Sioux, and 2 to the Ojibwas. The usual editions of the Annual Report and of the Annual Sermon have been printed and distributed. The monthly issue of the Missionary Herald has been 17,800; and that of the Dayspring over 40,000. There have been published also a new edition of Tract No. 5, a revised edition of the Missionary Manual, and a second edition of the Narrative of the Revival of Religion among the Nestorians of Persia. It is proposed to publish the Dayspring in a small pamphlet form, adapted, in its character, to juvenile readers; and to issue a larger sheet, to be called the "JOURNAL OF MISSIONS," designed for the adult portion of the community. This matter is so far matured, that a specimen number of the "Journal of Missions" was distributed at the meeting. The receipts of the Board for the year ending the 31st of July last, were, from all sources, $291,705 27; while the expenditures for the same period were $263,418 47; the receipts being greater than the expenditures by $28,286 80. The debt of the Board on the 1st of August, last year, was $59,890 78; from which if we deduct the excess of receipts above expenditures for the year just ended, we have a remainder of

$31,603 98, which is the amount of the present indebtedness of the Board. Of the $291,705 27, received during the financial year, $44,050 15 were contributed toward the payment of the debt of the previous year, thus reducing it to $15,840 63. It will be observed, however, that the receipts, irrespective of the debt, were $247,655 12, which is $15,763 35 less than the unavoidable expenditures. This deficiency, added to what remains of the debt of the last year, makes the present indebtedness of the Board, as stated above, $31,603 98. The Committee hope that this debt will, by the close of another year, be either entirely liquidated or greatly diminished. The grant of the American Bible Society for the year was $2,500; that from the American Tract Society, $6,300. The want of labourers is severely felt. On this point the Prudential Committee say, "that the Board is suddenly in danger of being arrested, if not turned back, by a want of qualified and ready agents. Thirty-eight missionaries are now needed, and at the most only five can be relied on to supply this pressing want, and no prospect appears of any material relief for years to come."

WE have to record the death of Wilhelm Martin Leberecht de Wette, one of the most eminent and distinguished theologians and philosophers of Germany. In our April number (page 339) we noticed the final volume of his Compendious Commentary on the New Testament, and translated a passage from his preface, going to show (what was known from other sources) that a great change had passed over his mind in the course of time,-that though still far from orthodoxy, he was no longer the reckless rationalist of thirty years ago. Born on the 17th of January, 1780, at Ulla, near Weimar, he was in his 70th year when he died at midsummer, 1849. After studying at Jena, he became Professor Extraordinary of Theology there in 1807; was transferred to Heidelberg as Professor of Theology, in 1809; and to Berlin, for the same chair, in 1810. In 1819 he was dismissed, having incurred the anger

of the government by a letter to the mother of Sand. In 1821, he obtained the Professorship of Theology in the University of Basle, and held it up to his death.

We have received from the author a copy of a very remarkable book,-being no less than an anti-Calvinistic "Exposition of the Ninth Chapter of the Epistle to the Romans, by JAMES MORISON." (Kilmarnock, 1849: 8vo., pp. 569.) The work has arrived at too late a period for an extended notice, so that we must content ourselves now with briefly indicating its character and scope. We know nothing personally of Mr. Morison, but gather from his Preface that he is a minister in Kilmarnock: though it puzzles us to imagine how, holding such doctrines, he can be connected with either the Established or the Free Church; and we know of no such name in the Wesleyan ranks. But what is far more to the purpose, it is clear that he is an

earnest man, seeking for the truth most faithfully, and sparing no labour or pains in his work. The present volume is almost an encyclopædia of information in regard to the exegesis of the ninth chapter of Romans. In the copious Prolegomena (seventy-five pages) we have critical accounts of nineteen distinct anti-Calvinistic expositions of the chapter, with brief biographical sketches of their authors, forming a very acceptable addition to the literature of the subject. The body of the commentary (426 pp.) consists of eleven expository Lectures;-a form adapted, says Mr. Morison in his Preface, "for use and usefulness, even to those who are ignorant of the learned languages." But for the sake of more learned readers there is a large body of critical and exegetical notes, in which the language of the apostle is often scrutinized, not merely sentence by sentence, but word by word. Three Appendices follow,-1. Showing that Romans IX, 6-13, is not to be interpreted allegorically :-II. That Romans IX is not to be interpreted throughout upon an allegorical principle:-III. That it is every man's duty to become one of the elect of God. As we have said, the work is laboriously and faithfully executed-but it is marred by prolixity, excessive minuteness, and frequent Scotticisms of style. We cannot, by any means, endorse all of Mr. Morison's interpretations, but yet deem his work a most valuable contribution to theological literature, and shall seek to recur to it again more at length hereafter.

A convenient catalogue for the use of theological students and book collectors is proposed by Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, in Gottingen, entitled "Bibliotheca Theologica, oder geordnete übersicht aller auf dem Gebiet der Evangelischen Theologie erschienenen Bücher."

The first issue contains a

list of works in Evangelical Theology for 1848, systematically arranged, and furnished with an alphabetical Index. The catalogue can be had on application to Mr. R. Garrigue, New-York.

The Apostles' Creed is an object of special attention just now in this country. A full treatise on the subject from the Roman Catholic side has lately appeared, namely, “De Symboli Apostolici Titulo, Origine et Antiquissimis Ecclesiæ temporibus auctoritate; dissertationem theologicam scripsit, PET. MEYERS. Cath. Relig. Doct. in Gymnas. Trevir. Prof." (Treviris, 1849, 8vo., pp. 210.) It attempts to show that the creed is really, and in form, of apostolic origin, with the exception of the two articles descendit [Christus] ad inferos,

and Communionem Sanctorum; the former of which, it argues, was added in view of the Apollinarian heresy, the latter by Pope Gelasius, or Gregory the Great.

Rev. W. Cooke, whose lectures on Christian Theology were noticed in a recent number of this Journal, has since published a work entitled "Theiotes; or, an Argument on the Existence, Perfections, and Personal Distinctions of the Deity, intended as an Antidote to Atheism, Pantheism, Unitarianism, and Sabellianism." (London, Partridge & Oakey, 1849.)

Wieseler's excellent work on the Chronology of the Apostolical Age, up to the deaths of the apostles Peter and Paul, is to be translated by Rev. Thomas Gordon.

We are glad to see announced among the recent publications of the Methodist Book Room, London,-"The Journal of the Rev. Charles Wesley, M. A., to which are appended Selections from his Correspondence and Poetry, with an Introduction and occasional Notes, by Thomas Jackson, 2 vols. 12mo."

We continue our statements of the contents and tendencies of the principal European theological journals.

The Biblical Review (July, 1849, London, Jackson & Walford, pp. 150, three shillings sterling) always contains able articles on German theology, or translations from German sources. The contents of the July number are,-I. The last Ten Years in German Theology, (mainly translated from the Theologische Studien und Kritiken :)— II. Remarks on Ephesians iv, 12-16III. On the Theology of Pascal's Pensées: -IV. A very interesting sketch of the Person and History of Neander, with a translation of his oration on the three hundredth Anniversary of Luther's birth-day:-V. The Demands of the Age upon Theology :VI. Is the Bible from God:-VII. Select Letters from Schleiermacher to Sack :VIII. Montgomery's Christian Life :-IX. Miscellanies and correspondence.

The Theologische Studien und Kritiken for July, contains an unusually valuable list of articles. Art. I. is a review of Julius Müller's Lehre von der Sünde, by De Wette, whose death (mentioned in another page) took place only a few days before the publication of this article. In it he attempts to rescue his own view of the nature of sin (the socalled sensual theory) from the overwhelming blows which Müller had aimed against it. Art. II. is on the "Testimony of the Fourth Evangelist to his own person," by K. L. Weit

zel, of Krichheim. Art. III. "Studies and Criticisms in New Testament Lexicography," by Professor Gelpke, of Bern. Art. IV. "Exegetical Discussions," by Bähr, of Carlsruhe, on Mark ix, 49, 50. Art. V. "The Holiness of God," by J. M. Rupprecht. Art. VI. Review of two works on the Church system of festival days, &c. Art. VII. Notice of Muralto's Novum Testamentum Græce. Art. VIII. "The Church of Norway," concluded from a preceding number.

The Journal of Sacred Literature for July (London, C. Cox, five shillings a number) contains the following articles :-I. The Scriptural Doctrine of Demoniacal Possession, by W. E. Taylor:-II. A Review of Winer's Bible Lexicon :-III. Christianity in Harmony with our Faculties, from the French of A. Coquerel:-IV. Recollections of the East, illustrative of certain passages in the Historical Books of the Old Testament:-V. Morell's Philosophy of Religion: -VI. The Golden Calf, translated from Saurin:-VII. Paul's Rebuke of Women praying with uncovered heads :-VIII. Character of Eustathius considered as a Reformer, from the German of Neander :IX. Is Biblical Criticism unfavourable to Piety?-X. On the Interpretation of Genesis iv, 7, by Rev. J. W. Donaldson, D. D.: -XI. Miscellanea and Correspondence.Among the Correspondence is a letter from Dr. Lee, replying to Prof. Ewald's charges against him, and renewing his accusation of plagiarism against Prof. Ewald.

The Christian Remembrancer, for July, (London: Mozley, six shillings a number,) contains the following articles :-I. The Lost Writings of Antiquity-the Remains of Stesichorus:-II. Taylor's Poems:-III. Rationalism--Reviews of Morell's "Philosophy of Religion," and Newman's "Nemesis of Faith"-IV. Warburton's Prince Rupert and the Cavaliers :-V. The Church in Greece, [i. e. the Greek Church]:—VI. Allies' Journal in France in 1845 and 1848, (a review, more than half sympathizing with Allies' sentimental Romanizing) :-VII. Poole and Freeman on the History of Architecture:-VIII. Geology and Revelation.

The following works in Theology and Biblical Literature are announced as just published or in press in London:

The Work of the Spirit, by Wm. Henry Stowell, of Rotherham College, Yorkshire, 1 vol. 8vo., forming the 14th Series of the Congregational Lecture:-A Memoir of Rev. Thomas Burchell, twenty-two years missionary in Jamaica, compiled from his Letters

and Diary, by his brother, the Rev. W. F. Burchell, 1 vol. 12mo., with portrait:-Experimental Evidence a Ground for Assurance that Christianity is Divine, by the Rev. Gilbert Wardlaw, A. M., formerly Resident Theological Tutor of the Independent College, Blackburn, Lancashire, 1 vol. small 8vo.:-A Literal Translation of the Gospel according to St. John, on Definite Rules of Translation, by Herman Heinfetter, Author of "Rules for ascertaining the Sense conveyed in Ancient Greek Manuscripts," Part I.:-On the Religious Ideas, by W. J. Fox, M. P., 1 vol., 8vo. :-Prophetic Outlines of the Christian Church and the Anti-Christian Power, as traced in the Visions of Daniel and St. John, by Ben. Harrison, M. A., Archdeacon of Maidstone, &c., 8vo.:-Popular Christianity; its Transition State and Probable Development, by Frederick J. Foxton, A. B., formerly of Pembroke College, Oxford, post 8vo. -Jonah; his Life, Character, and Mission, viewed in connexion with the Prophet's own Times, and Future Manifestations of God's Mind and Will in Prophecy, by the Rev Patrick Fairbairn, fcp., 8vo. :An Inquiry into the Nature, Progress, and End of Prophecy, in three books.-1. On the Covenants. 2. The Visions of Daniel. 3. The Revelation of St. John, by Samuel Lee, D. D., late Regius Professor of Hebrew, in 8vo., price 14s., cloth:-The Course of Creation, by John Anderson, D. D., M. W. S., Minister of Newburgh, Fife. Post 8vo.

Among the publications of the present year on the continent are the following:

Biblia sacra vulgatæ editionis juxta exemplaria ex typographia apostolica Vaticana

Romæ 1592 et 1593 inter se collata et ad normam correctionum romanarum exacta auctoritate summi pontificis Pii IX. Edid. Val. Loch, theol. Dr. u. Prof. IV Tomi (uno volum. compreh.) Ratisbona, 1849. 1486 pp., 8vo.

Der Brief Pauli an die Philipper. Praktisch erläutert durch Dr. Aug. Neander. Berlin, 110 pp., 8vo.

Die Gemeinde in Christo Jesu. Auslegung des Briefes an die Epheser. Von Dr. Rud. Stier. 2. Hälfte. 2. Abth. Berlin.

Commentar über die Briefe des Apostels Paulus an die Thessalonicher. Von Dr. Aug. Koch, Privatdoc. 1. Thl. Der erste Brief. Berlin, 1849. 456 pp. 8vo.

Histoire du Nouveau Testament et des Juifs, confirmée par l'histoire et par les sciences profanes, depuis l'incarnation de N. S. J. C. jusqu'à l'accomplissement de ses prophéties relatives à Jérusalem, ou à la de

able Latin Grammar, which, though now somewhat obsolete, led the way to the present more philosophical mode of treating the subject, have entitled him to the respect of all lovers of learning. If we can obtain the material, we shall give a fuller account of his life and labours.

We have received a copy of "Friderici Jacobsii Laudatio, Scripsit E. F. Wuestemann:"-a beautiful memorial of one of the brightest lights of modern learning.

Krüger's Greek Grammar is now completed (with the exception of Indexes, which we hope will be forthcoming) by the publication of his "Homerische Formenlehre," (12mo., pp. 77,) which is marked by the same exhaustive completeness and accuracy which characterize his other works. He has in press a Lexicon to Xenophon's Anabasis; and states his purpose also to issue French and English translations of his Greek Grammar, as well as of his editions of Thucydides and Xenophon's Anabasis.

SIR JAMES STEPHEN, whose literary reputation rests upon his graphic and Macaulaylike articles in the Edinburgh Review, has been appointed Professor of Modern History in the University of Edinburgh. His articles in the Edinburgh Review have recently been collected into two handsome 8vo. volumes, entitled "Essays in Ecclesiastical Biography;" published by Longmans, London. The subjects are-Hildebrand, St. Francis of Assisi, The Founders of Jesuitism, Luther, The French Benedictines, The Port-Royalists, Baxter, Whitefield and the Evangelicals, Wilberforce, The Clapham Sect, and The Historian of Enthusiasm. Large additions and alterations are made to most of the articles. An eloquent Epilogue concludes the series, and gives a sort of Confession of Faith, on the part of the author, as a ground for the comprehensive range he has taken over all sects and sorts of religionists in forming his Hagiology. We regret to see from this Epilogue that Sir James stands on the same platform with John Foster, in regard to the eternity of future punishment.

We have received the Prospectus of a series of Atlases, five in number, published by Justus Perthes, Gotha, and prepared by Von Sydow, and beautifully coloured. strong recommendation from Carl Ritter accompanies the prospectus.

A

Rev. J. E. Riddle's "Copious and Critical Latin English Lexicon" has appeared. It makes a thick volume in small 4to., uniform with Liddell & Scott's Lexicon. We have

taken the pains to compare it with the "New Latin Lexicon on the basis of Freund," now preparing by Prof. Andrews for publication by the Messrs. Harper of this city; and are glad to inform our readers that the latter will be an incomparably superior work, both in extent and execution. Riddle's Lexicon is founded upon the abridged edition of Freund, while Andrews' is translated from the larger Lexicon the most complete Latin Diction ary that has ever appeared.

We extract from the Athenæum the fol lowing curious account of an order recently issued by the commander-in-chief of the British army, stating the literary (!) require. ments of the candidates for commissions in the army. What floods of British sarcasm would have been provoked by such an order from the American War-office!

"It is now gravely demanded of the candidate who shall seek to be recommended as fit to bear Her Majesty's commission, that he shall not be below the status of the schoolboy. First, it is propounded that he 'should be able to read and write!' In arithmetic 'he should be acquainted with the first four rules,' &c.,-in languages he should be able to translate some Latin author into English.' The italics marking the conditional character of these demands are ours. But he will be required,'-the conditional is now abandoned to construe an extract from a French work into English.' In regard to history, 'he should'-again the conditional- have read Hume's History of England, with Smollett's Continuation, a history of Rome and Greece, (!) and history of Modern Europe.' In the department of geography, he must know the names of the capitals of each nation in Europe; and the chief rivers, sea-ports, and military posts in Great Britain and Ireland. He must also have 'read some easy work' on fortifications, and have had some instruction in drawing.' This is the amount of raised qualification for wearing the scarlet. The soldier is yet but a little way removed intellectually, it would seem, from those good old times when reading and writing were treason; when gentlemen left such arts to their menials, and barons bold were content to sign with their cross! We have made, we see, one omis. sion, which is worth noting, as a comment on scales of education at the Horse Guards. 'If not master of the Latin grammar, and he should not have received a good classical education, (!) says one of these ordinances, he must, in lieu thereof, thoroughly understand the French or German grammar. We do not know what grammar is meant by the French or German; and we should have thought that having received a good classi cal education' included being master of the Latin grammar.' Need we wonder that a Board which sends out an 'order' like this, should think it no light thing to be able to

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