Such matrons would bear us Washingtons for the field, Henrys for the forum, and Hamiltons for the council. We know that it is common to ascribe the rise of master spirits to the force of circumstances; in particular, to refer the production of the most conspicuous sages and heroes of the revolution, to the exigencies of the times; and doubtless their influence in this respect, was great; but in our opinion we have had but one George Washington, because we have had but one Mary Washington.

Volsci to wreak his vengeance on his native Rome; | to doubt the durability of the Republic would be to she, destitute of means to meet him in battle, sends doubt the influence of virtue and intelligence. forth a deputation of aged senators to propose submissively terms of accommodation, but in vain. Rome, now in terror, supposing that he who despised men might reverence the gods, delegates her venerable priests, arrayed in those awful emblems of religion which every Roman trembled to behold-but the impious Coriolanus remains inexorable in his purpose of destroying his country. Roman men were now in despair; not so Roman women. The wife and mother of the haughty foe with his children go to his camp, where the aged Before we draw to a close, we wish to call the mother addresses him in a speech, which, though attention of fathers to one more argument for the short, we regard as one of the finest pieces of elo- thorough education of daughters, viz: If by any quence extant, and therefore beg leave to give a of the thousand casualties to which flesh is heir, translation, though it is of that indignant, terse your property should be stripped from you, there style which always suffers by a translation. The are innumerable ways by which your sons may reproud, aristocratic Coriolanus is in the act of de-trieve their circumstances; they may seek their scending from his lofty seat to embrace his aged fortunes on the treacherous main-they may plunge mother. She repulses him—and thus eloquently into unknown wilds and barter with the wily savage; clothes her feelings in words: "Before I receive in short, custom approves any mode of repairing your embrace, allow me to know whether I have come to a son, or an enemy? Am I a captive, or a mother in your camp? Have I arrived to a long life and an unhappy old age for this-first to behold you an exile, and then an enemy? Could you have the heart to destroy this land which has given you birth and nourished you? Although you came with fell hate, and threatened purpose, did not your wrath depart when you entered her limits? Did it not occur to you when Rome arose to view, that within those walls are my home, my household gods, my mother, my wife, my children? And then had I never been a mother, Rome had not been attacked; had I never had a son, I might die free in a free country. But henceforth I can suffer nothing that will not bring more disgrace upon you than distress upon me. But although I am very miserable, I shall not be so long. Cast your eyes upon these dear objects, whom, if you persist, either an untimely death, or protracted servitude awaits." The steel-clad, iron-hearted warrior relented; and Rome was saved again by woman!

Let us have a nation of females, of a high degree, of intellectual and moral cultivation; and, though our politicians should become venal, and the profits of high places the only motive for aspiring to them; though the bark of state, shorn of her once gallant trim-her chart gone, her compass broken, her Palinurus asleep should be drifting into the Charybdis of consolidation, or upon the Scylla of disunion, she shall eventually make a safe port, because there will be a conservative principle and a fair conservator around the sacred hearth-stone of domestic affection. Knowledge, saith Lord Bacon, is power; knowledge joined to the influence of love is omnipotent.

With a nation of virtuous and enlightened females to lay the foundation of masculine character,

their estate which leaves their honesty untarnished. But such are the restrictions placed by society upon your daughters, your tender daughters, whom you do not suffer the "winds of heaven to visit too roughly," that in a reverse of fortunes, they must have education to sustain them in, or to keep them near to the rank in which they were born-otherwise they must sink below it.

Finally, we call upon the young statesmen of our country, who are reaping laurels in the halls of legislation, but who look beyond these stormy arenas to a serene happiness in the haven of domestic life, and value yet more than their laurels the anticipated myrtle-wreath with which love shall crown them, to exert themselves to wipe away the reproach of neglecting female education.

LINES.

Underneath yon aged tree
A fountain bubbles merrily,
Whose crystal waters serve to fill
The current of yon laughing rill,
That sweepeth murmuring along
Like broken note of distant song,
More sluggish as it onward goes,
Subsiding into calm repose.

N. CAROLINA.

'Tis moonlight! What on earth so fair,
As moonlight by the waters there?
While all fair things, soft-mingling, move
The soul of man in kindly love;
And o'er the soul what else hath power
Like beauty in the moonlit hour,
When the clos'd lip hath been unseal'd,
And the heart's mysteries reveal'd,
And love triumphant dares defy
Suspicion, fear, and jealousy.

originating with one man, whose commanding ge- distinguished for its expressiveness, which arises nius consolidated the roving tribes hitherto disinte- from its copiousness, in which it surpasses all langrated as the sands of their own deserts, burst through guages. Of this feature it will be sufficient to reall opposition, and extended itself from the pillars of mark, that some objects will have several hundred Hercules even to the Ganges. Nor was the en- names, each expressive of some slight modification thusiasm in the cultivation of letters, which fol- in the thing described. For a serpent, there are lowed their conquests, less ardent than the desire two hundred different appellatives; for a lion, five had been to extend their empire and propagate the hundred; and for a sword, above a thousand. This religion of the Koran. When the world was re- richness is not the result of combination, as in the lapsing into pristine darkness, and the dying rays Sanscrit, Greek and German, (for in no language of philosophy and learning shone faint amid the are there fewer compounds,) but of derivation from gloom of the cloisters of the church, they caught primitive roots-some of which admit even three up the fallen lamp of science, and recalled the hundred inflexions. Hence the Arab may boast generous flame that was the light of nations. with truth, that no man uninspired can be a perfect Schools, colleges and libraries, were established master of the language in its vast and almost limitwherever they planted their dominion-and the less extent. arts, sciences and literature, illumined with their

The varied sublimity and beauty of the features smile the desolating path of the scymitar and of nature which the Arab was accustomed to contemplate-barren sands and fertile plains-rug

crescent.

The Arabic language is one of the subjections ged mountains and blooming vallies-deformity and of the Shemitic family, and may be divided into beauty-fertility and desolation-tended greatly to the ancient, the literal, and the vulgar Arabic. Of enliven his fancy and give rise to luxuriant imagethe ancient Arabic there were two dialects-the ry; while his pastoral habits, and rites of hosHamyaric, spoken in Hadramant, Arabia Deserta, pitality, and the blandishments of love, stirred the and the eastern portions in general; and the Ko- tender affections: and the pride of ancestry-the reish, which was used in the western parts, par- chivalry of courage and warlike expeditions—the ticularly in Hejas and the vicinity of Mecca. The inroad-the foray-the onslaught and the vicHamyaric was written in an alphabet called Mus-tory, filled all his soul with the enthusiasm, the nad, but neither records nor existing monuments wild pathos and the poetry of excited life. have preserved either the alphabet or the dialect;| so that both are extinct.

And in proportion as he enjoyed the present, he desired to live in the future. He could not enThe Koreish was much cultivated and refined in dure the thought that his fame should be bounded the seventh century by Mahomet and his adhe- by the narrow confines of a fleeting life, but wished. rents, and was the dialect in which the Koran was when he should dally no longer with the tresses of written. It thus became the written and literal the dark-eyed maids of the desert-when the fires language of Arabia, and is still considered the of hospitality should no longer direct the stranger to learned and sacred language, and is indispensable his tent, and his scymitar cease to light the path of to all true Mussulmen; although it has long ceased victory-to form the subject of many an evening to be a means of oral communication. The Koran tale, and live in the recollections of mankind as was originally written, it is most probable, in the the gallant lover, the beneficent host, or the hero Musnad alphabet. The Nishki followed, and was of a thousand battles.

succeeded by the Cufic alphabet, from which two To this desire of posthumous renown is to be are derived the graceful forms of the characters in use at present.

mainly attributed the rise of poetry and oratory among the Arabs; and hence we find they cultThe vulgar Arabic is spoken in Arabia, Syria, vated them at an early age. But as they had not Mesopotamia, Egypt, Persia, a portion of Nubia, letters to fix their language, and record events and Barbary, and some of the African deserts. Of the illustrious deeds, it is reasonable to suppose that modern or vulgar Arabic, are many dialects, differ- they bestowed especial attention on poetry as the ing from each other in a trifling degree. The best calculated to preserve them. The uncrittes dialect of Yemen has always been considered the archives of their tribes, connected by measure and purest that of Mecca the most corrupt, probably rhythm, might be committed with more security to on account of the communication with devotees the airy depositories of the mind than when de from all the Mahometan countries. Besides these livered in mere prose; for, to borrow a sentence dialects are the Bedoween, peculiar to the desert, from Abu Teman, one of their writers, Fine the Syrian, Druse, Maronite, Mapul, Mogrebin of sentiments delivered in prose are like gems scatBarbary, and others. tered at random, but when confined in poetta

The Arabian language is remarkably flexible, measure they resemble bracelets and strings of adapted alike to the fanciful jeu de mot, delicate or pearls;" and one link in the shining chain suf piquant satire, bold sublimity, playful wit, or the ficeth to bring out the lengthened beauty of the tender pathos of love and lamentation. It is also whole.

The poet was therefore no mean personage, as he vindicated the virtues and exploits of his tribe from oblivion, but stood in the affections of the people next to the chief. His rise was celebrated with solemn pomp, and his first successful essays on the lyre commemorated by music and banquetings.

notice one in particular-a direct reference to the Manah, a spirit in the form of a bird, supposed to issue from the brain of a person dying, and to watch upon his grave until the resurrection. It occurs in chapter xxi. 32, which ought to be rendered, "He shall be brought to the grave, and shall watch upon the upraised mound." The idiom While this distinction among his own tribe flat-is Arabic. More concise, energetic, and elegantly tered his youthful fancy, the contests at the an- conformed to poetic rule than the Hebrew, it renual Panegyrical Convocations, and the literary sembles the Arabic in its construction, and condisplays of the different tribes at the fairs of Ocadh, tains many phrases peculiar to the old writers of with the prospective glory of seeing his prize poem that country. In fine, it has every mark neceshung up "in capitals" of gold in the temple of sary to define its Arabic origin. Mecca, offered inducements worthy the enthusiasm of the strongest intellect.

In the review which we purpose giving of Arabie Literature, we shall consider it as embraced in the following periods: 1st. From the earliest times to Mahomet. 2nd. From Mahomet to the extinction of the Caliphate. 3rd. From the ex-tinction of the Caliphate to the present time.

The oldest Arabic production is unquestionably the Book of Job, which is incorporated with the Hebrew writings. To a casual observer, it is evident that it stands alone in the Sacred Volume, and has but little reference to the affairs of the Hebrews; while, on a close examination, the scene where it is located, the personages, the delineation of manners, the theology and the philosophy introdaced, and the peculiar idiom in which it is written, evidently proclaim its Arabic origin.

While all admit the antiquity of this poem, much diversity of opinion exists relative to its authorship and its real or fictitious history. Some attribute it to Moses-some to Job himself; while others suppose it to be written by Elihu. It is regarded as a real history by some commentators; others consider Job a fictitious personage, and the whole poem a fable to encourage virtue; while, in the estimation of others, it is an allegory of the Hebrew polity.

That Job was not a fictitious character is certain from inspiration itself; for Ezekiel speaks of Job as a real personage, in connection with Noah and Daniel. Besides Ezekiel, other inspired writers refer to him as a real character. Admitting it to be a true narrative, its authorship must belong either to Job or one of his contemporaries-though it is most reasonable to suppose that The scene is laid in Uz, that part of Arabia he whose whole soul was electrified by the shock which derived its name from Uz, the son of Na- of passion, would be the best fitted to pour forth chor, the brother of Abraham; and subsequently the tale of his sorrows in that strong and impasknown as Idumea. The personages are Arabians: sioned poetry which is the language of suffering Job of the land of Uz; Eliphaz a descendant of nature. Eliphuz, the son of Esau of Teman, a city of western Idumea, named after the son of the first Eliphaz; Bildad the Shuhite, a descendant of Shuah, one of Abraham's sons by Keturah; Zophar of Naama contiguous to Idumea; and Elihu of Buz adjacent to Teman. The manners are pastoral and truly Arabian. The theology is conformable It is a question of the critics, adhuc sub lite, o that which was common to the called of Abra- whether it be proper to consider this sublime comam and the descendants of Nahor, (for God was position as a drama, or an epic poem; upon which he "God of Nahor" as well as of Abraham: Gen. we may remark respecting both of these views, xi. 53) before sacrifice was confined to one altar: with Sir Roger de Coverley, "that much remains and while yet God was called Shaddai, the Al- to be said on both sides of the question." While nighty, and not Jehovah. The philosophy is mani- it has many peculiarities, in common both with the estly Arabian. The familiar mention of different regular drama and the epic poem, it cannot be onstellations by name, shows that advances had said to conform, in all respects, to the fixed rules een made in the study of astronomy-a science of either. As a drama, it is true it has its persona hich was cultivated in Arabia at an early period. and dialogue, and its delineation of character;Jaruch, Jeremiah and Obadiah, make especial men- but it has not a regular plot; that is, incidents sucion of the learning of the Idumeans; while ancient ceeding each other necessarily and connectedly, profane writers refer the rise of philosophy, and influencing each other, and combining the whole specially of astronomy, to Arabia. Diodorus, in a regular solution. Besides, the dialogue is not Plato, Cicero and Lucian, all concur in this opi- maintained simply by the persona; the writer is on. Among many philosophical views found in introduced, and by his narration continues the hishe Book of Job, peculiar to the Arabs, we will tory and connects the different portions of the dia

It is probable that the work was rendered into Hebrew by Moses, and that he wrote the first, second, and last chapters. In these, we find the term Jehovah instead of Shaddai, which was the name of God in the patriarchal age, and which occurs thirty times in the poem.

ETHAN ALLEN.

logue. The Greek drama had nothing of this. The whole was carried on without the intervention of the poet. The chorus of the Greeks was the WRITTEN ON VISITING HIS TOMB, NEAR BURLINGTON, VT.

only thing at all resembling this feature in the Book of Job-but did not, like it, keep up the connection by mere prosaic recital, nor by a single person.

It contains, upon the whole, rather more characteristics of the epos than of the drama, and it would therefore, perhaps, be more conformable to strict propriety to assign it a place among epic poems. Unity, dignity, and interest of subject, delineation of character, machinery, nodus or intrigue, and all the constituents of the genuine epic, with the exception of episode, are to be found in this ancient composition. At the same time, however, it must be confessed, that there is a much greater portion of dialogue than is usual in the conduct of a regular epic poem. The poet himself appears only at intervals, and then merely for the purpose of connecting together the several parts.

In treating of epic composition, Aristotle has expressed an opinion, that the calamities of a good man do not form a proper subject for the epos. However agreeable to the Heathen theology this opinion may be, which regarded all afflictions as the immediate display of the vengeance of the gods, yet it is adverse to the doctrines of Christianity, which, looking rather to a future state of existence for just rewards and punishments, teaches that the virtuous and good are obnoxious to the difficulties and distresses of human life. So far from it being the fact that the sorrows of the good man do not form an interesting subject for epic narrative, there is no spectacle more truly sublime or worthy of admiration, than that of the pious and good man in affliction holding fast his integrity, with serene countenance sustaining his load of sorrows, and, with unshaken confidence in God, looking for their removal when Providence shall have answered its wise though unsearchable purposes. What in the whole range of epic fact or fiction— of the dignity of princes-the courage of bloodstained heroes, or the constancy of ambitious adventurers, can be compared with the sublime majesty, the magnanimity, the pious endurance of the afflicted man of Uz? Their's is adventitious glory-the glory of circumstance and place, or of power, which that place conferred. His glory is exclusively his own-the glory of a mighty spirit, self-sustained amidst the wreck of fortune, calamity, and the scoffs of the ungodly. In the zenith of prosperity, clouds and tempest gathered around him; and his glory, like that of the sun in his noonday brightness, was obscured; but the light of his virtues dispelled the darkness, and he shone forth again in his strength with redoubled splendor and beauty.

BY RUFUS W. GRISWOLD.
So here, beneath this old gray stone,
Lies hid the light that brightest shone
Upon our green clad mountains, when
Were "tried the souls" of patriot men.
Beneath this soil, from tyrants won,
Repose the ashes of her son,

The hero of her day of gloom,
Who made the land, (a dreary waste
While under Slavery's minions placed,)

Like Eden's garden bloom.

The mountains were our watch-towers then,
And guarded by right gallant men,

Who flung their banner to the breeze,
And filled the welkin with their cry,

To win their freedom or to die.

The sound went booming o'er the scas,
And vassals in the ancient world

Beheld the broad flags of the free,
O'er hill and valley, stream and sea,
Like sheets of living flame unfurled.

They caught the spirit of our sires,
And men, like him who sleeps beneath,
Who knelt to but one victor, Death,

On Europe's plains lit Freedom's fires:
The Switzer and the Tyrolese,
The bondmen of the isles of Greece,

Woke from the sleep of centuries;
The turbaned Tyrant and the Czar
Saw in the rising of our star

The fate of old idolatries;
And trembled when an ALLEN smote,
Were he a Pole or Suliote.

"Sir Guy" said tomb would never hold
A chief so restless and so bold

As thou full oft dids't prove thyself—
That thou would'st make its cerements start
By some infernal Yankee art,

And spurn the bonds of Death himself.
But false the prophecy: inurned
Where thy bright share the greensward turned,
When Peace, with garlands crowned, her car
Rode o'er the fields made red by war;
Thy ashes rest in deep repose,
Unawakened by the tramp of foes-
The only reveillé to start
Ancw to life a soldier's heart.

Thy soul, translated from its corse,
Thou saidst would find a mountain horse,
A spirited and warlike steed
Of matchless form and giant frame,
Snow-white and with an eye of flame,

A charger of the finest breed,
In which it might "a life" remain
To snuff the air and paw the plain,
Beneath the same clear skies that gave
Light to thy natal place and grave.
For thou did'st love thy land,
And cared not, maybe, it to barter
For doubtful title in that quarter,

Where some think thou wert contraband'
Brave soldier! not a Spartan thou,

Nor hero of the Roman mould-
We will not deign to deck thy brow

With wreath worn by the men of old.