The Revolt of the United Netherlands. With the Trial of Counts Egmont and Horn, and the Siege of Antwerp

of armed men. With sword in hand they stationed themselves behind the Dukes' chairs, and yet with much deferential respect they continued to receive every attention during their breakfast. When the warlike host entered the hall, the Duke of Alva changed colour, and the two men looked at each other in silence and dismay. Cut off from their army and surrounded by a superior body of armed men, what could they do but remain patient, and try to conciliate the offended lady as best they could? Henry of Brunswick recovered his composure first, and burst out into loud laughter. He adopted the wisest plau of making the whole proceeding appear ludicrous, and then addressed the Countess in terms of the highest praise for her motherly care of her subjects and for the resolute courage she had exhibited. He begged her not to distress herself, and undertook to persuade the Duke of Alva to do nothing but what was just. And, indeed, he succeeded in inducing Alva forthwith to despatch an order to his soldiers to return the cattle they had taken from the people without delay. As soon as the Countess of Schwarzburg had satisfied herself that the stolen cattle had been restored to their owners, she thanked her guests very graciously, and they very politely took their leave of her.

No doubt it was this act which obtained for the Countess the surname of the Heroic. She is further celebrated for her unwearied efforts in encouraging Protestantism in her dominions, this religion having been introduced into the country by her husband, Count Henry XXXVII., also in abolishing monkdom, and in improving the instruction given in the schools. Many of the Protestant preachers who were persecuted on account of their religion found protection and sustenance in her dominions. Among these was a certain Caspar Aquila, a pastor in Saalfeld, who in his younger years had followed the Emperor's army to the Netherlands as a field preacher. On one occasion, when he refused to baptise a cannon ball, the riotous soldiery determined to stuff the poor man into a bomb, and to shoot him into the air; this fate he fortunately escaped, as the powder would not take fire. His life was again in danger when the sum of 5000 gulden was offered for his head, because he had excited the

Emperor's anger by having spoken disparagingly of his interim from his pulpit. Catherine, on being appealed to by the Saalfeld people, allowed him secretly to take refuge in her castle, where she kept him concealed for several months, and he was taken care of there with the utmost humanity till he could again appear in public without danger. The Countess died, universally respected and lamented, in the fifty-eighth year of her age and the twenty-ninth of her reign. Her remains were consigned to the church of Rudolstadt.

INDEX.

ACTORS, Dutch, strolling, temp. | Angoulême, Duke of, and the St.

Chas. V., 35

Alba, Duke of. See Alva.
Alençon, Duke d', and the "Politi-

cians" party, 431, 434
Alva, Francis, Duke of, 67, 194,
195, 196; he advises King Philip,
189; his viceroyship determined
upon, 189, 219, 226; his coming
feared, 226, 231; his armament,
its appointments, etc., 234; the
army crosses the Alps of Savoy,
241, 377; his meeting with
Egmont, 242; arrival at Brussels,
242; flight of population as he
advances, 243, 248; his arrest of
Egmont, Horn, and the other
rebel noblemen, 248; his mea-
sures, and the resignation of the
Duchess Regent, 249, 254; his
Council of Twelve, 251; the
executions commenced, 265; trial
and execution of Egmont and
Horn, 263; European condemna-
tion of his severities, 264, 266;
Alva compared with Granvella,
97; his sternness, 12; Alva and
Philip II., 76; his and the Card.
of Lorraine's plot against Henry
Prince of Navarre (afterwards
Henry IV.), 389; and the Count-
ess of Schwarzburg, 436
Amboise, the conspiracy at, 334;
the treaty of, 373
Amsterdam, 27, 35

Anabaptists, the, 159; measures
against, 121, 153

Bartholomew massacre, 419, 422
Anjou, Duke of, 379, 386; his
victory over Coligny at Moncon-
tour, 394, 395, 396; and h's
brother Charles IX., 409, 417;
and the St. Bartholomew mas-
sacre, 419, 421; is made King of
Poland, 431, 433; as Henry III.
of France, 433

Anquetil, his " Esprit de la Ligue,"
317, 343, 382, 406, 413
Antoine of Bourbon, King of Na-
varre, 327, 330; project to assas-
sinate him, 341; and Catherine
de Medici, 348; he joins the
Catholic party, 354; his death,

369

Antwerp, under Charles V., 27; its
free fairs, ib.; the Hanseatic
League at, 28; appeals against
the Inquisition, 85; the spirit of
revolt in, 129; Brederode at, 151;
the Gueux agitations in, 163;
the image-breaking riots in, 175;
the cathedral, etc., devastated,
177; William of Orange in, 210;
the Protestant contentions there,
ib.; dread there of Alva's ap-
proach, 226; triumphal entry of
the regent, Margaret, 1557, 227;
siege of, by the Prince of Parma,
1584-5, 273, 313: William of
Orange's plan of defence by in-
undation, 283; opposition of the
butchers to it, 283; the plan
adopted, 304; the fight against

famine, 284; the Prince of
Parma's floating "stockade
the Scheldt, 285, 293; factions
in the besieged city, 283; Giani-
belli's floating mines for blowing
up Parma's "stockade," 295,
explosion of the mines, and nar-
row escape of the Prince, 299;
restoration of the "stockade,"
302; the surrender of Antwerp,
313. See also 24, 35, 37, 40, 42,
82, 110

Aquila, Caspar, pastor of Saalfeld,
438

Aremberg, Count, 94, 106

Armada, Philip's, against England,

Besme and Petrucci, murderers of
Coligny, 422

Beza, Theodore, or De Bêze, his
music to Marot's version of the
Psalms, 322; at the conference
of Poissy, 353

Bible, circulation of the, at the
Reformation, 36

Bibliography of the Dutch Revolt.
See Historians; also their names.
Birague, René de, and the St.
Bartholomew massacre, 419
Bomberg, Anton von, 205
Bostu, the Count of, 70
Bourbon, Cardinal of, 340
Bourbon, Henry of. See Henry IV.
Bourbons, the, of Navarre, their as-
sistance to Protestantism in France,
320, 327, 330; their opposition
to the Guises, 327, 330, 338, 344
Bourg, Anne du, Councillor, execu-
tion of, 329

Brabant, its people, the pioneers of
freedom in Holland, 15, 22; its
"joyful entry" statutes, 84; its
opposition to the Inquisition, 84.
See also 42, 52, 70, 127, 129.
Brabant, the League of, 275
Brabanters and Flemings, 58
Brederode, Henry, Count, 134; his
address at Antwerp, 151; as
head of the Gueux, 146, 149, 163;
and the oath, 218; at Viane, 204,
229; his retirement and death,
230. See also 70, 157

Bruges, 23, 24, 25, 26, 83, 110
Brussels, Philip II.'s entry into, 39,
40; the nobles conspire in, 133;
the Gueux confederacy the re,
146; the image-breaking rots
there, 179; executions in, under
Alva's rule. See Egmont and
Horn, etc.; and the siege of Ant-
werp, 276; surrenders to the
Spanish power, 294

Burgundian States, the, 38
Burgundias on William of Orange,

145

Burgundy, Dukes of, their rule in
the Netherlands, 19, 25

CABRIÈRES, massacres in, 321
Calais, English loss of, 325, 369
Calvin, publication of his "insti-
tutes," 322

Calvinism, in France, temp. Francis

I., etc., 322; and Lutheranism,
rivalry of, 322

Calvinists, the, 129; and William
of Orange, 223. See also under
Protestants, etc.
Capi-Lupi, historian, 406
Capizucchi at the siege of Antwerp,
276, 311

Casembrot, John von, 184; his
execution, 265

Casimir, Margrave, 380

Catherine de Medici, Queen, 324,
327; as regent of France, 342;
and the Guises and Bourbons,
342; her character, 345; her
belief in astrology, 346; at the
conference of Poissy, 353; hetween
Catholics and Protestants, 357,
362; forced to join the party of
the Guises, 361; and the Guises,
371, 385; she turns against the
Reformers, 382; and her chan-
cellor, De l'Hôpital 383; and the
St. Bartholomew massacre, 406,
415, 482

Catholic clergy, ignorance and im-
morality of, at the time of the
Reformation, 320
Catholics, joined with the Huguenots
against the Guises, 331; excesses
of, and of the Huguenots, 385
Character in individuals, 46
Charlemagne, the Netherlands
under, 18
Charles V., Emperor, the Nether-
lands under, 30-42; his curtail-
ment of the liberties of the
Netherlanders, 32; his cruelties,
33, 37; his political wisdom, 33;
difference of his rule in Germany
and in the Netherlands, 36; he
tries to introduce the Spanish
Inquisition, 37; grandeur of his
reign, 38; was more a Nether-
lander than a Spaniard, 39; his

Charles VIII. of France, his reign,
317

Charles IX. of France, accession as
a child, 343, 344; and Coligny,
376; is rescued by the Swiss,
378; and the regency of his
mother, 383; and his brother the
Duke of Anjou, 395, 409; and
the Guises, 402; his conduct be-
fore the St. Bartholomew mas-
sacre, 404, 415; he gives the
signal for the massacre, 421; his
remorse and death, 432
Charles of Anjou, 7
Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy,
19; his death, 20
Chateau Cambresis, the peace of,
62, 74, 79
Chatellerault, 393

Chatillon Castle, etc., burnt, 395
Chatillon family and the Protestant
party, 358, 361, 385. See also
under Coligny.
Christiana, Duchess of Lorraine, 65
Church, Roman Catholic, in the

Netherlands, reform of, attempted,
82. See also under Roman Ca-
tholic, etc.

Churches robbed and desecrated by
the Huguenots, 366, 386
Churches, Protestant, erection of,
after the image-breaking riots,

191

Claudius Civilis, his address to his

fellow Batavians, 16

Clergy, opposition of, to the Trent
decrees, 127

Coligny, Admiral, and the Hugue-
nots, 133, 330; and Renaudie's
conspiracy, 334; as leader of the
French Protestant party, 372,

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The Revolt of the United Netherlands. With the Trial of Counts Egmont and ...