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102. How had the English language, as well as the English mind and character, been enriched?

103. How had the Church of Rome hindered this salutary influence?

104. How did the exasperation of the people finally express itself? 105. Who was foremost among those who wrote against the abuses practised by the emissaries of Rome ?

106. Describe the "Vision of Piers Plowman."

107. What influence had this simple poem ?

108. What was the name and nature of a book written a few years

later by the same author?

109. Who had then become the most powerful champion of truth? 110. Describe him.

III. Give an account of his work.

II2 How did the Church of Rome try to put a stop to the energetic work of Wycliffe ?

113. What effect did these persecutions have upon Wycliffe's course ?

114. What caused many of his influential friends to desert him? 115. What did he finally come to think concerning the permanent enlightenment of the people?

116. How was this great work accomplished?

117. What facilities existed at that time for disseminating this precious truth among the people?

118. How did they appreciate this first Bible in their own tongue? 119. Who was the most polished and versatile writer of the four

teenth century?

120. What may be said of his writings, and of the difficulty in reading them?

121. Describe his advantages.

122. What was the character of his writings?

123. What may be said in particular of his descriptions of

nature ?

124. What spirit characterizes his writings, and how does it affect his readers?

125. What are some of the objectionable features of his writings? 126. What prompted Sir John Mandeville to spend so many years in visiting foreign countries?

127. What were his facilities for traveling?

128. How did he become acquainted with distant nations ?

129. Describe his experiences on reaching home.

130. What were some of the arguments produced by him to show that the world is spherical?

131. How long was this before the discovery of America by Columbus?

132. What opinion of Mandeville's writings is given in the International Cyclopedia ?

133. How was the fourteenth century distinguished from those that had just preceded it?

134. Who have been presented as the representative authors of the century?

135. What has been the chief object of presenting them in this

outline ?

136. What may be given as one reason why so many people of England could not read at that time?

137. Show how the literary productions of the century were of such a nature as to inspire in all classes of people a desire to read.

CHAPTER FIVE.

From Wycliffe and Chaucer to Milton.

138. How long a period is covered by this chapter?

139. From what event is it reckoned, and with what event does it close ?

140. Who were the representative writers of the period that immediately preceded this?

141. Which of them was the greatest genius ?

142. Which was the most successful philanthropist ?

143. For what purpose did each of them write?

144. What may be said of the writings and writers of the next two hundred years?

145. What remarkable change took place toward the close of the sixteenth century?

146. Who are here taken as the representative men of this

period?

147. From what causes did poetry, during this period, steadily improve in ease and grace of expression?

148 When was the printing-press first used on the continent of Europe?

149. When, and by whom, was the first book printed in England? 150. How extensively did he print?

151. What effects would the use of the printing-press naturally produce upon the people and the literature of the nation? 152. What did the art of printing especially encourage?

153. How was this manifested?

154. What great work was set on foot at this time for the benefit of the common people?

155: Who are most prominent among these translators of the

Bible?

156. What may be said of the character and conduct of Henry VIII ?

157. Describe the persecutions and fate of Tyndale ?

158. Why did the English need a new translation of the Bible? 159. What was the character of Tyndale's translation?

160. What effect has it had upon the English language, even down to the present day?

161. What two men about this time undertook to improve the tone of English literature?

162. What seems to have been their ultimate aim?

163. How was Sidney cut short in his career?

164. What did Spenser write at this time?

165. Describe the plan of the poem ?

166. What does Southey say of Spenser?

167. What did Hallam think of him?

168. What may be said of the motive and aim of Spenser ?

169. What was the whole poem meant to be?

170. When freed from the allegory, what does Gloriana represent? 171. Of what is Prince Arthur an emblem?

172. How has this great poem been received?

173. How did it rank in the time it was written ?

174. What tendency of the age was exemplified in the "Faerie Queen "?

175. How had the church employed scenic representations?

176. Describe the moral plays that had succeeded the miracle

plays ?

177. What bold advance did Spenser make in the use of scenic representations?

178. Describe the rise and the object of the drama.

179. What was its influence, and why?

180. Where were the worst effects seen, and from what causes? 181. What effect did the drama have upon the English lan

guage?

182. What may be said of the better class of dramatic writers of this period?

183. What must be admitted concerning some of the others? 184. What tribute must be given to the course and character of

Shakespeare?

185. How did he value his own writings?

186. How are they generally regarded?

187. What blemishes do they contain?

188. Who was the greatest philosopher of this period?

189. What did he set forth in the clearest manner?

190. What were some of the principles that he laid down?

191. What mistake did he show that philosophers had been making?

192. What did he say about methods of investigation?

193. What hindered Bacon in accomplishing all that he under

took ?

194. Why did he covet wealth and influence?

195. What effect have his writings produced?

196. What was the character of Richard Hooker?

197. What was the strongest element in his greatness? 198. How did he manifest his goodness?

199. How did he rank among literary men?

200. What was his record at school? At the university? 201. What did his merits as a preacher secure for him? 202. How did he acquit himself in this important position?

203. Why did he beg to be removed to some quiet parsonage ?

204. What does Hallam say of his writings?

205. How do they appear to the modern reader?

206. Give the substance of the paragraph quoted from him.

CHAPTER SIX.

Literature of the Seventeenth Century.

207. During what period did the drama monopolize the genius of the English people?

208. Describe the decline of the drama,

209. Contrast the course of the idlers and pleasure-seekers with that of the more sober-minded.

210. What may be said of the authors of this period?'

211. Why are the prose-writings of this period presented first? 212. Describe the peculiar course of Chillingworth.

213. What does he say about these vacillations of faith? What does Lord Clarendon say of him?

214. What was his most important literary production ?

215. In this book what does he say of the use of force in matters of conscience?

216. What does he say of the use of reason in determining one's religious belief ?

217. How does he show the folly and wickedness of dueling? 218. How does Jeremy Taylor rank among the religious teachers of his time?

219. Describe his style.

220. What may be said of his love of nature?

221. How did this love affect his speaking and writing?

222. Repeat his description of domestic felicity.

223. How does he describe the rise and progress of sin?

224. What advice does he give concerning the choice of studies?

225. What should be one's greatest care?

226. What thought does he quote from Origen?

227. What was the nature of Milton's prose-writings?

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