Abolitionists, organization of the, 553.
Aboukir, battle of, 460.

Abraham, 7.

Absalon, bishop, 235.
Abu-Bekr, 192.

Abul Abbas, overthrows Ommiads, 183.
Abydos, battles of, 68.

Abyssinia, Christian kingdom of, 190.
Abyssinian expedition, 545.

Académie Française founded, 326.
Acadia, explorations in, 290; French claims

to, 363; limits of, 364, n.; granted to
St. Etienne, 364; ceded to England, 363,
419; dispersion of the French inhabit-
ants, 421.

Achæan League, 43, 48; under Aratos, 79;
under Philopoemen, 80; fall, 80; first
Macedonian war, 118.
Achæan War, 80, 122.
Achæmenidæ, 25-27.

Achaia, 39, 48; Roman province, 80, 146;
duchy of, 216.

Achilles, 47.

Acilius Glabrio, 119, 135.

Açoka, emp. of Magadha, 23.

Acre, conquest of, in 3d crusade, 215;
taken by Mamelukes, 217; repulse of
Napoleon, 460.

Act for the better government of India,
544 of confederation, 483; of grace,
387; of mediation, 464; for perpetual par-
liament, 345; of settlement, 388; of su-
premacy under Henry VIII., 335, under
Elizabeth, 338; of uniformity, 338, en-
forced by James I., 340, under Charles
II., 379, of Vienna, 482; final act, 483,
487.

Actium, Corcyræans victorious at, 65; de-
feat of Antonius, 146.
Adalbert, archb. of Bremen, 199.
Adams, John, defends Preston, 425; mem-
ber of Continental Congress, 426, 427;
negotiates treaty with France, 429; vice-
pres., 547, 548; pres., 548.

Adams, John Quincy, sec. of state, 551;

pres., 552.

Adams, Samuel, 426.

Addington administration, 536.

Addison, Joseph, 436.

"Addled "parliament, 341.

Adelheid, empress, married Otto I., 195;
regent in Italy, 197.
Adhemar of Puy, 214.
Adherbal, 126.

Adlerkreuz, Gen., 472.

Adolf of Nassau, elected k. of Germany, 244.
Adolf Frederic, k. of Sweden, 409.
Adrianople, battle of, 159, 171: peace of,
489; agreement of, 523.

Ediles, plebeian, 96; curule, 101; pay for
the great games, 120.

Egatian Islands, victory of Catulus, 111.
Egina, Doric community, 63; war with
Athens, 57; tributary to Athens, 63; as-
signed to Athenian citizens, 65.
Egospotami, battle of, 69.

Alfred the Great, k. of England, 204.
Elia Capitolina, 12, 153.

Elle, leader of the South Saxons, 177.
Emilianus, 156.

Eneas, 87.

Eschylus, 64.

Ethelflæd, lady of the Mercians, 204.
Ethelred, kings of England, I., 203, 204;
II., the Unready, 205.

Æthelstan, k. of England, 204.
Æthelwulf, k. of England, 203.
Aëtius, 172; defeats Attila, 173.
Etolian League founded, 79; assists Rome,
116.

Afghan war, first, 546; second, 547.
Afghans of Ghor, supremacy in India, 211.
Africa, circumnavigated by Egyptians (?),
6; by Portuguese, 279, 280; Roman
province, 121; Cæsar's war, 142; Octavi-
anus administers, 146; Vandal king.
dom, 172; fall of the Vandal power, 174.
Agamemnon, 47.

Agathocles, k. of Syracuse, 20.

Age of Augustus, 147; of Louis XIV.,
371; of Pericles, 64.

Agesilaus, k. of Sparta, 70, 71.

Alexander, tsar of Russia: I., accedes,
403; defeated at Austerlitz, 467; in the
war of 1813, 477; in London, 482, 500;
II., 500; murder, 525; III., 525.
Alexandria, founded, 74; capital of Egypt,
77; Vespasian, 151; captured by Per-
sians, 191; captured by Arabs, 182; by
the French, 460; bombarded by the Eng-
lish, 546.

Alexandrine library founded, 77.
Alexandrine war, 142.

150.

Aguirre, Lope de, 288.

Alexius Comnenus, Greek emp., 214.
Alfonso III., k. of Aragon, 276.

invades India, 442, 443.

Ahmednagar, kingdom, 353, 389.
Ahuramazda, 24, 25.

Ainos, 33.

Aistulf, k. of Langobards, 175, 184.

Aix-la-Chapelle, peace of 1668, 367; of

1748, 403, 419, 438; congress, 487. See,
also, Aachen.

Ajax, 47.

Alabama, admitted to the Union, 552.
Alabama claims settled, 545, 560.
Alamanni, on the Rhine, 170; occupy
Germania superior, 172; defeated by
Chlodwig, 173.

Alamgir II., emp. of India, 442.
/Alani, 170, 171.

Alarçon, explores the Colorado, 287.
Alaric, k. of West Goths, 171.

Alaska purchase, 559.

Alá-ud-dán, sultan of Delhi, 241.
Alba Longa, 87; destruction, 89.
Albanian league, 525.

Albemarle, d. of, 379. See, also, Monk.
Alberoni, card., 397.

Albert, the Bear, margr. of Brandenburg,
218, 219.

Albert I., emp. of H. R. E., of Austria,
245; II., 253.

Albert, c. of Holstein, 235.

Albert, d. of Mecklenburg, 237, 238.

Albert, of Saxe-Coburg, marries Victoria,
542; dies, 544.

Albertine line, in Saxony, 305.

Albigenses, 227.

Alfonso XII., k. of Spain, 521.
Alford, battle of, 348.

Algarbe, kingdom of, 276.

Algeria, exp. of Charles V., 304; French
expedition, 489, 527.

Ali, 182.

Alien bill, 535.

Alien and sedition laws in U. S., 549.
Alkassor, battle of, 332.

Alkmar, battle of, 461.
"Alleluia victory," 38.
Allen, Ethan, 427.
Allersheim, battle of, 315.
Allia, battle of the, 100.

"Alliance of the three kings," 497.
Allouez, in New France, 364.
"All the talents' " ministry, 537.
Alma, battle of the, 500.
Almagro, Diego de, 286, 287.
Almanza, battle of, 434.

Almanzor 209.

Almeida, 280; siege of, 473.

Almoadan. See Toorán-sháh.
Almohades, conquer Spain, 240.
Almoravides, conquer Spain, 209, 240.
Alp Arslan, 210.

Alsace, formerly Germania superior, 172;
ceded to France, 316; protestants in,
369; ceded to the German empire, 519.
Alsen, island of, 506.

Altranstädt, peace of, 395,

Alva, duke of, in the Netherlands, 330.
Alvarado, 287.

Alyattes, k. of Lydia, 21, 25.

Amadeus I., k. of Spain, 512, 520.

Amagro, 287.

Albinus, Clodius, 155.

Albion, 36.

Ambiorix, 139.

Amboise, conspiracy of, 321; peace of, 321.
Amboyna, massacre of, 342, 354.
Ambrosius, b. of Milan, 161.

Amendments to U. S. Constitution, first
ten, 547; 11th, 548; 12th, 549; 14th,
559; 15th, 560.

Amenemhat, kgs. of Egypt: I., conquers
Nubia; II, III., built lake Meri, 4
Amenhotep, III., k. of Egypt, war with
Syrians, etc., 4; his statue (Memnon), 5.
America, alleged discovery, 280 n.; dis-
covery by Northmen, 280; by Columbus,
279; named, 283; conquest of Mexico,

285; conquest of Peru, 286; Coligny's
colonies, 288; Virginia explored, 289;
foundation of Port Royal by French, 290;
English colonies, 291; Dutch and Swed-
ish settlements, union of the colonies,
298; New France and the Arctic re-
gion, 299; British, Dutch, and Swedish
colonies, 357; King Philip's war, 359;
King William's war, 361; Queen Anne's
war, 363; French settlements and dis-
coveries, 363; King George's war, 419.
French and Indian war, 420; Stamp act,
423 Continental Congress, war of inde-
pendence, 426; signing the Constitution,
433. See Canada, United States, Spanish
colonies.

American Association, 426.

Amherst, lord, gov. gen. in India, 541.
Amherst, gen., 421.

Amida, sack of, 188, 190.

Amiens, peace of, 1802, 464, 536; battle of,
518.

Ammon, 2, 5.

Amnias, battle of, 129.
Ampfing, battle of, 247.

Amphictyonic council, 42; first holy war,

51, 52; 2d holy war, 72; Philip a mem-
ber, 72.

Amphipolis, battle of, 66.

Amroo, conquers Egypt, 182.
Amulius, k. of Alba Longa, 87.

Amyrtæus, 29.

Anabaptists, 304.

Anagawa, battle of, 355.

Anastasius, Greek

Anaxagoras, 64.

emp., 190.

Ancus Marcius, k. of Rome, 89.

Andelot, François d', 321.

Andernach, 139; battle of 193, 194.

André, major, 431.

Andrew II., k. of Hungary, crusade, 216.
Andriscus (Pseudo-Philippus), 122.
Andros, Sir Edmund, 361.

Angelus, dynasty of, 240.

Anglas, Boissy d', 456.

Angles, settle in Britain, 172, 176; east,
north, 178: middle, 179.

Anglican Church, 338.

Anglo-Saxon chronicle, 204.

Ansgarius, 207, 208.
Anson, voyage of, 438.
Antalcidas, peace of, 70.
Anthemius, Roman emp., 162.
Anti-corn law league, 542.
Anticosti, discovery of, 287.
Antietam, battle of, 557.
Antigonus, 76, 77; Gonatas, 77.
Antiochia, 77; capture of, 190.
Antiochus, III., the Great, k. of Syria, 29,

119.

Antipater, 76, 79.
Anti-reformation, 306.
Antium, 104.

Anton, k. of Navarre, 321.

Antoninus, emp. of Rome, rebuilds Agrico-
la's wall, 38; reign, 154.
Antonius, C., consul, 136, 137.
Antonius, M., war with Pompeius, 141; as-
sumes control upon Cæsar's death, 144;
follows Cleopatra, 145; second triumvi-
rate, 145; governor of the East, 145;
Parthian war, 30, 146; defeat and death,
146.

Antwerp, capture of, 331.
Anville, d', in America, 419.
Apepi, k. of Egypt, 8.
Aphrodite, 3, 17.

Apis, sacred bull, 2, 27.

Apollo, saves Croesus, 26; oracle of, 51.
Appius Claudius, decemvir, 98; the censor,
102, 106; cæcus, 108; caudex, 110.
Apries. See Hophra.

Apulia, 83, 141.

Aquæ Sextiæ, battle of, 127; colony of,
125.

Aquillius, 129.

Aquilonia, battle of, 106.

Aquitania, 34, 182.

Arabia, tributary to Assyria, 14; invaded
by Seti I., 5; by Romans, 148; Roman
province, 153; invaded by Chosroës, 190.
Arabian dynasty in Chaldea, 13.
Arabs, conquest of Africa, 182; of Spain,
183; war with the Greek empire, 210;
crusades against, 213; conquest of Per-
sia, 193; invasions of India, 211; dy-
nasties in India, 241; capture of Con-
stantinople, 260, 278. See Moors.

with the Moors and with Castile, 276;
united with Castile, 328. See Spain.

Aratus, 79.

Arausio, battle of, 127.
Arbela, battle of, 74.
Arc, Joan of.

See Darc.

Arcadius, Greek emp., 161.

Archelaus, 130.

Archidamus, 65.

Archons, development, 51; elected by all
citizens, 53; reduction of their power,
55.

Arcis-sur-Aube, battle of, 481.
Arcole, battle of, 458.
Arcot, Nawáb of, 443.
Ardaghan, 523, 524.
Ardoin of Ivrea, 197.
Areopagus, 53, 62.

Argal, deputy gov. of S. Virginia, 292; al-
leged submission of Dutch to, 298; expe-
dition to Mt. Desert, 299.

Arnim, 312.

Arnold of Brescia, 221.

Arnold, Benedict, siege of Quebec, 427;
defeat on Champlain, 428; his treason,
430.

Arnulf of Carinthia, 193.
Arpads in Hungary, 277.
Arques, battle of, 324.

Arsaces, founder of the Parthian mon-
archy, 29; dynastic name of all the Par-
thian monarchs (I.-XXX.), 29, 30.

Arsacidæ, 155.

Arses, emp. of Persia, 29.

Art in Greece, 64; in Italy, 327.
Artabanus I., k. of Parthia (Arsaces VIII.,
30; III. (Arsaces XXX.), last k. of
Parthia, defeated by Artaxerxes 30, 187.
Artaphernes, 57.

Artavasdes, k. of Armenia, 146.
Artaxata, 135; captured, 150, 154.
Artaxerxes, k. of Persia, I., 28; II., defeats
the younger Cyrus, 29; III., 29; Artax-
erxes I. founds the new Persian empire,
30, 187; II., 189.

Artemis, 21.

Artemisium, battle of, 59.
Artenay, battle of, 518.

Artevelde, Jacob van, 257.

Arthur, k. of the Silures, 37; traditions

concerning him in the N. and S., 178;
cycle of romances, 235.

Arthur, d. of Brittany, 226; death, 233.
Arthur, Chester A., pres. of the United
States, 560.

Arundel, e. of, impeached, 270; executed,
339.

Aryans, uncertainty concerning, Introd.
iv.; in Asia Minor, 21; primitive home,
24; Celts, 34.

Aschaffenburg, battle of, 510.
Asculum, battle of, 108.
Ashantee war, 545.

Ashburton treaty, 554.

Ashby and White, case of, 434.
Ashera, Phoenician goddess, 17.
Ashikaga shoguns, 278, 355.
Ashley, 380.

Asia, Roman province, 124.
Aske, Robert, rebellion of, 335
Aspasia, 64.

Aspern, battle of, 472.

Assam, 389, 541.

Assandun, battle of, 205.
Assaye, battle of, 541.
Asshur, 12, 13.

Asshurbanipal, emp. of Assyria, 6, 15.
Asshur-ebil-ili, k. of Nineveh, 15.
Asshur-natzir-pal I., emp. of Assyria, 14.
Assignats, issued, 450; decline two thirds,
454; total amount issued, 457.
See
Mandats.

Assizes of Clarendon, 232.
Associations of nobles, 250.
Assyria, geography, religion, 12; civiliza-
tion, chronology, 13; art, 15; no Assyr-
ian conquest of Egypt under Shashang
I., 5 n. 2; conquest of Egypt by Esar-
haddon, 6; independent empire, 13;
height of power, 15; fall of the empire,
15,25; attacks Iran, 25; northern A. sub-
ject to Rome, 30, 153.
Astarte, 16, 17.

Asturia, kingdom of, 183, 209.
Astyages, k. of Media, 21, 25, 26.
Atahuallpa, inca of Peru, 287.
Athalaric, k. of West Goths, 174.
Athanasius, 159.
Athaulf, 171, 172.

Athena, identified with Neïth, 2.
Athenion, 128.

Athens, ally of the Ionian cities, 28, 40;
founded, 44; old constitution, 51: re-
forms of Solon, 52; Pisistratus, reforms
of Clisthenes, 54; burned by Xerxes,
59; hegemony of, 61; war with Sparta,
64; under Pericles, 64; surrender of,
69; thirty tyrants, 69; Demetrius Po-
liorcetes in, 79; captured by Sulla,
130; adorned by Hadrian, 153; duchy of,
216; captured by Venetians, 416. See
Greece.

Athos, Mt., 56, 58.

Atlanta evacuated, 558.

Atlantic cable laid, 487, 544.

Atreus, 44.

Attalus, kings of Pergamus, 78; I. joins
Etolian league, 116; implores aid of
Rome, 118; III. bequeaths Pergamus to
Rome, 124.

Attalus, appointed emp. of Rome by Ala-
rie, 171.

Attila in Gaul and Italy, 173.

Attyadæ, first Lydian dynasty, 21.