One by another, enclosed with rayles hanged with clothes, and themselves well-apparelled with many riche furres, and their livery whodes uppon their shoulders in comely and seemely manner, having before them sondry persones wellapparelled in silkes and chaines of golde, as wyflers and garders of the sayd companies, beside a number of riche hanginges, as well of tapistrie, arras clothe of golde, silver, velvet, damaske, sattin, and other silkes, plentifullye hanged all the way. And from the windows and penthouses of every dwelling, were hung a number of rich and costly banners and streamers. When the Queen came to the upper end of Cheapside where the aldermen were placed, the "right worshipfull maister, Ranulph Cholmeley," the city recorder, presented by appointment to her Majesty, a purse of crimson satin, richly wrought with gold, and containing a thousand marks in gold. "Maister Recorder" briefly addressed her Majesty, his words tending to this end, that the lord-mayor, his brethren and commonalty of the city, in order to declare their gladness and goodwill towards the Queen's Majesty, did present her grace with that gold, desiring her grace to continue their good and gracious Queen, and not to esteem the value of the gift, but the mind of the givers. The Queen with both her hands took the purse, and answered the recorder " merveylous pithilie, and so pithilie, that the standers by as they embraced entierly her gracious aunswer, so they mervailed at the cowching thereof, which was in wordes truely reported these." I thank my lord-maior, his brethren, and you all. And wheras your request is that I should continue your good Ladie and Quene, be ye ensured that I will be as good unto you as ever Quene was to her people. No wille in me can lacke, neither doe I trust shall ther lacke any power. And perswade yourselves, that for the safetie and quietnes of you all, I will not spare, if need be, to spend my blood. God thanke you all. This answer* of so noble hearted a princess, moved a marvellous shout and rejoicing, "since both the heartines thereof was so woonderfull, and the woordes so joyntly knytte ;" and the Queen moved forwards to the Little Conduit, where was erected a pageant "with square profucion standynge directlye before the same Conduite with battlementes accordinglye." This pageant was one of the most remarkable. Two hills or mountains were raised of a convenient height. That on the north side was made cragged, barren, and stony; and on it was fixed a tree artificially made," all withered and deadde, with braunches accordinglye." Under this tree, at the foot thereof, sat one in an homely and rude apparel, in a bending posture and mourning manner; over his head was fixed a tablet, on which was written his name in Latin and English-" Ruinosa Respublica"-" A decayed Commonwealth." Upon this same withered tree were fixed tablets, on which were written proper sentences expressing the causes of the decay of a commonwealth; thus, Civill disagreement. Flattring of Princes. Unmercifullnes in Rulers. Unthankfullnes in Subjectes. Want of the feare of God. Disobedience to Rulers. Blindnes of Guides. Briberie in Majestrats. Rebellion in Subjectes. In perfect contrast to this hill was its southern neighbour, thus described. The other hylle on the south syde was made fayre, freshe, grene, and beawtifull, the grounde thereof full of flowers and beawtie; and on the same was erected also one tree, very freshe and fayre, under the whiche stoode uprighte one freshe personage, well apparayled and appointed, whose name also was written both in Englyshe and Laten, which The answer which her grace made unto Maister Recorder of London, as the hearers know it to be true, and with melting hearts heard the same: so may the reader thereof conceive what kinde of stomacke and courage pronounced the same." artificial cave with a door and lock. Out of this In the middle space between the two hills, was an cave, shortly before the Queen's coming up, issued a personage whose name was Time, apparalled as an old man, with a scythe in his hand, and wings artificially made. He led forth a personage of smaller stature, finely apparalled, being "all cladde in whyte silke," and having over her head her name and title in Latin and English, thus: "Temporis filia,”"The daughter of Time." On the breast of the damsel, however, was "her propre name," Veritas, or Truth; and in her hand she held a book on which was written Verbum Veritatis, or the Word of Truth. These two personages, Old Time, and his daughter Truth, having issued from the cave as the Queen approached, betook themselves to the south side of the pageant, or the hill of the flourishing commonwealth; and when her Majesty came up, a child stationed in the same quarter thus addressed her:This olde man with the sythe, olde father Tyme they call, And her his daughter Truth, which holdeth yonder boke; Whom he out of his rocke hath brought forth to us all, From whence this many yeres she durst not once out loke. The ruthful wight that sitteth under the barren tree, Resembleth to us the fourme when common weales decay, But when they be in state tryumphant, you may see By him in freshe attyre that sitteth under the baye. And since thou understandste the good estate and nought, For that, that wordes do flye but wryting doth remayn. When the child had ended this speech, he handed towards the Queen the Book of Truth, which shortly before, Truth had let down to him by a silken lace; Sir John Parrat, one of the knights who supported the royal canopy, received the book and delivered it to her Majesty. This book was the Bible in English, and Elizabeth received the offering as it became her; she kissed it, "and with both her hands held up the same and so laid it upon her brest with great thankes to the citie therfore." The matter of this pageant "dependeth of them that went before," according to our authority. For as the first declared her Grace to come out of the house of unitie, the second that she is placed on the seat of government staied with Vertue to the suppression of Vice; and therefore on the third the eight blessings of Almighty God might well be applyed unto her; so this fourth now is to put her grace in remembrance of the state of the commonweale which Time with Truth his daughter doth revele, which Truth also her grace hath received, and therefore cannot but be mercifull and careful for the good government thereof. From the Little Conduit at which this pageant had been erected, and which stood near the top of Cheapside, the Queen passed into St. Paul's Churchyard; and "when she came over against Paules Scole, a childe appointed by the scolemaster thereof pronounced a certein oration in Latin and certein verses." The bulk of the oration was a panegyric upon Elizabeth, whom it described as a sovereign such as former times had never seen, and later times were not very likely to see. All Britain, it said, should rejoice, having now attained that state of happiness which the philosopher Plato had declared to be the lot of a commonwealth whose ruler was adorned with virtues and eager in the search after wisdom. The beauties of her grace's person were declared to be so palpable as not to need description; and as for the endowments of her mind, those were such that no powers of language could describe them. Under her sway piety would prevail; England would flourish, and the golden age would return; wherefore her subjects should render unto her all honour. The oration concluded with a prayer that her highness might lives as long as that sage of antiquity, Nestor, and become a happy mother. When the child had finished, he kissed the oration "which he had there faire written in paper," and delivered it to the Queen; and her Majesty who had listened most attentively while it was being pronounced Imost gently received the same." She then proceeded towards Ludgate and was there received with a noise of instruments, "the forefront of the gate being finelie trimmed up against her majesties comming." Thence she went down to Fleet-bridge; and in this part of her passage some one about her "noted the cities chardge," and drew her attention to the circumstance that no cost had been spared. Her grace thereupon replied that she did well consider the same and that it should be remembered. "This," says our contemporary chronicler, Is an honourable answere, worthie a noble prince which may comforte all her subjectes, considering there can be no point of gentleness or obedient love shewed towarde her grace, whych she doth not most tenderlie accepte, and graciously waye. At the Conduit in Fleet-street was the fifth and last pageant "in forme following:" From the Conduite, which was bewtified with painting, unto the north side of the strete, was erected a stage, embattelled with foure towres, and in the same a square platte rising with degrees, and uppon the uppermost degree was placed a chaire, or seate royall, and behynde the same seate, in curious and artificiall maner, was erected a tree of reasonable height, and so farre advaunced above the seate as it did well and semelye shadow the same, without endomaging the syght of any part of the pageant; and the same tree was bewtified with leaves as greene as arte could devise, being of a convenient greatness, and conteining therupon the fruite of the date, and on the toppe of the same tree in a tablet was set the name thereof, which was, "A palme-tree;" and in the aforesaide seat, or chaire, was placed a semelie and mete personage, richlie apparelled in parliament robes, with sceptre in her hand, as a quene, in a table fixed over her head, in this sort; "Debora the crowned with an open crowne, whose name and title was judge and restorer of the house of Israel, Judic iv." And the other degrees, on either side, were furnished with six personages; two representing the nobilitie, two the clergie, and two the comminaltye. And before these personages was written, in a table, "Debora, with her estates, conof these, and the lowest part of the pageant, was convenient sulting for the good government of Israel." At the feete rome for a childe to open the meaning of the pageant. child "readie to speake," her grace required silence, When the Queen reached this pageant and saw the and commanded that her chariot should be drawn nearer, "that she might plainlie heare the childe speake, whych said as hereafter foloweth :" Jaban of Canaan king had long, by force of armes, Oppressed the Israelities, which for God's people went : But God minding at last to redresse their harmes, The worthy Debora as judge among them sent. In war she, through God's aide, did put her foes to fright, And with the dint of sworde the hand of bondage brast. In peace she, through God's aide, did alway mainteine right; And judge Israell till fourty yeres were past. A worthie president, O worthie quene, thou hast A worthie woman judge, a woman sent for staic. And that the like to us endure alway thou maist, Thy loving subjectes will with true hearts and tongues praie. The "voide places" were filled with " "pretie sentences" concerning the same matter. And the ground of the pageant was this, that as the one preceding had set before her grace's eyes the flourishing and desolate states of a commonwealth, she might by this be put in remembrance to consult for the worthy government of her people; men; as Debora whych governed Israell in peas the space Considering God oftimes sent women nobly to rule among of xl years, and that it behoved both men and women so ruling to use advise of good counsell. Our engraving represents a procession through Cheapside in the reign of Charles the First; and exhibits that thoroughfare in probably the same state as in the reign of Elizabeth. On the extreme left of the view is the "Nag's Head," an inn which formerly stood at the corner of Friday Street. In the centre, nearly opposite Wood Street, stands the Cross, which was destroyed in the Great Rebellion. LONDON: Published by JOHN WILLIAM PARKER, WEST STRAND; and sold by all Booksellers. BRADWARDINE-KENCHESTER-HEREFORD-MAR- ground on the southern bank, and many other beau CLAY HILL-SELLACK-ROSS-MAN OF ROSS- MORN crimsons o'er the hills, while far below, tiful villas embellish the landscape in the vale of the IN journeying onwards to Hereford, many pretty Kenchester, situated on a small river called the Ine, which runs into the Wye at Hereford, is the supposed site of the ancient city Ariconium, where King Offa had a palace. In Leland's time the place was overgrown with brambles and brush-wood. Many large foundations and various remains of Roman masonry brought to light from time to time, attest its ancient splendour and magnificence. In 1679 a Roman brick vault was discovered, and the following year Sir John Hoskyns found a bath about seven feet square, with leaden pipes entire. A Roman encampment called Magna Castra, is in the immediate vicinity. The destruction of Ariconium, which is absurdly attributed to an earthquake, has been well described 392 About a mile from Hereford, stands the hexagon | hill, called Woldbury, from whence is an extensive shaft of a stone cross, about fifteen feet in height, prospect, are the highly interesting traces of an ancient called White Cross. It is supposed to have been camp, double trenched and nearly half a mile long. erected by Lewis Charlton, bishop of Hereford, in Sellach church is of singular construction, and the the year 1345, in commemoration of an infectious east window is beautifully ornamented with stained distemper then raging in the city, which caused the glass, bearing the date of 1630. A fine old British mhabitants to hold their markets here. highway runs down from the church to a ford on the river. About a mile below Ingeston, on Eaton Hill, is another of those ancient hill-fortifications, which form a regular chain in this part of the country; the intrenchments are very deep and perfect. At Abnot there is a very beautiful view of Ross, with its "heaven-directed spire." This neat comfortablelooking, little town, celebrated for the good deeds of honest John Kyrle, the "Man of Ross," whose spirit still seems to pervade the whole locality, and well known as the point of embarkation for the lower Wye tour, is situated on a ridge or promontory, overhanging the river, which gently winds below through a rich and well-cultivated country. The city of HEREFORD is pleasantly situated on the left bank of the Wye, nearly in the centre of the county. The name is said to signify the ford of an army. The Welsh call it Hen-fordd, or the old way; and Trefawith, signifying the beech-trees. Camden informs us that the Saxons called it Fernlay, and held it as a military station. Hereford was in former days surrounded with walls and a ditch; and defended by a magnificent castle, of which, however, there is now no trace: the earth-works of the outer ward have been converted into pleasant walks for the use of the inhabitants. There is an air of tranquillity-an "old world character" about Hereford, which is refreshing to the wayfarer from crowded cities, and attributable to the absence of manufactures and the sombre aspect of its ancient buildings: Cider, grain, bak-timber, &c., are occasionally conveyed down the river in barges to Bristol and elsewhere, when the water is sufficiently deep to allow vessels to pass over the shallows; and by the same mode of conveyance coals are brought up from the Forest of Dean and Chepstow. Some of the streets are wide, but the houses in general are not remarkable in an architectural point of view. Of the "six noble gates" mentioned by Leland, there is not a trace remaining. The principal ornament of the city is its aged cathedral, with which the readers of the Saturday Magazine are already acquainted*, There were formerly five churches besides the cathedral, two of which were destroyed during the civil war in 1645, by the Scotch forces during a siege. The old Roman Catholic chapel in the Broad Street has lately been pulled down, for the purpose of erecting on its site a large and handsome Catholic church." Two hills in the neighbourhood, Dinedor and Acornbury, are worth visiting; especially the latter, which, in addition to the remains of a fine Roman camp on its summit, embraces a view of Hereford, and an extensive and beautiful prospect. The Wye at Hereford, Mr. Roscoe playfully observes, "looks placid and smooth, the beautiful romping hoiden of Plynlimmon, tamed down into a quiet douce damosel." In its course onwards to Ross, it meanders through a rich undulating country, pronounced "tame" by Gilpin, but affording one of the most beautiful examples we are acquainted with of thoroughly English scenery; orchards and hopgrounds, smiling villages and hallowed fanes, (Herefordshire is renowned for its spires,) green knolls and wooded hollows. Near the junction of the Lug (in which there is excellent trout and grayling fishing) with the Wye, six miles below Hereford, is Marclay Hill, which, "in the year 1557," Camden says, "did for three days together shove its prodigious body forward, with a horrible roaring noise, and overturning everything in its way, raised itself to the great astonishment of the beholders to a higher place.' It is also stated by another old writer, who probably alludes to the same event, that in the year 1575, "many acres of Marclay Hill gave way and separated from the rest, leaving a gap four hundred feet long, and three hundred and twenty feet wide, overthrowing Kinaston chapel and several other houses in its fall." On a well-wooded See Vol. V., p. 74. The first object to which the stranger directs his attention at Ross is the venerable church, which is admirably situated, and in an excellent state of preservation. Its general, fine effect is owing to its lofty, well-proportioned spire, and a belt of stately elms, planted in 1685 by John Kyrle, whose useful and honourable life we have already recorded *. The east window is tastefully adorned with stained glass, which reflects "a dim religious light" on the surrounding mementos of departed worth. The great bell of the church, which bears the name of John Kyrle, was cast at Gloucester in 1695, at the expense of that excellent individual. It is said that he attended there himself on the occasion, and taking with him his old silver tankard, after drinking the sterling old toast of "Church and King," he threw it in, and had it cast with the bell. In the east window of the north aisle, in the interior of the church, two slender young elms spring from the roots of one of the original trees planted by Kyrle. There is a legend about these trees, which, whether true or not, is so singular and touching that we cannot pass it over. It is said that after the death of their planter, a rector cut down some of the trees facing the pew of honest John Kyrle, and that immediately afterwards several shoots sprang up from their roots, which, penetrating through the walls of the church, formed a graceful and verdant drapery over the seat of the beneficent old man. These trees, which we trust will be suffered to flourish unmolested, are regarded by the inhabitants with feelings of almost superstitious reverence. The pew where Mr. Kyrle sat for so many years remains precisely as it was at the time of his decease, although the church has undergone various alterations and repairs since that period. There is a fine and extensive bird's-eye view from the "Prospect," or the "Man of Ross's Walk," adjoining the churchyard. Gray and Gilpin, however, speak disparagingly of it. The former says, "I find all points that are much elevated spoil the beauty of the valley, and make its parts, which are not large, look poor and diminutive." Ross is a rural deanery; the rectory and vicarage were consolidated by an act of the legislature in the reign of Charles the Second. The unfortunate Charles the First slept at Ross in 1645, on his way from the princely castle of Ragland, at that time garrisoned by the followers of that devoted and loyal servant of the martyred monarch, the Marquis of Worcester. A house in Church-lane, called "Gabriel Hill's Great Inn," contains the old chamber where the king slept; now, however, it is divided into two. A small piece of the oak bedstead * See Saturday Magazine, Vol. I., p. 164. on which the king is reported to have lain, is preserved at the Blue Coat School House. There is little else to interest the antiquary in Ross. The most easy, and perhaps the most pleasant mode of prosecuting the Wye tour from Ross, is to descend the river in one of the numerous and comfortably-fitted boats kept there for the purpose. The tourist, however, can thus only obtain a general idea of the scenery, without that acquaintance with its details, which so greatly enhances the interest of an excursion of this sort. For ladies, of course, this is the only plan to pursue; but to such as are able to "rough it," a pedestrian tour is decidedly preferable, as there are many interesting objects worthy of a visit on either side of the river, as well as in the neighbourhood, which can only be seen by this method; there is yet a still better plan, and that is to ponyize, for as Sir Richard Colt Hoare very justly observes, A man on a pony has a far better chance of minutely noticing an object than a wearied pedestrian, whose thoughts, nature in exhaustion, must unavoidably direct to his dinner and his bed. a The first part of the river after leaving the town, The first part of the river after leaving the town, is once more spoken of by Gilpin as 'tame," but, he adds, some relief is afforded by the Man of Ross's walk, a plantation of forest trees on the brow of rocky eminence, and the back view of Penyard and the Chase Woods at the Weir-end." After crossing Wilton Bridge, a somewhat curious and antique structure, the small village of Wilton presents itself, and on the right bank of the river above the bridge, stand the ivy-mantled and crumbling relics of Wilton Castle, which was burnt to the bare walls by the Royalists during the civil commotions in the reign of Charles the First, in the absence of its then possessor Sir J. Brydges. It afterwards came into the hands of that excellent individual Thomas Guy, who founded the hospital which bears his name in London*, and bequeathed the Wilton estate to that charitable institution. The Wye scenery, after leaving Wilton, gradually improves ;-the lofty banks on either side are richly covered with wood, and the stream winding abruptly round several grand woody promontories, displays to the lover of nature fresh scenes of quiet beauty. Gilpin observes, at this spot, "The channel of no river can be more decisively marked than that of the Wye.-Who hath divided a water-course for the flowing of rivers? saith the Almighty, in that grand apostrophe to Job on the works of the creation. A nobler water-course was never divided for any river than this of the Wye." * See Saturday Magazine, Vol. V., p. 42. CORONATION ANECDOTES. No. V. HENRY IV. HENRY IV. was crowned by Archbishop Fitzalan on the 13th of October, 1399, and on this occasion the Ampulla, whose legend we have before mentioned, was first employed. The king's second son Thomas, as lord high steward, presided in the Court of Claims, and it is chiefly from the record of his decisions that subsequent controversies respecting claims of service have been decided. After Henry had gone to the Tower, he created forty-six knights of the Bath, among whom were three of his own sons. The procession from the Tower to Westminster was unusually splendid, no less than six thousand horses having been employed Some difficulty appears to have on the occasion. arisen from Henry's defective title, and by the advice of his friends he added to his claim that he had been adopted heir by King Richard. This falsehood was introduced to set aside the superior titles of Edmund Mortimer, earl of March, and Richard, earl of Cambridge, in right of whom the house of York subsequently claimed the crown, and this gave rise to the wars of the Roses. Jane, queen of Henry IV., was crowned in the year 1403, but the ceremony was not remarkable for its brilliancy or splendour. HENRY V. Henry V. was crowned on the 9th of April, 1413. Holinshed informs us, "Such great hope, and good expectation, was had of this man's fortunate successe to follow, that within three daies after his father's deceasse, diverse noblemen and honorable personages did to him homage, and swore to him due obedience, which had not beene seene doone to anie of his predecessors, kings of this realme, till they had beene possessed of the crowne. He was crowned the ninth of April, being Passion Sundaie, which was a sore ruggie and tempestuous day, with wind, snow, and sleet, that men greatlie marvelled thereat, making diverse interpretation what the same might signifie.' Hardyng mentions this tempest in his rhyming chronicle: On Passyon Sundaye after was this kyng, With stormes fell and haylstones grete also. Katherine of France, the queen of Henry V., was crowned on the 24th of February, 1420; the account which Holinshed gives of the magnificence displayed upon this occasion, is far too characteristic of the age to be omitted. "It is worth the noting, to consider and take a view of the goodlie order and reverend dutifulnesse exhibited on all sides to the new queene. DURING the Rebellion in 1745, Alexander Macdonald, of Kingsburgh, was so involved in the escape of Prince Charles that his destruction seemed certain, and he was brought prisoner to Fort Augustus, During his confinement in the.... After the great solemnization of the foresaid fort, an order came for the release of several prisoners. Amongst those who were to be released, the officer called the name of Alexander Macdonald, and asked Kingsburgh if that was not his name. "That is my name," said he; "but I suspect there is some mistake." "What do you mean," said the officer; "is not that your name?" "Yes, certainly," said Kingsburgh, but still warned the man there must be some error: at last he went out. He met a friend, who advised him to leave the place instantly. "No," said Kingsburgh, "I must stay and see if the officer does not get into a scrape; I shall go to that public-house opposite." In about two hours a body of soldiers came, with an order to arrest the officer on guard, for having let so dangerous a prisoner at large. Kingsburgh instantly ran across the street, saying to the officer, "I told you there was some mistake." The President Forbes, however, saved this noble-minded man's life. coronation in the church of St. Peter, at Westminster, Hall of Westminster, and there set to dinner. Upon was ended, the queene was conveied into the great whose right hand sat, at the end of the table, the archbishop of Canterbury, and Henric, surnamed the Rich, cardinall of Winchester. Upon the left hand of the queene sat the king of Scots in his estate, who was served with covered messe, as were the foresaid bishops, but yet after them. Upon the same hand and side, near the boord's end, sat the duchesse of Yorke and the countesse of Huntington. The earle of March, holding a scepter in his hand, kneeled upon the right side; the earle marshall, in like manner, upon the left of the queene. The duke of Glocester, Sir Humfre, |