branches de la Religion Protestante, il tourne en ridicule cet Esprit d'Enthousiasme & de fanatisme, qui rend la pieté incompatible avec le Sens commun. Je m'imagine que toutes les personnes sensées en seront obligées à l'Auteur.

This was written in 1721, a year after the appearance of The History of Martin', and it is the earliest judicial statement of Swift's purpose.

XI. THE PATE MS.'

In the reissue of Nichols's edition of Swift's Works published in 1808, a number of notes marked 'MS. Pate' are given at the foot of the page, and the following explanation is added to the first of them: This note is copied from one by Mr. Pate, whom Swift styles “the learned woollen draper "; and who had this and a few others, which will be found distinguished by his name, from the Dean's own mouth.' The notes appear to have been taken from a volume which had been in the possession of Dr. Charles Chauncey, and is thus entered in the catalogue for the sale of his library in 1790:

No. 304] Swift's Tale of a Tub, cuts, MS. Notes, which are taken from a copy of Mr. Pate's, who had them from the Dean's own Mouth.2

An examination of the notes is not reassuring. Some of them are doubtful or wrong; 3 and though most are right, they are often such as any intelligent reader might have written. Many might have been copied from the notes in the fifth edition. But they give at least one explanation that is valuable.*

1 Vol. ii, p. 164.

2 The volume then fetched 14s.; see the priced catalogue in the British Museum, 7004 cc 10. It has not been traced.

4

3 e.g. p. 106.

p. 41. Pate's notes (fifty

one in all, of which six are on the Battle and one on the Mechanical

Operation) are included in this edition, but a few are omitted that are verbally identical with notes in the fifth edition.

Swift was on very friendly terms with Pate.' In his letter of January 12, 1709, to Robert Hunter, he says 'Mr. Addison. and I often drink your health, and this day I did it with Will Pate, a certain adorer of yours, who is both a bel esprit and a woollen-draper'; and in the Journal to Stella he makes the entry on September 17, 1710, 'To-day I dined six miles out of town, with Will Pate the learned woollen-draper'. The Tale of a Tub may well have been at some time the subject of their conversation, and Swift could easily have suggested explanations without committing himself to be its author. He might have hazarded the suggestion that the mysterious number nine thousand seven hundred forty and three' was the number of livings in England, just as he might have put his friend on the wrong track by interpreting the purchase of a Large Continent lately said to have been discovered in Terra Australis incognita' as a reference to the West Indies, sold by the Pope to the King of Spain'. Pate may have entered these explanations in the margins of his copy, and added others of his own. That Swift dictated these notes is inconceivable ; and it is highly improbable that he had any part in more than a few of them.

He was Sheriff of London in 1734 See the account of him in the Dictionary of National Biography. He is supposed to be the Woollen-draper remarkable for his Learning and Good-nature' in Steele's Guardian, No. 141.

2 Or some may have been added by another hand. Chauncey's volume was not Pate's; the notes had been transcribed. It was a fifth or later edition as it contained cuts. Pate's must have been an earlier edition.

XII. LIST OF EDITIONS.

1704-1755.

I. A Tale of a Tub. . . . MDCCIV. 8vo.

See the reproduction, p. lxiv.

Collation: Treatises writ by the same Author p. [ii]; title p. [iii]; blank p. [iv]; Dedication pp. [v] (A 3)-[x]; The Bookseller to the Reader pp. [xi, xii]; Epistle Dedicatory pp. 1 (B1)-11; blank p. [12]; Preface pp. 13-31; blank p. [32]; A Tale of a Tub pp. 33 (D1)-221 (P7); blank p. [222]; title of The Battel' p. [223]; blank p. [224]; The Bookseller to the Reader pp. [225](Q1)-[226]; Preface pp. [2278]; The Battel pp. 229 (03)-278 (T3v); title of A Discourse' p. [279]; blank p. [280]; The Bookseller's Advertisement p. [281]; blank p. [282]; A Discourse pp. 283 (т 6)-322 (Y I v).

Published May 1704. Price 4s. See Term Catalogues.

2. A Tale of a Tub. . . . The Second Edition Corrected. London: Printed for John Nutt, near StationersHall. MDCCIV. 8vo.

This follows ed. I page for page, and generally line for line, but the type has been reset.

6

In the Bodleian copy the first sheet is so folded that the Treatises writ by the same Author' faces the Epistle Dedicatory, and is thus p. [xii], the title being p. [i].

3. A Tale of a Tub.... The Third Edition Corrected. London Printed for John Nutt, near Stationers-Hall. MDCCIV.

8vo.

This follows ed. 2 line for line. Only partly reset.

In the Bod

leian copies of ed. 2 and ed. 3 sheets н, for example, are from the same type; and sheet N shows.slight alterations in type that had been kept standing.

Published June 1704.

4. A Tale of a Tub.... The Fourth Edition Corrected. London Printed for John Nutt, near Stationers Hall.

This follows ed. 3 line for line. The type has been reset.
Published May 1705.

Antient and Modern BOOKS in St. James's Library.

Bafima cacabafa canaa irraurista, diarba da caeotaba fubor camelanthi. Iren. Lib 1 C. 18.

Juvatque novos decerpere flores, Infignemque meo capiti petere inde coronam, Unde prius nulli velarunt tempora Mufa Lucret.

LONDON.

Printed for John Nutt, near Stationers. Hall. MDCCIV.

5

5. A Tale of a Tub... The Fifth Edition... MDCCX.

8vo.

See the reproduction before the text.

Collation: Title p. [i]; Treatises wrote by the same Author p. [i]; An Apology For the, &c. pp. [iii] (a 2)-[xxiv](a 4 v); Dedication pp. xxv-xxx]; The Bookseller to the Reader pp. [xxxi-ii]; Epistle Dedicatory pp. 1 (B1)-12; Preface pp. 13-31; blank p. [xxxii]; A Tale of a Tub pp. 33 (DI)-241 (R1); blank p. [242]; title of 'The Battel' p. 243; blank p. [244]; The Bookseller to the Reader PP. [245-6]; Preface pp. [247-8]; The Battel pp. 249 (R 5)-299 (U6); blank p. [300]; title of A Discourse' p. [301], blank P. [302]; The Bookseller's Advertisement p. [303]; blank p. [304]; A Discourse pp. 305 (x 1)-344 (Z 4V).

This edition is the first to contain the Apology', and the footnotes, and the plates. The text is printed from ed. 4, but there are a few alterations and omissions.

Frontispiece to the 'Tale' (signed B. Lens delin: J. Sturt sculp.) and to the Battel', and six other plates facing pp. 35, 56, 121, 138, 192, and 233. In the copy in the Forster Collection they are subscribed to face pp. 35, 55, 111, 127, 178, and 214,-the corresponding pages in edd. 1-4. They would appear to have been engraved before the new notes were distributed throughout éd. 5 as foot-notes (see below, No. 6). The Fountaine large-paper copy measures 83 by 5 in.

a

6. An Apology for the Tale of Tub. With Explanatory Notes . . . London; Printed for John Morphew near Stationers-Hall.

MDCCXI. 8vo.

See reproduction, p. lxvi, from copy in possession of D. Nichol Smith. Collation: Title p. [1]; blank p. [2]; An Apology For the, &c. PP. [3] (A 3)-24 (C4v); Explanatory Notes to the Tale of a Tub' PP. 25 (D1)-51 (G2); blank p. [52].

The Apology' is an offprint from ed. 5. The Explanatory Notes' are the foot-notes in ed. 5, but are printed in a body and in the same type as the text of edd. 1-5.

Neither set of notes was printed from the other. They supplement and correct each other in a way which shows that both were taken from the same manuscript. The main differences are recorded in the present edition. The most important will be found on pp. 86 and 192. This pamphlet, which contains the new matter in ed. 5, was designed as a supplement to be bound up with the earlier editions, or a page for page reprint of them. But Benjamin Tooke thought it better to print the notes as foot-notes. 'Inclosed I have sent the Key', he wrote to and think it would be much more proper to

Swift on July 10, 1710,

e

ле