often not only render an operation ineffective, but partially or entirely destroy the materials employed. Certain temperatures are doubtless, in like manner, essential to all natural phenomena. AMERICAN STATISTICS. (From the National Gazette.) A short time past we published some statistics relative to the number of soldiers supplied from the different States to the Revolutionary Army. De Bow's Commercial Review gives some tables relative to this and other subjects of equal interest, which we copy. 1. The number of soldiers furnished by the American States during the Revolution, and the population of each State in 1790 and in 1847. 2. Principal battles of the Revolution, their several dates, Commanders-inchief, and losses on each side. 3. Amount of Continental money issued to support the war, and the estimated cost in specie. 4. States admitted into the Union since the organization of the Federal Government in 1789, the date of admission, and the population at first census thereafter, and in 1847. 5. Area of the several States, population to each square mile, and the number of enrolled militia in the Union, estimated to 1847. The surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown, October 19, 1781, closed the war; prisoners 7,073. The whole expenses of the war, estimated in specie, amounted to $135,193,703. * 5,752 British taken prisoners. † For 1847, the estimate is from the Report on Patents; total, 20,746,000. VOL. I.-SEPTEMBER, 1848. 28 1,262,842 1,821,093 Total, This table does not represent truly the aid that Pennsylvania gave in the Revolution. The Bulletin explains the matter as follows: The number of soldiers furnished by Pennsylvania, is set down at 22,678, while Massachusetts with about the same population, is credited with 67,507. In one sense this is correct. Pennsylvania did furnish but 25.000 recruits, while Massachusetts sent 67,000. But there was this difference between the recruits; those from Pennsylvania were mostly enlisted for three years, or for the war; while those of Massachusetts generally entered the army but for nine months. Now, taking the Pennsylvania line at its lowest term of enlistment, we find it was renewed only once every three years, while, during this interval, the Massachusetts line was renewed four times, or once every nine months. In other words, the latter nominally furnished four men where the former furnished one: and this while having only the same number of soldiers in the field. At the end of the war, in making up a table of the recruits sent from each State, the quota of Massachu setts would seem to quadruple those of the other colonies, a most false and un warrantable conclusion. A better way to arrive at the truth is to calculate the Pennsylvania line as if it also had been renewed every nine months, in which case the recruits would have been just four times as great, or 100,000 men. Allowing that a portion of the quota of Massachusetts was enlisted for three years, or for the war, we are justified in concluding that the real force supplied by Massachusetts did not exceed even if it equalled that furnished by Pennsyl vania. DEBT AND FINANCES OF THE UNITED STATES. Statement of the debt of the United States on 4th March, 1845, amount since paid, and the balance of the debt remaining unpaid which was due on 4th of March, 1845, and the debt incurred since up to 20th June, 1848. Principal and interest of old funded and unfunded debt Treasury Notes issued during the war of 1812 Certificate of Mississippi Stock Debt of the corporate cities of the District of Columbia, 5 per cent., per act of May 20, 1836, payable $60,000 per annum Outstanding Treasury Notes of the issues of 1837 to 1843 Treasury Notes issued prior to 22d July, 1846, funded under act of Jan. 28, 1847, section 14, payable Dec. 31, 1847 Loan of July 21, 1841, pay able December 31, 1847 Loan of April 15, 1842, 6 per cent., payable December 31, 1862 Loan of March 3, 1843, 5 per cent., payable July 1, 1853 Total $16,327,559 37 $4,999,149 45 $17,788,799 62 $1,525,468 25 Loan of 22d July, 1846, at 6 per cent., payable Loan of 25th January, 1847, payable December Stock issued in payments of the 4th and 5th instalments of the Mexican indemnity, at 5 per cent., per act 10th August, 1846, payable after 9th August, 1851 Stock issued in payment of military bounty lands, at 6 per cent., per act of February 11, 1847, payable at pleasure of the Government 12,880,272 00 303,391 04 147,500 00 • Included in this sum is $126,728 for the reimbursement of Notes funded. By the act of 27th June, 1846, sec. 2, the sum of $64,500 was cancelled of the Loan of 15th of April, 1842. DANIEL GRAHAM, Register. TREASURY DEPARTMENT, Register's Office, June 21, 1848. The above sum of $48,196.321 86 is the aggregate amount of the Public Debt recorded in this office. Of that amount $31,868,762 49 (see above) has been incurred since the 1st July, 1846. There remains to be paid into the Treasury, under the act of 22d July, 1846, 28th January, 1847, and 31st of March, 1848, $17,582,128 55-making together, if the whole should be paid, the sum of $59,450,891 04, which may be estimated as the war debt as provided for by estimate up to 30th June, 1849. Statement of the public debt, March 4, 1841. Principal and interest of the old funded and unfunded debt, Treasury Notes of 1812-14, Mississippi Stock Certificates, Debt of the corporate cities in the District of Columbia, as sessed by Congress, Treasury Notes of 1837 to 1840 Total, $324,521 15 4,795 00 4,320 09 1,440,000 00 5,680,831 40 $7,454,467 64 PUBLIC LANDS. (From the last Report of the Land Commissioner.) The amount and disposition of the public lands of the United States is a subject of deep interest to the country. During the year 1846, 2,263,730 acres were sold, amounting to $2,904,637. In the 1st, 2d, and 3d quarters of 1847, 1,839,026 acres were sold, producing $2,366,352. The following is A STATEMENT OF PUBLIC LANDS-of incidental Expenses, and of payments into the Treasury, for the 1st, 2d, and 3d quarters of 1847. Acres. 1st and 2d Grand total 1,111,075.40 727,948.81 82,683 481,440,801 5849,796 59 896,883 47 |