Brown, John, early career, 68;

antagonism to slavery, 69;
in Kansas, 70; Pottawatomie
massacre, 70; scheme of
negro mountain stronghold,
Kansas Regulars," 71;
71;
arms from Massachusetts
committee, 71, 72; plan re-
vealed to friends, 72-74;
in Canada "constitution,
74; plan betrayed and post-
poned, 75; duplicity in trans-
fer of Kansas committee
rifles, 75, 76; return to Kan-
sas, 76; Missouri raid, 77; at
Kennedy farm, 77, 82; plan
betrayed to secretary of war,
78; orders for attack on
Harper's Ferry, 78; execu-
tion of attack, 79; fighting
with militia, 80; captured
by marines, 80; after capt-
ure, 81; treatment of prison-
ers, 81; trial, 82; hanged,
82; conduct during trial, 82;
effect at the North, 83; con-
duct of the South, 84; action
and that of abettors con-
demned, 84 - 46; folly of
scheme, 87; hope for a slave
rising, 88; unfitness for lead-
ership, 89; rebound of north-
ern sentiment, 89, 104; con-
gressional inquiry, 96; Doug-
las on raid, 97; bibliography,
350.

Brown, Oliver, Harper's Ferry
raid, killed, 80.
Brown, Owen, Harper's Ferry
raid, 77; escape, 81.
Brown, Watson, Harper's Ferry
raid, killed, 80.
Buchanan, James, and Cuba
and Mexico, 61, 106; Covode
inquiry, 105; responsibility
for Democratic split, 133;
cabinet attitude on secession,
151; influence of Trescot,
152; and reinforcement of

355

Charleston forts (Dec.), 153,
154; bluffed to prevent rein-
forcements, 154-156, 188;
assured of South Carolina's
immediate secession, 156;
and South Carolina congress-
men, 157; passive attitude
as to forts, 158; and Cass's
resignation, 158; passive at-
titude promotes secession,
159; and Black's opinion on
collecting revenue and de-
fending property, 159-161;
policy of delay, 161; failure,
161, 184; message, 162-164;
and Scott's advice on rein-
forcement, 186; result of
failure to follow it, 187-189;
and instructions to Anderson,
199; and Pickens's demand
for Sumter, 201-204; and re-
moval to Sumter, 211-213;
and South Carolina com-
missioners, 213-215; reply to
commissioners, 215-218; their
rejoinder, 218; change in atti-
tude, 219, 246; appoints col-
lector for Charleston, 220;
message on finances and se-
cession, 220; and Star of the
West expedition, 224, 225;
promises support to Ander-
son, 234; rejects Ward's plan
of relief, 237; and Fox's plan,
238; and demand for Sum-
ter, 240; and Sumter truce,
241, 261, 269; and Fort
Pickens, 249-251; continued
peace delusion, 262; char-
acter in the crisis, 262; and
Washington birthday parade,
263; and Lincoln, 285; bib-
liography of administration,
343-352; biographies, 348,
349.

Buell, D. C., instructions to
Anderson, 198.
Bullock, E. C., advice on seces-
sion, 136.

223; Star of the West, 224-234;
Anderson promised support,
234; his confidence, 234;
unfortunate effect of this,
235; Black's memorandum
on, 235, 236; Scott's reply,
237; Ward's plan to relieve,
237; Fox's plan, 237; harbor
entrance obstructed, 239; de-
mand for surrender of Sum-
ter (Jan.), 239; one-sided
truce, 239-241, 251, 261, 269;
secessionist game of delay,
239, 240, 268, 290, 303, 309;
Pickens's letter on delivery
of Sumter, 240; Confederacy
assumes control of question,
259; Pickens urges attack,
260; Beauregard in com-
mand, 260; urges prevention
of Sumter reinforcement,
261; first attitude of Lin-
coln's cabinet, 289; Lincoln
recognizes necessity of retain-
ing Sumter, 289, 341; food
problem at Sumter, 290, 321,
322; responsibility for this,
290-292; Lincoln's determi-
nation, 292; Scott advises
against relief, 293; renewal
of Fox's plan, 293; first cab-
inet consultation on relief,
294-296; Seward announces
intended abandonment, 296;
Seward - Campbell negotia-
tions, 298-301, 308-311; Con-
federates discount Seward's
statements, 301, 309, 310;
Seward's sincerity, 302, 311;
Douglas urges withdrawal,
302; public interest, 302;
Republican sentiment, 302;
Anderson and Fox's plan,
304; Lamon's unauthorized
statements, 305, 308, 321;
second cabinet meeting on
relief, 306; relief expedition
ordered, 307; Lincoln in-
forms Pickens of relief, 310,

327; preparation of expedi-
tion, 312, 313, 331-333; and
Pensacola relief expedition,
314; another vessel fired on,
322; Anderson fears aban-
donment, 323, 324; Con-
federates ready for attack,
324; knowledge of Fox expe-
dition, 324-326; Sumter iso-
lated, 324; conditions before
the attack, 326; preparation
at Sumter, 327; Confederate
batteries, 328; attack order-
ed, 329; demand for evacua-
tion made, 330; Anderson's
remark on shortage, 330; his
offer declined, 331; relief ex-
pedition at the bar, 333;
bombardment, first day, 334-
336; fire in Sumter, 336, 337;
second day, 337; surrender,
338-340; effect of relief ex-
pedition, 340; bibliography,
344, 351.
Chase, S. P., candidacy for

-

presidential nomination, 116;
votes for, 119; Wilson on
candidacy, 120; selected for
treasury portfolio, 281; and
relief of Sumter, 295, 306;
bibliography, 350.
Chesnut, James, resigns from
Senate, 168; and Sumter,
330, 331, 339.

Chew, R. S., sent to Charleston,

go.

Colorado, territory organized,
183.
Commerce, effect of steam on
southern foreign, 15; value
of export of cotton, 29; decay
of South Carolina, 65.
Compact theory, Calhoun and
Webster on, 44.
Compromise, Buchanan's sug-
gested amendments, 163;
congressional committees to
consider, 166, 172; South
does not desire, 167-169;
Dunn's resolution, 169; Wade
on, 169; Crittenden com-
promise, 170-172; Senate
committee rejects it, 172;
Republican offer, 172; Lin-
coln's attitude, 172, 176, 180,
181, 279, 280; amendment
guaranteeing state slavery,
173, 178-180, 284, 286; com-
mittee reports failure, 173;
popularity of Crittenden,
173-175; Weed's, 174; Re-
publican responsibility for
rejection, 175-177, 180; at-
tempted popular vote on,

177; House committee re-
ports, 178; justification of Re-
publican opposition, 181–183;
Buchanan's message, 221;
hopeless, 222; Buchanan
clings to idea, 261-263; call
of Peace Convention, 268-
270; meeting, 270-272; re-
sult, 272, 273; public disap-
pointment over failure, 274.
Compromise of 1850, Calhoun
on, 48; Clay's attitude, 49;
wisdom of Webster's speech,
50-52.

Confederate States, states form-
ing, 3; formation advised,
169, 242; convention to form,
251; provisional congress,
252; officers elected, 253;
financial measures, 254; takes
over Federal questions, 254;
Davis's inaugural, 255; com-
missioners to Washington,
256; constitution, 256-258;
founded on slavery, 258;
reception of commissioners,
297, 311.

Congress, Thirty-sixth: com-
plexion, 90, 95; prominent
members, 90; speakership
contest, 91; imminence of
conflict, 92, 94; threats of
disunion, 93; answer to
threats, 93, 95; Harper's Fer-
ry raid, 96; Douglas on Re-
publican party, 97; Davis's
distribution of arms bill, 98;
Davis's resolutions, 99-101,
104; Seward's speech on
slavery, 102-104; disorders,
105; no slavery legislation,
105; Covode inquiry, 105;
Mexican treaty, 107; naval
estimates cut down, 124, 125;
Sumner's speech on slavery,
125; annual message (1860),
162-164; and Anderson, 220;
message of January 8, 220;
House resolution on Charles-

ton forts, 221; withdrawal of
southerners, 253. See also
Compromise.
Conkling, Roscoe, in Congress,

90.

Constitution, interpretations of
Calhoun and Webster, 43-46;
Confederate compared with
Federal, 256-259.
Constitutional

Union party,
nominees and platform, 114;
vote for, 132.
Continental Congress and slave-

trade (1776), 5.
Conway, M. D., on John Brown,
83.
Coppoc, Barclay, Harper's Fer-
ry raid, 78.

Corwin, Thomas, and compro-
mise, 178-180.
Cotton, necessity of slave cult-
ure, 7, 8; growth of produc-
tion, 9; character of culture,
9; importance as export, 29;
basis of "cotton is king," 30,
104; Confederate export, 254.
Covode inquiry, 105.
Cox, S. S, in Congress, 90.
Crawford, M. J., disunion threat

(1859), 93; commissioner to
Washington, 256; on Bu-
chanan, 262; on Lincoln's
inaugural, 287; and Seward,
297, 298, 311; and Seward-
Campbell negotiation, 298-
301, 308, 311; on Lincoln's
intentions, 323.
Crawford, S W., and removal
to Sumter, 208.
Crittenden, J. J., on Calhoun,

38; compromise propositions,
170-172; committee of thir-
teen, 172; and popular vote
on amendment, 177; and
Peace Convention compro-
mise, 273; bibliography, 349.
Crittenden compromise, provi-
sions, 170-172; rejected by
Senate committee, 172; pop-

DAKOTA, territory organized,
183.

Davis, H. W., in Congress, 90.
Davis, J. C., occupies Castle
Pinckney, 200.

Davis, Jefferson, on constitu-
tional cause of secession, 12;
on climatic limitations of
slavery, 52; distribution of
arms bill, 98; resolutions on
state rights and slavery, 99-
IOI, 104; on sectional hostil-
ity and secession, 148; ad-
vises secession and confedera-
tion, 169; committee of
thirteen, 172; and Critten-
den compromise, 172, 175;
and removal to Sumter, 212;
manifesto of southern con-
gressmen, 242; and secession
as conspiracy, 243-245; Con-
federate provisional presi-
dent, 253; withdraws from
Senate, 254; reluctant ac-
ceptance of presidency, 254;
foresees war, 254; inaugural,
255; cabinet, 255; and Sew-
ard's peace statements, 301,
303; bibliography, 348, 350.
Davis, Reuben, in Congress, 90;

bibliography, 349.

De Bow, J. D. B., on slavery in
Missouri, 23; and reopening
of slave-trade, 62.
Debt, Confederate loans, 254.