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And the kingdom and dominion, and the greatness of the kingdom under the whole heaven, shall be given to the people of the saints of the Most High, whose kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, and all dominions shall serve and obey him.

Hitherto is the end of the matter. As for me, Daniel, my cogitation much troubled me, and my countenance changed in me; but I kept the matter in my heart.-The Book of Daniel, Chapter vii.

This prophetic dream, though written and dreamed before the Christian era, is weird in its application to present day conditions. France, Russia, England, Germany-France with the heart of a man, the Russian bear devouring much flesh, England with its four wings and four heads (Scotland, Ireland, England and Wales) and to whom dominion was accorded, and the fourth beast Germany with its nails of brass and teeth of iron. As for the man who "speaks great words against the Most High, and shall wear out the saints of the Most High" and who presumes to think "to change times and laws," there could be but one in all the centuries that are past and in those

to come.

Apart from the somewhat intangible function of prophesying the future, dreams have in several instances been turned to more practical purposes. In Scotland and in France, for instance, they have been used to strengthen the arm of the law.

Mr. John Hill Burton in his book entitled "Narratives from Criminal Trials in Scotland," mentions an instance in which a prophetic dream assisted the ends of justice.

In the year 1831 a young Highlander was tried and executed for the murder of a peddler "in the wilds of Assynt in Rossshire. A certain Kenneth Fraser, the village tailor, pointed out the place where the plunder was hidden, and stoutly maintained that it had been revealed to him in a dream. The testimony is given thus: 'I was at home when I had the dream

in the month of February. It said to me in my sleep, by a voice like a man's, that the pack was lying in such a place. I got a sight of the place, just as if I had been awake. I never saw the place before. The voice said in Gaelic-"The pack of the merchant is lying in a cairn of stones in a hole near the house.' The voice did not name the McLeods, but he got sight of the ground, fronting the south with the sun shining on it, and a burn running beneath McLeod's house.'"-Aberdeen Magazine, II, 94.

Cuthbert Tunstall mentions the case of M. Bérard, now a member of the French Chamber of Deputies.

Bérard in those days was a magistrate. Upon one occasion chance led him to a lonely inn in a forest in the mountains of the Cevennes. In the night he dreamed that the wife of the inn-keeper seized his arms and held him while the man cut his throat with a kitchen knife. Then the murderers took the body and threw it into a pit half-filled with stable manure. Bérard awoke from the dream covered with sweat and shivering with terror. At daybreak he left the inn, but before leaving he took a good look at his hosts, silent black-browed mountaineers.

A year later this same Monsieur Bérard found himself sent as examining magistrate to the chief town in this same district. His first case was a mystery of long-standing; a notary had disappeared with a large trust fund. The Police classified it as a case of ordinary embezzlement, but at the time of M. Bérard's arrival an anonymous letter had stated that on the evening of his disappearance the notary had been seen entering the wayside inn. On summoning the inn-keeper and his wife to give evidence, Bérard recognized the murderers he had seen in his dream. Obstinately the man and his wife denied all knowledge of the notary, until finally, full of his dream, Berard said to them: "You are the assassins; I saw you commit that crime. You, the man, cut the notary's throat with a big kitchen knife, while you, the

woman, held his arms; then the two of you threw his body into the manure pit. It is there now."

The murderers confessed and Inspector Rossignol, who had been sent from Paris to find the supposed criminal, proceeded to search the pit; here he found the notary's body.

CHAPTER VIII

YOUR DREAM WILL FIND YOU OUT

"There is an universal law that limits the power of any creature in exact proportion to his advancement along the indefinite route of his limitations."-Papus.

Epictetus advised that dreams should not be related, for while the dreamer might enjoy the recital, the listener might be bored. Though time has not weakened the philosopher's advice it has reversed the reasons which led to it. For in the instance of the modern dream the latterday victims are not, as of yore, the listeners, who, like the hapless wedding guest, "may not chuse but hear," it is the dreamer himself who must cry for mercy as the secrets of his innermost soul are laid bare and bleeding upon the altar of psychological investigation.

The outcome of modern dissection is usually a glorification of the abnormal mentality, while normal minds and normal dreams are overlooked; a condition largely due to the natural reticence of the average person, who is instinctively silent upon topics previously held as sacred, or those intimately associated with the inner consciousness. Thus the average investigator of dream psychology has been compelled to use either his own dream experiences or those of his patients, a procedure that must inevitably render the dream analyses more or less abnormal in their nature. For the dream of a pathological subject must of necessity partake of the qualities and peculiarities of the dreamer, while the student's own dreams must inevitably partake of the individual characteristics of the dreamer, thus banishing the fundamental quali

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ties of the impersonal dream, viz., psychism and the free play of fancy.

The machinery of the dream, namely, the content, framework, etc., would bear analysis, but the subtle psychic value of the dream as a dream would be absent, or in the case of the dreamings of an invalid, would be distorted by neurosis, or whatever the ailment of the dreamer. The fact that most students of the dream are physicians, practitioners, or students of morbid psychology and of nervous diseases argues an ailment in the subject. The result has been terrifying, foolish, or even shameful dreams among the neurotics, accompanied by reticence amongst the true dreamers, the normally simplehearted, the kindly and the children with their sunshiny fancies. In fact the abnormal and the pornographic have to such an extent become typified that many dream analysts advise their patients not to relate even the simplest dream in the presence of strangers lest their dream be misconstrued. This attitude does not encourage investigation of psychic and psychological phenomena, the significance of whose nomenclature, derived from the word psyche, or butterfly, is beyond the ken of the searcher with his net and chloroform and pins; and idealists, of whom there are fortunately a few left, hesitate to turn their fragile fancies over for dissection and soulsearing analysis under the same system that is applied to paranoiacs and erotics. A condition of timidity on one side and of merciless misunderstanding on the other has resulted in a quality of coarseness as applied to dream analysis. Undesirable standards and dubious symbols have been established in good faith by scientific dream interpreters, who seem in many cases to lack discrimination in judging the character of the dreamers. Under these conditions a dream conceived without guile and related in all innocence may become translated into a veritable Frankenstein of unsuspected and unknown desires. In short, the dreamers of the world have been robbed of their fancies, and dreams have become psychotherapeutic revelations of depravity. Childhood especially has suffered under

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