TO

THE REV. JOHN ROWLANDS

AND TO

THE MEMORY OF

PROFESSOR EDWARD HENRY PALMER

AND

THE REV. F. W. HOLLAND

THE EARLIEST

THE MOST EMINENT

AND THE MOST WIDELY EXPERIENCED

OF ENGLISH EXPLORERS

IN THE SEARCH

FOR

KADESH-BARNEA

THIS VOLUME IS DEDICATED

BY

AN AMERICAN FOLLOWER IN THEIR TRACK

AND ADMIRER OF THEIR

SPIRIT AND WORK.

(1.) IN STORY AND IN PROPHECY, 15. (2.) FROM SINAI TO KADESH, 16. (3.)

LIGHTS AND SHADOWS AT KADESH, 17. (4.) THE LINKINGs of Kadesh, 24.

II.

KADESH-BARNEA:

BIBLICAL INDICATIONS OF ITS SITE.

(1.) THE FIRST CAMPAIGN OF HISTORY, 31. (2.) KEDOR-LA'OMER'S ROUTE, 35.

(3.) A STRATEGIC HALTING-PLACE, 42. (4) THE WILDERNESS OF THE WALL, 44.

(5.) A TYPICAL TRAINING-PLACE, 58. (6.) Gerar and BerED, 61. (7.) THE

MOUNTAIN OF THE AMORITES, 65. (8.) PARAN AND ZIN, 67. (9.) AN ELEVEN

DAYS' COURSE, 71. (10.) THE WAY OF MOUNT SEIR, 74. (11.) THE AMORITE

HILL-COUNTRY ROAD, 80. (12.) The Border of Edom, 83. (13.) A SWEEP TO

GAZA, 102. (14.) THE PROMISED LAND'S SOUTHERN BOUNDARY, 106. (15.)

SEL'A-PETRA-THE ROCK, 124. (16.) THE LOCATION OF MOUNT HOR, 127. (17.)

THE TIME BETWEEN STATIONS, 139. (18.) KADESH IN THE LIST OF STATIONS, 147.

III.

KADESH-BARNEA:

ANCIENT REFERENCES TO IT OUTSIDE OF THE BIBLE TEXT.

(1.) IN THE EGYPTIAN RECORDS, 159. (2.) IN THE APOCRYPHA, 165. (3.) IN

THE RABBINICAL WRITINGS, 167. (4.) IN THE EARLY CHRISTIAN NAME LISTS, 178.

IV.

KADESH-BARNEA:

LATER ATTEMPTS AT ITS IDENTIFYING.

(1.) WHY IT DROPPED FROM NOTICE, 185. (2.) A GLEAM DURING THE CRU-

SADES, 186. (3.) NATURAL MISTAKES OF MEDIEVAL WRITERS, 188. (4.) BEGIN-

NINGS OF FULLER RESEARCH, 191. (5.) FRESH HINTS AND SURMISES FROM

DESERT TRAVEL, 203. (6.) ROBINSON'S PROPOSED IDENTIFICATION, 208. (7.)

ROWLANDS'S DISCOVERY, 211. (8.) THE CONFUSION OF SITES, 216. (9.) FAIL-

URES TO RE-FIND ROWLANDS'S SITE, 229.

V.

KADESH-BARNEA:

STORY OF A HUNT FOR IT.

(1.) ITS ARAB GUARDIANS, 237. (2.) A MID-DESERT STARTING POINT, 243.

(3.) FAVORING CIRCUMSTANCES AT NAKHL, 247. (4.) A MOVE NORTHWARD, 253.

(5.) YANKEE CATECHISING, 255. (6.) A RESTLESS NIGHT, 259. (7.) HELP FROM

A NOTABLE DRAGOMAN, 260. (8.) OFF FROM THE MAIN TRACK, 263. (9.) DES-

ert Dangers, 265. (10.) TRACES OF OLD-TIME OCCUPANCY, 269. (11.) HOPE

DEFERRED, 271. (12.) THE LOST SITE RE-FOUND, 272. (13.) A BLOODLESS EN-

COUNTER, 275. (14.) A PLACE OF PILGRIMAGE, 277. (15.) LOST IN THE Desert,

278. (16.) AN ANCIENT VILLAGE, 280. (17.) 'AYN EL-QADAYRÂT Discovered,

282. (18.) A RIDE IN THE DARKNESS, 284. (19.) INTO CAMP AGAIN, 286. (20.)

A SECOND DAY'S PLAN, 287. (21.) THE THIRD WELL VISITED, 288. (22.)

ANOTHER LANDMARK RECOGNIZED, 289. (23.) AN ARAB'S SHort Cut, 292.

(24.) OWDY'S USE OF SALT, 293. (25.) A CAMP AT EL-'AUJEH, 295. (26.)

ABAB MODE OF BALANCING AN ACCOUNT, 296. (27.) AN 'AZÂZIMEH PRO-

TEST, 298.

VI.

KADESH-BARNEA:

THE SITES COMPARED.

(1.) SUGGESTED IDENTIFICATIONS, 303. (2.) THE TWO REPRESENTATIVE

SITES, 304. (3.) CLAIMS FOR 'AYN EL-WAYBEH, 305. (4.) OBJECTIONS TO 'AYN

EL-WAYBEH, 306. (5.) OBJECTIONS TO 'AYN QADEES, 309. (6.) THE ARGUMENT

FOR 'AYN QADEES, 311. (7.) FAIR CONCLUSIONS, 320.

THE ROUTE OF THE EXODUS.

A SPECIAL STUDY.

(1.) THE BARRIER TO ISRAEL'S PASSAGE, 325. (2.) KHETAM AND ETHAM, 327.

(3.) THE THREE ROADS DESERTWARD, 337. (4.) THE PHILISTIA ROAD, 338.

(5.) THE WALL ROAD, 340. (6.) THE YAM SOOPH ROAD, 352. (7.) THE MANY

MIGDOLS, 364. (8.) No CITIES ON THE ROUTE, 379. (9.) TAKING TIME AND

BAKHSHEESH, 384. (10.) THE PLACE OF RENDEZVOUS, 392. (11.) THE FIRST

UNITED MOVE, 395. (12.) A SHARP TURN AND ITS PURPOSE, 396. (13.) THEO-

RIES OF THE ROUTE, 402. (14.) THE LAST CAMP WITHIN THE WALL, 405. (15.)

UNLOOKED-FOR PURSUIT, 423. (16.) The Great Wall Flanked, 425. (17.)

POINTS NOW MADE CLEAR, 429.