and about the sixth hour.* And he said to the Jews,"Behold your king: "—but they cried out,-" Away with him, away with him, crucify him."-Pilate said to them,— "Shall I crucify your king?"-The chief priests replied,"We have no king but Cæsar."-When Pilate perceived that his efforts were of no avail, but that, on the contrary, a tumult was arising, he took water, and washed his hands before the multitude, saying,-"I am innocent of the blood of this righteous man: See ye to it."-All the people replied,—“His blood be on us, and on our children.”—And their clamors, and those of the chief priests prevailed; for Pilate, desirous to satisfy the multitude, gave sentence that their demand should be executed. So he released to them Barabbas, imprisoned on account of sedition and murder, whom they had desired, and delivered Jesus to them to be crucified.

Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into the palace, and gathered around him the whole guard; and when they had [again] mocked him, they stripped him of the purple robe, put on him his own clothes, and led him away to crucify [him]. As they went forth, they met coming from the country a Cyrenian named Simon, the father of Alexander and Rufus: him they compelled [to assist, and] laid on him the cross to carry behind Jesus. And there followed him a great multitude of the people, as likewise many women, who smote their breasts and lamented him; but Jesus turned toward them and said,"Daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children: for behold! days are coming wherein they will say, Happy [are] barren women, wombs which never bare, and breasts which never suckled. Then will they begin to say to the mountains, Fall on us,

* So termed by John, chap. 19, v. 14; probably in reference to some ecclesiastical computation of the day, equivalent to the third civil hour so distinctly mentioned by Mark, chap. 15, v. 25.

and to the hills, Cover us; for if they do these things to the green tree, what will be done to the dry [tree]?"And two malefactors were also led forth to suffer death with him. So bearing his cross, Jesus went forth to the place named after a skull,* and in Hebrew called Golgotha. On arriving at this place, they offered him a draught of wine and myrrh,† [as it were] vinegar mingled with gall; but after tasting he refused to drink [it]. Then they crucified him there, as likewise the malefactors, one on the right hand, the other on the left, and Jesus in the midst; in fulfilment of the Scripture which saith,-He was ranked among transgressors;-but Jesus said,-"Father! forgive them, for they know not what they are doing."-Pilate also caused a title denoting the charge against Jesus to be written, and fixed to the cross over his head,-THIS IS JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS.-Many of the Jews therefore read this title; for the quarter of the city where Jesus was crucified was near, and it was written in Hebrew, Greek, [and] Latin. Then said the Jewish chief priests to Pilate,-"Write not, The king of the Jews; but that he said, I am king of the Jews." Pilate answered,"What I have written I have written."-When the soldiers had crucified Jesus they took his outer garments, and divided them into four parts, for each soldier a part, as likewise his vest. Now the vest was without seam, woven from the top throughout: so they said one to another,— "Let us not rend it, but cast lots for it, [to settle] whose it shall be;"-in fulfilment of the Scripture which saith,

* ἐξῆλθεν εἰς τὸν λεγόμενον Κρανίου τόπον. John, chap. 19, ν. 17. Golgotha is never in Scripture termed a mount.

†éœuvρvioμévov olvov: Mark, chap. 15, v. 23; here supposed to be equivalent to the vinegar mingled with gall, mentioned by Matt. chap. 27, v. 34.

† ὅτι ἐγγὺς ἦν ὁ τόπος τῆς πόλεως ὅπου ἐσταυρώθη ὁ Ἰησοῦς. John, chap, 19, v. 20; so termed in a general sense, although without the walls of Jerusalem. Heb. chap. 13, v. 11, 12.

They parted my garments among them, and for my vesture they cast lots.—Thus accordingly the soldiers did; for after parting his outer garments, they cast lots for them, [to settle] what each man should take. It was the third hour when they crucified him, and they sat down and guarded him there, while the people stood looking on. And those who passed by reviled him, shaking their heads, and saying,—“ Aha! thou that destroyest the temple, and rebuildest [it] in three days, save thyself. If thou art the Son of God, come down from the cross."-In like manner the chief priests also, jesting among themselves, with the scribes and elders said,-"He saved others, [but] cannot save himself. If he is the Christ, the chosen of God, the king of Israel, let him now come down from the cross, that we may see and believe. He trusted in God; let [God] now deliver him if he will have him, for he said, I am the Son of God."-The soldiers likewise mocked him, coming up and offering him vinegar, and saying,-" If thou art the king of the Jews, save thyself."-One even of the crucified malefactors reviled him, saying,—“If thou art the Christ, save thyself and us:"--but the other replied, and rebuked him, saying, "Dost not thou fear God, since thou art suffering the same punishment ?* We indeed [suffer] justly, for we receive the due recompense of our actions, but this man never did any thing amiss."-And he said to Jesus,-"Lord! remember me when thou comest in thy kingdom."-Jesus said to him, "I tell thee truly, this day thou shalt be with me in Paradise."-Now there stood near the cross of Jesus his mother, and Mary the [wife] of Cleopas, her sister, and Mary of Magdala. Then Jesus seeing his mother, and the disciple also whom he loved standing near, said to his mother," Woman! behold thy son: "—then he said to the disciple,-“ Behold thy mother: "-and from that hour the disciple received

* ὅτι ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ κρίματι εἶ.

Luke, chap. 23, v. 40.

her to his home. When the sixth hour was come a darkness overspread the whole land till the ninth hour, and the sun was obscured. At the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice,-" Eloi! Eloi! lamma sabachthani ?"—which when translated is,—“My God! my God! why hast thou forsaken me ?"-On hearing [this], some of the bystanders said,—“Behold! he calleth on Elijah.”—Then Jesus, knowing that all things were now accomplished, that the Scripture might be fulfilled, said—“I thirst."—And there stood near a vessel full of vinegar: so one of them immediately ran, and took a sponge, and having filled [it] with vinegar, and fastened [it] to a rod of hyssop,* gave him drink; but the rest said,-"Hold! let us see whether Elijah will come and deliver him."-When Jesus had received the vinegar he again cried with a loud voice, saying, "[All] is accomplished: Father! into thy hands I commit my spirit."-Having thus spoken, he bowed his head and resigned his spirit. And behold! the veil of the temple split asunder in the midst from the top to the bottom, and the earth quaked, and the rocks were rent, and the tombs were opened, and many bodies of holy persons deceased arose, who coming out of the tombs after his resurrection, entered the holy city and appeared to many. When the centurion who stood opposite, and those who were with him guarding Jesus, observed the earthquake and the [other] events, [and] that he expired with such a cry, they feared greatly, [and] gave Glory to God, saying,

Certainly this man was a son of God." -And the whole multitude who had come together to this spectacle, on observing these events, returned smiting their breasts. And

* Kal Teρidels Kaλáμ. Matt. chap. 27, v. 48;-Mark, chap. 15, v. 36; kal vσσúτų Tepidévтes. John, chap. 19, v. 29; supposed to be the stem of a large species of hyssop, probably growing on the spot.

Deo vids. Matt. chap. 27, v. 54:—vids Deoû, Mark, chap. 15, v. 39:-dikalos, Luke, chap. 23, v. 47.

all the friends and acquaintance of Jesus stood afar off beholding these things, with many women, among whom was Mary of Magdala, and Mary the mother of James the less, and of Joses, and Salome the mother of the sons of Zebadiah; who had also followed him and ministered to him when he was in Galilee, as likewise many other women who had come up with him to Jerusalem.

Now in order that the bodies might not remain on the cross during the sabbath-day, as it was then the preparation-day, for that sabbath-day was a high day, the Jews requested Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away. So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first and of the other who was crucified with Jesus; but, on coming to him, as they perceived that he was already dead, they did not break his legs one of the soldiers, however, pierced his side with a spear, and immediately there came forth blood and water. He that bears [this] testimony saw [the fact *], and his testimony is true, and he is sure that he relates what is true, that ye also may believe: for these things happened in fulfilment of the scripture,-not one of his bones shall be broken;-and again, another scripture saith,-They shall look on him whom they pierced.-After this, when it was now late, there came a rich man of Arimathea, a city of the Jews, named Joseph, a good and upright man, and a member of the Sanhedrim, but who had not consented to their plot nor to its execution,t being himself one who expected the kingdom of God, and a disciple of Jesus, although secretly through fear of the Jews: this man went boldly to Pilate, and requested that he might take the body of Jesus. Pilate wondered if Jesus were already dead, so calling the centurion, he asked him if he

* Καὶ ὁ ἑωρακώς μεμαρτύρηκε. John, chap. 19, ν. 35.

† Οὗτος οὐκ ἦν συγκατατεθειμένος τῇ βουλῇ καὶ τῇ πράξει αὐτῶν. Luke, chap. 23, v. 51.