Epitome of Ancient, Mediæval and Modern History

barossa, 219; Welf and Waiblingen (Ho-
henstaufen), 223; interregnum, 225; Ru-
dolf of Hapsburg, 244; Ludwig and
Frederic, 247; Luxemburg emperors,
golden bull, 248; city leagues, 249;
council of Constance, 251; house of
Hapsburg, 253; Max, 300; reformation,
301; Charles V., 302: peace of Augs-
burg, 306; anti-reformation, 306; thirty
years' war, 308; peace of Westphalia,
315; Leopold I., 371; war of the Span-
ish succession, 390; pragmatic sanction,
398; Polish succession, 398; male line of
Hapsburg extinct, 400; war of Austrian
succession, Maria Theresa, and Frederic
the Great of Prussia, 400; seven years'
war, 403; Joseph II., 407; war with first
French republic, 453; peace of Lune-
ville, 462; enactment of imperial dele-
gates, 464; end of the Holy Roman em-
pire, 468. Confederation of the Rhine,
468; war of liberation, 475; congress
of Vienna, 482; establishment of the
German confederation, 483; reactionary
measures in Germany, 487, 490; founda-
tion of the Zollverein, 491; Göttingen
professors expelled, 491; revolutionary
movements, 492; national assembly, 493;
constitution completed, 497; conference
at Olmütz, 498; confederation renewed,
498; German (Austro-Prussian) war, 507;
North German confederation, 510, 511;
Franco-German war, 513; capture of
Paris, 519; German empire founded, 519,
520; Kulturkampf, 521, 525; congress
of Berlin, 524; tobacco monopoly de-
feated, 526.

Gero, margr., 194, 195.
Gerontes, 50.

Gerson, 251.

Gertruydenburg, 393.
Gessler, 246

Geta, 155.

Gettysburg, battle of, 558.

Ghazni, supremacy of the sultans of, 211.
Ghent, pacification of, 331; peace of, 474,
537, 551.

Ghibellines, 219.

Gibraltar, whence named, 183 n.

taken by

English, 392, 434; ceded to England, 437;
defended by Elliott, 440.

Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, 289.
Gilbert, Raleigh, 293.

Ginkell, 387.

Golconda kingdom, 353; annexed to Mu-
ghal empire, 389; Nizam of, 443

Golden bull, of H. R. E., 248; of Hungary,
277.

Golden rule enunciated by Confucius, 31.
Göllheim, battle of, 246.

Gomez, Estevan, voyage of, 286.
"Good" parliament, 269.

Gordianus I., II., III., Roman emp., 155;
Persian exp., 188.

Gordias, kings of Phrygia, 22.

Gordon assists Peter the Great, 374.
Gordon, col. ("Chinese "), suppresses Tai-
ping rebellion, 562.

Gordon, lord George, 440.
Gorges, sir Fernando, 295-297.
Görgey, 495.

Gorkhas, conquest by Chinese, 444.
Gorm the Old, k. of Denmark, 207.
Gortschakoff, in Sebastopol, 500; retires,
526.

Görz, baron von, 396, 406.

Gosnold, Bartholomew, 290, 291.

Graagaas, 209.

Gracchus, Caius, attempts revolutionary
reforms, 124; tribune, 125; death, 126.
Gracchus, Tiberius, victory over the Celti-
berians, 118.

Gracchus, Tiberius Sempronius, attempts
revolutionary reforms, 124.

Grafton, d. of, 424; administration, 424,
440.

Granada, kingdom of, 275; conquest of,
276.

Grand alliance between England, Holland,
and others, 370, 391.

Grand remonstrance presented to Charles
I., 346.

Granicus, battle of the, 74.
Granson, battle of, 262.

Grant, U. S., takes Fort Donelson, 557;
Vicksburg, 558; lieut.-gen., 558; Lee
capitulates to, 559; president of U. S.,
560.

Great rebellion, in England, 347; in the Guthorm, 204.
United States, 557.

Great wall of China, 32.
Great war of liberation, 475.
Greece, geography, 39; religion, 41; my-
thological history, 43: Thessalian and
Dorean migrations, 47; early constitu-
tions, 50, 52; Persian wars, 28, 56-60;
hegemony of Sparta, 56; hegemony of
Athens, 61; age of Pericles, 64; Pelopon-
nesian war, 64-69; hegemony of Sparta,
69; hegemony of Thebes, 70; rise of
Macedonia, 71; Macedonian supremacy,
73; empire of Alexander, 73-76; strug-
gles of the Diadochi, 76; formation of
separate kingdoms, 77; Lamian war,
79;
Achæan and Etolian leagues, 79: de-
clared independent, 119; Macedonia,
Roman province, 122; Achaia, Roman
province, 147; Morea, conquered by Ven-
ice, 372; by Turks, 397, 416; war of in-
dependence, 488; revolution, 505.
Greek colonies, 19, 20.

Greene, gen., 431.

Greenland, discovery of, 209, 280.
Gregorian calendar introduced,
adopted by England, 420, 438.

827;

Gregory I., pope, 175; VI., 199; VII. (Hil-
debrand), 199, 200; IX., 224; XII., 251;
abdicated. 252; XIII., reformed the cal-
endar, 327; XVI., 492.

Grenville, George, prime minister, 423;
leader of Commons, 439.
Grenville, lord, prime minister, 537.
Grenville, sir Richard, 289.

Grévy, Jules, pres. of the French republic,
534.

Grey, e., prime minister, 539; resigned, 540.
Grey, lady Jane, 336.
Grijalva, Juan de, 285.
Grimoald, 175.

Grochow, battle of, 490.

Grodno, diet of, 413.

Grosbeeren, battle of, 477.

Gross-Gorschen, battle of, 476.
Grossjägerndorf, battle of, 404.
Grumbach, execution of, 306.

Guadaloupe, Hidalgo, treaty of, 554.
Guanabani, its identification, 282.
Guastalla, house of, 311, 416.
Guatimozin, k. of Mexico, 285.

Guébriant, French marshal, 314.
Guelfs. See Welfs.

Guesclin, Bertrand du, 259, 276.
Gueux, 330.

Guilford, battle of, 431.

Guinegaste, "battle of the spurs," 319, 334.
Guines captured from the English, 321.
Guise, house of, 319, 321.

Guizot, 527; ministry of, 497, 529; with
Soult, 530

Gunpowder first used, 279.
Gunpowder plot, 340.

Gunther of Schwarzburg, 248.
Guntram, 181.

Guptas in India, 24, 210.
Gurko, 522, 523.

Gustavus I., Vasa, k. of Sweden, 352; II.,
Adolphus, reign in Sweden, 352; in the
thirty years' war, 311; death of, 312;
III., 409; IV., abdication of, 472.
Gutenberg, John, early printer, 253.

Guy of Lusignan, k. of Jerusalem, 214,
215, 216.

Guyenne, transferred from France to Eng-
land, 226, 231; ceded to England, 258;
lost, 260. See Aquitania.

Guzerat, expedition of Mahmud to, 211;
conquest of, 241: Afghan kings, 353.
Gyges, k. of Lydia, 6, 21.
Gylippus, 67.
Gyulay, 502.

Habeas corpus act, 381; suspended, 388,
535, 536, 538; in Ireland, 544.
Hadrian, Roman emp., revolt of Jews un-
der, 12, 37; reign, 153; in Britain, 176.
Hafurstfjord, battle of, 208.
Hagelberg, battle of, 477.
Hague, convention of the, 396.
Haidar Ali of Mysore, 442, 444.
Haidarábád, nizam of, 443.
Hakem II., 209.

Hakodate, battle of, 563.

Hakon, k. of Norway, 208; IV., 238; V.,
238; VII., 237, 238; VIII, 238.
Hakon Jarl, k. of Norway, 208.
Hale, Nathan, 428.

Hales, sir Edward, 383.

Halfdan the Black, k. of Norway, 208.
Haliartus, battle of, 70.

Halifax, member of council, 381; in oppo-
sition, 382; pres. of council, 383; pres.
of provisional council, 355; resigns, 387;
impeached, 388; not in council, 433;
whig leader, 435; first lord of treas. 436.
Halifax, e. of, sec. of state, 439.
Halland, 236, 238.

Halys, 21, 134.

Hanging gardens in Babylon, 12.
Hannibal, destroys Saguntum, 113; crosses
the Alps, 113; arouses the Gauls, 35, 114;
Cannæ, 115; before the gates of Rome,
110; leaves Italy, 117; defeated at Zama,
118; received by Antiochus, 119; death,
120.

Hanover, ninth electorate, 372; treaty
with Sweden, 396; allied with Prussia,
404; treaty with England, 437; receives
Osnabrück, 465; Prussia receives H.,
467; Napoleon wishes to take away, 468;
occupied by French, 469; becomes king-
dom under Geo. III. of England, 538;
separation from Great Britain, 491, 542
invaded by Prussians, 508; incorporated
with Prussia, 510.

Hanseatic cities annexed to France, 473.
Hanseatic league, 237, 249.

Hapsburg counts in Switzerland, 245.

Hengist, 177.

Hapsburg, house of, 253; male line ex- | Hengestesdun, battle of, 181, 203.
tinct, 400; deposition, 495.
Hardeknut. See Harthacnut.
Hardenberg, 457, 482.

Hardinge, sir Henry, gov. gen. in India,
546.

Harley, Robert, speaker, 388, 433; dis-
missed from cabinet, 434; attempted as-
sassination, 435; created earl of Oxford
and Mortimer, 435.
Harmodius, 54.

Harold Hildetand, k. of Denmark, 207;
Blue-tooth, k. of Denmark, 207; Heyn,
k. of Denmark, 208.

Harold I., Harefoot (son of Cnut), k. of
England, 206; II. (son of Godwine),
206.

Harold Haarfager, k. of Norway, 208;
Hardrada, k. of Norway, invaded Eng-
land, 206; war with Denmark, 207;
founds Opsla, 209; Gille, k. of Norway,
238.

Haroun-al-Rashid, 186, 210.
Harpagus, 26.

Harrison, Wm. H., pres. of U. S., 554.
Hartford convention, 551.

Harthacnut, k. of England, 206; k. of Den-
mark (Hardeknut), 207.

Hartington, marquis of, sec. for India, 546.
Harvard College, 297.

Hasdrubal, in Spain, 113; defeated, 115;
death, 117.

Hasdrubal, son of Gisgo, 117.

Hastenbeck, battle of, 404.

Hastings, battle of, 206.

Hennepin, discovers Mississippi, 364.
Henry, d. of Anjou. See Henry III., k.
of France.

Henry the Bastard, k. of Castile, 276.
Henry the Quarrelsome, d. of Bavaria, 196,
197; the Proud, d. of Bavaria, 218, 219;
Jasomirgott, d. of Bavaria, 219.

Henry I., k. of England, reign, 230; II.,
Beauclerc, acquired Poitou, Guyenne,
and Gascony by marriage, 226; reign,
231; conquest of Ireland, Becket, 232;
III. of England, reign, 234; IV. (d. of
Lancaster), reign, 270; V., war with
France, 259; reign, 271; VI. in France,
259; reign, 271; captured, 277; put to
death, 274; VII. (e. of Richmond), 275;
reign, 333; VIII., alliance with Charles
V., 305; reign, 334; head of church, 335.
Henry I., k. of France, 203; II., treaty with
Charles V., 305; reign, 319; acquisition
of Brittany, 320; of Calais, Metz, Toul,
and Verdun, 321; III., reign, 322; k. of
Poland, 352; IV. (Navarre), part in the
wars of religion, 322; reign, 324; "V.,"

533.

Henry I., k. of Germany, 194, 195; II. (the
Saint), emp. H. R. E., 197, 198; III.
(the Black), 199; IV., 199, 200; V., 201;
VI., 222, 223; VII., 245.

Henry of Champagne, k. of Jerusalem, 216.
Henry of Guise, 321.

Henry of Navarre. See Henry IV., k. of
France.

Hastings, Warren, sketch of life of, gov.- Henry of Plauen, 277.

gen. of India, 444.

Hatto, archb. of Mainz, 194.

Havana, surrendered to English, 422; re-

stored to Spain, 423.

Hawaii, 442.

Hayes, R. B., pres. of the United States,
560.

Haynau, 495, 496, 498.

Hayne, colonel, 553.

Heathfield, battle of, 179.

Hébert, 451, 454, 455.
Hebrides, conquest of, 209.
Hector, 47.

Hegemony of Argos, 48; of Sparta, 56, 69;
of Athens, 61; of Thebes, 70; of Mace-
donia, 73.

Hegira, 182.

Hei.

See Heike.

588

Herod (the Great), k. of Judea, 11.
Herod Agrippa, I., k. of Judea, 11.
Herrenhausen, alliance of, 398.
Herzegovina, revolt, 521; given to Aus-
tria, 524; disturbance in, 525; sup-
pressed, 526.

Hesse, origin, 225, 492.

Hesse-Cassel, in peace of Westphalia, 316;
becomes an electorate, 464; not in con-
federacy of the Rhine, 468; revolution
in, 492; invaded by Prussians, 504; in-
corporated with Prussia, 510.
Hesse-Darmstadt, joins confederacy of the
Rhine, 468; joins allies, 479.
Hia, dynasty of, in China, 31.
Hideyoshi, government of, 355, 356.
Hiempsal, 126.
Hienfung, 561.

Hiero, k. of Syracuse, 110, 115.
Hieroglyphics, 3.

Holstein-Gottorp, house of in Sweden, 409;
in Russia, 411.

Holy alliance, 485; Monroe's attitude con-
cerning, 552.

334.
Holy league against France, 300, 318, 326,

Holy league in France, 322.

pire under Otto, 196; end of, 462, 468.
Holy Roman Empire, revival of Roman em-
See Germany.

Homer, 49.
Holy wars, I., 52; II., 71; III., 72

Homildon Hill, battle of, 270.
Hone, acquittal of, 538.
Honorius, Roman emp., 38, 161.
Honorius III., pope, 224.
Hooker, gen., 557, 558.

Hoorn, c. von, executed, 330.
Hophra, k. of Egypt, 6.
Hôpital, de l', 321.

Holland, kingdom of, under Louis Bona-
parte, 468; merged in kingdom of the
Netherlands, 483; separated from Bel-
gium, 439. See, also, Netherlands.
Holland, lord, 439, 441.

Holles, impeachment of, 346, 351.
Holstein, given to Adolf of Schaumberg,
218; Adolf capt. by Knut VI. of Den-
mark, cedes H. to Waldemar, II., k. of
Denmark, 235; ceded to Adolf the young,
235; peace of Travendal, 394; united
with Denmark, 409; war with Denmark,
496; occupied by the German confedera-
tion, 505 united with Prussia, 510.
Holstein-Gottorp, d. of, 394, 397.

Howe, lord, occupies Philadelphia, 429.
Howick, first lord of the admiralty, 537;
sec. of war, 540. See earl Grey.

Hubert de Burgh, 234.
Hubertsburg, peace of, 406.

Hudson Bay Company, incorporation of,
358.

Hudson's Bay, discovery of, 299, 363.
Hudson, Henry, voyage of, 298.
Hudson river, 294, 298.
Hugh Capet, k. of France, 202.
Hugh the White, d. of France, 202.
Huguenots, wars of the, 321.
Huguenot colony in America, 288.
Humbert I., k. of Italy, 524.
Humboldt, W. von, 477, 482, 487.
Hundred days in France, 526.
Hundred years' war, 257.
Hungary, occupied by Magyars, 193, 277;
Hungarians ravage Germany, 194; de-
feated by Henry, 195; and Otto (Lech-
feld), 196; lose Styria to Bohemia, 244;
emp. Albert, II., k. of, 253; history to
1490, 277; golden bull, 277; H. united
with Bohemia and secured to emp. Max.,
278; war with Turks (Mohacs), disputed
election, 303; Ferdinand I., elected k.,
306; succession secured to Hapsburg,
372; Maria Theresa, q. of H., 400; Mo-
riamur, etc., disputed, 401, n.; revolt
under Kossuth, 494; constitution abol
ished, 496; Feb. constitution, 504; con-
stitution of H. restored, Austrian emp.,
k. of H. 511.

Hung Sui-tsuen, leader of the Tai-ping re
bellion, 561; suicide, 562.

Inaros, 28.

Independents, 349, 350.

India, visited by Tyrians, 18; geography,
early religion, 22; arrival of Hindus in
the Punjab, 22; settlement and con-
quest, 23, castes, ib.; rise of Brahmism,
ib.; of Buddhism, ib.; invasion of Alex-
ander, 23, 75; Bactriau rulers, 24; Scyth-
ians, Guptas, ib.: early history, 210; sui-
tans of Ghazni, of Ghor, 211; sultans of
Delhi, Timur Shah, 211; western route
to India, 232; Mughal empire, 353;
Portuguese, Dutch, English in I., East
India companies, 354; Aurangzeb, 389;
decline of Mughal empire, 442; Mah-
ratta power, 443; British in India,
Black, Hole, 443; Clive, Hastings, 444,
East India Company subordinated to
government, 442; Cornwallis and Wel-
lington Mahratta wars, 541; queen of
England proclaimed sovereign of India,
511; Afghan wars, 546, 547; Sepoy re-
bellion, 546; government transferred to
crown, 514; famine, 547.
India bill, 535.
Indians of America; rapid disappearance
from West Indies, 284; John Smith cap-
tured by, 291; intercourse with Plym-
outh colony, 295; Pequot war, 297;
Champlain among, 299; John Eliot
among, 357; Hurons massacred by Iro-

quois, 357; King Philip's war, 359;
Penn's treaty, 360; King William's war,
361, Queen Anne's war, Deerfield de-
stroyed, 363; French among the urons,
wars with Iroquois, 364; war in Caro-
lina, and New England, 417; old French
and Indian war, 420; conspiracy of on-
tiac, 423; Wyoming massacre, 430; In-
dian war, 547; Seminole war, 552, 553.
Indo-European family, Introduction, X.,
85, 86.

Ine, king of Wessex, 180.

Inge Baardsen, k. of Norway, 238.
Ingebord, 226, 235, 238.

Ingjald Ill-raada, k. of Sweden, 208.
Ingævones, 163.

Inkermann, battle of, 500.

Innocent III., pope, originates the 4th
crusade, 216; obtains Mathilda's estates
from Otho IV., 223; contest with John
of England, 233, IV., 225.

Inquisition, establishment of, by Gregory
IX., 227; by Paul 111., 327; in Spain,

330.

Interim of Augsburg, 305.

International postal congress, 521.
Interregnum in the Holy Roman Empire,
225; in England, 384.
Intibili, battle of, 116.
Inverlochy, battle of, 348.
Investiture strife, 200, 201.

Ionian Islands, retained by Venice, 326;
occupied by French, ceded to France,
459; Republic of the Seven I. I. 461;
forms a part of the Illyrian provinces,
472; protectorate over, given to Eng-
land, 483; ceded to Greece, 505, 544.
Ionians in Greece, 43; colonize Asia Mi.
nor, 49; subdued by Croesus, 21; revolt
from Persia, 28.

Ipsus, battle of, 77.

Iran, plateau of, 12; subjugated by Tiglath-
Pileser II., 14; inhabited by Bactrians,
Medes, Persians, 24; attacked by Assyr-
ians, 25; conquered by Cyrus, 26; sul-
tanate of, 210.

Ireland, ancient, geography, religion, and
civilization, 38; mythical history, 38,
39; Norwegians take Dublin, 209; con-
quered by Henry II., 232; English Pale,
270; statute of Drogheda, 333; rebellion
of Tyrone, 339; government of Went-
worth (Strafford), 344; Ulster rebellion,
345, 348; Cromwell in Ireland, storm of
Drogheda, 375; war for James II., 386;
battle of the Boyne, 387; treaty of
Limerick, ib.; Irish catholic laws, 433,
United Irishmen, 536; union with Great
Britain, ib.; Irish reform act, 540; fam-
ine of 1846-47, 543; uprising under
O'Brien, ib. habeas corpus act suspend-
ed, 544; disestablishment of the Irish
(Episcopal) church, 545; land league,
ib.; coercion act, land act, 546.
Irene, 210.
Ireton, 376.

Iroquois, war with Hurons and Canada,
364 See Indians of America.
Isaac, 7.

Isaac Angelus, Grecian emp., 216.
Isabeau of Bavaria, 259.

Isabella heiress of Castile 276 328.

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