(0) Appendix to the inquiry into the fhare which K. Charles

I. had in the tranfactions

of the earl

lord Carlton, difpatched by him to Paris, dated at Wanted, July 12, 1626 (H).

This

fels, which ruined the father, and brought the good • and hopeful king [Charles II.] into the fad condition • in which he then was, would never do better. In one

to the marquis of Ormond, of March 1, 1650-1, he • observes, that for the king [Charles II.] to put himself • into the hands of thofe, whofe counfels and conduct

had been fo apparently unfortunate to his bleffed father • and himself, was a prudence and policy that he could ⚫ not fathom, And in one to lord Hatton, of the 7th of June, 1651, N. S. he prays, that the influence of those of the Louvre, which would be a great difcourage'ment to honest men, might not prove as fatal to the young king as to his father ().'

(H) CHARLES REX.

It is not unknown both to the French king and his mother, what unkindneffes and diftaftes have fallen • between my wife and me, which hitherto I have borne with great patience, (as all the world knows) ever exof Glamor-pecting and hoping an amendment; knowing her to be gan, 1755. but young, and perceiving it to be the ill crafty counfels of her fervants, for advancing of their own ends, ra⚫ther than her own inclination: for at my first meeting ' of her at Dover, I could not expect more teftimonies of respect and love than fhe fhewed: as, to give one inftance, her firft fuit to me was, that the being young, and coming to a ftrange country, both by her years and ignorance of the cuftoms of the place, might commit C many errors, therefore that I would not be angry with her for her faults of ignorance, before I had with my inftructions learned her to eschew them, and defired me in these cafes to use no third perfon, but to tell her myself, when I found fhe did any thing amifs. I both granted her request, and thanked her for it; but defired her she would use me as she had desired me to use her, which the willingly promifed me, which promise the • never kept; for a little after this, madam St. George taking

This representation of king Charles to his brother of France, and his fending home the queen's

taking a distaste, because I would not let her ride with · us in the coach, when there was women of better quality to fill her room, claiming it as her due, (which in England we think a strange thing) fet my wife in fuch an humour of diftaste against me, as from that very hour to this, no man can say that ever she used me two days together with so much respect as I deserved of her; but, by the contrary, has put fo many difrefpects upon me, as it were too long to fet down all. Some I will relate as I take it, it was at her first coming to Hampton-court, I fent fome of my council to her, with those • orders that were kept in the queen my mother's house, <defiring fhe would command the counte of Tilliers, that the fame might be kept in her's: her answer was, fhe hoped that I would give her leave to order her houfe as the lift herself, (now if she had faid that she ⚫ would speak with me, not doubting to give me fatisfaction in it, I could have found no fault, whatsoever fhe would have faid of this to myfelf; for I could only impute it to ignorance; but I could not imagine that fhe affronted me fo, as to refufe me in such a thing < publicly.) After I heard this anfwer, I took a time (when I thought we had both beft leisure to difpute it) to tell her calmly both her fault in the public denial, • as her mistaking the business itself. She, inftead of ac<knowledging her fault and mistaking, gave me fo ill an anfwer, that I omit, not to be tedious, the relation of ⚫ that discourse, having too much of that nature here• after to relate. Many little neglects I will not take the pains to fet down, as her efchewing to be in my company: when I have any thing to fpeak to her, I must means her fervant first, else I am fure to be denied; her neglect of the English tongue, and of the nation in general. I will alfo omit the affront fhe did me before my going to this laft unhappy affembly of parliament, because there has been talk enough of that already, &c.

and

queen's fervants who attended her into England, and were to have been of her houshold,

was

⚫ and the author of it is before you in France. To be fhort, omitting all other paffages, coming only to that ⚫ which is recent in my memory: I having made a commiffion to make my wife's jointure, &c. to affign her those lands fhe is to live on, and it being brought to • such a ripeness, that it wanted but my consent to the ⚫ particulars then had chofen: fhe, taking notice that it was now time to name the officers for her revenue, one • night when I was a-bed, put a paper in my hand, tell

ing me it was a lift of those that she defired to be of < her revenue. I took it, and said I would read it next <morning; but withal told her, that, by agreement in France, I had the naming of them. She faid, there were both English and French in the note. I replied, that thofe English I thought fit to ferve her, I would < confirm; but for the French, it was impoffible for them <to serve her in that nature. Then fhe faid, all thofe in the paper had brevets from her mother and herself, and that fhe could admit no other. Then I said, it was neither in her mother's power nor her's to admit any without my leave; and that, if fhe ftood upon that, whomfoever the recommended should not come in. Then the bad me plainly take my lands to myfelf; for if he had no power to put in whom she would in thofe places, fhe would have neither lands nor house of me, but bad me give her what I thought fit in pension. I bad her then remember to whom the fpake, and told her, that the ought not to use me fo. Then the fell into a paffionate difcourfe, how he is miserable in having no power to place fervants, and that business fucceeded the worse for her recommendation; which "when I offered to answer, fhe would not fo much as hear me. Then fhe went on, faying, fhe was not of that bafe quality to be used fo ill. Then I made her both hear me, and end that difcourfe. Thus having fo long patience, with the disturbance of that that

• should

was owing to Buckingham (1), who, on a particular paffion, took all the ways he could

to

fhould be one of my greatest contentments, I can no • longer fuffer those that I know to be the cause and fo❝menters of these humours, to be about my wife any longer; which I must do, if it were but for one action ⚫ they made my wife do, which is, to make her go to • Tiburn in devotion to pray; which action can have no greater invective made againft, than the relation.• Therefore you fhall tell my brother the French king, as likewise his mother, that this being an action of fo much neceffity, I doubt not but he will be fatisfied with it, especially fince he hath done the like himself, not staying while he had fo much reason: and being · an action that fome may interpret to be of harshness to his nation, I thought good to give him an account of it, because in all things I would preferve the good cor• refpondency and brotherly affection that is between

us

(1) This reprefentation of the king's, his fending home the queen's fervants who were to have been of her houshold, was owing to Buckingham, &c.] There is fomething curious enough in the accounts given us of the caufe of Buckingham's averfion to France, and the vexations he caused to the queen of England, which at length

*The king's cabinet opened, or certain packets or fecret letters and papers written with the king's own hand, and taken in his cabinet in Nafbyfield, June 14, 1645, by victorious fir Thomas Fairfax. Published by fpecial order of parliament, London, 4to. 1645. As I fhall have occafion frequently to quote these letters, it will be proper, once for all, to establish their authority. This will be beft done by king Charles himself, who, in a letter to fecretary Nicholas, has these words: Though I could have wifhed their pains had been spared, yet I will neither deny that those things are mine which they have fet out in my name, (only fome words here and there are mistaken, and fome commas mifplaced, but not much material) nor as a good proteftant or honeft man blush for any of those papers. Indeed, as a difcreet man, I will not justify myfelf; and yet I would fain * know him who would be willing that the freedom of all his private letters were publickly feen, as mine have now been.' King Charles's works, P. 155,

raised

to exafperate the French court, and to lessen the king's affection towards his young queen,

fear

raised a war that ended ingloriously to himself and his mafter, as I fhall have occafion hereafter to fhew.

In his embaffy in France, where his perfon and prefence was wonderfully admired and efteemed, and in which he appeared with all the luftre the wealth of • England could adorn him with, and outfhined all the bravery that court could dress itself in, and overacted the whole nation in their own moft peculiar vanities; he had the ambition to fix his eyes upon, and to dedicate his most violent affection to a lady of a very fublime quality, and to purfue it with most importunate addreffes; infomuch as, when the king had brought the queen his fifter as far as he meant to do, and delivered her into the hands of the duke, to be by him conducted into England, the duke, in his journey, • after the departure of that court, took a resolution once more to make a vifit to that great lady, which he believed he might do with much privacy. But it was fo easily discovered, that provision was made for his reception; and if he had pursued his attempt, he had been without doubt affaffinated, of which he had only fo much notice as ferved him to decline the danger. But he fwore, in the inftant, that he would fee and fpeak with that lady, in fpight of the ftrength and C power of France. And from the time that the queen arrived in England, he took all the ways he could to undervalue and exafperate that court and nation, by caufing all thofe that fled into England from the justice and displeasure of that king, to be received and entertained here, not only with ceremony and fecurity, but with bounty and magnificence; and the more extraordinary the perfons were, and the more notorious their king's difpleasure was towards them, the more respectfully they were received and esteemed. He omitted no opportunity to incenfe the king against France, and to difpofe him to affift the Huguenots, whom he likewife

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