horseman, included in the aid furnished by Fyzoola Khân, would prove a literal compliance.

3rd, That the said Hastings doth next resort again to the supposition of our right to the whole 5000 cavalry.

4th, That the said Hastings doth afterwards think, in the event of an explanation of the treaty, and a settlement of the proportion of cavalry, instead of a pecuniary commutation, it will be all we can demand, that the number should at least exceed 2500.

5th, That the said Hastings doth, in calculating the supposed time of their service, assume an arbitrary estimate of one year of war to four of peace; which (however moderate the calculation may appear on the average of the said Hastings's own government) doth involve a principle in a considerable degree repugnant to the system of perfect peace, inculcated in the standing orders of the Company.

6th, That, in estimating the pay of the cavalry to be commuted, the said Hastings doth fix the pay of each man at 50 rupees a month; which on 5000 troops, all cavalry, (as the said Hastings supposes the treaty of Lall-Dang to have meant,) would amount to an expense of 30 lacks a year, or between £300,000 or £400,000. And this expense, strictly resulting (according to the calculations of the said Hastings) from the intention of Sujah ul Dowlah's grant to Fyzoola Khân, was designed to be supported out of a jaghire, valued at 15 lacks only, or something more than £150,000 of yearly revenue, just half the amount of the expense to be incurred in consideration of the said jaghire.

And that a basis of negotiation so inconsistent, so arbitrary, and so unjust, is contrary to that uprightness and integrity, which should mark the transactions of a great state, and is highly derogatory to the honour of this nation.

VIII.

That notwithstanding the seeming moderation and justice of the said Hastings, in admitting the clear and undoubted right of Fyzoola Khân to insist on his treaty, the head of instruction immediately succeeding doth afford just reason for a violent presumption, that such apparent lenity was but policy, to give a colour to his conduct; he the said Hastings, in the very next paragraph, bringing forth a new engine of oppression, as follows:

“To demand the surrender of all the reiats (or peasants) of the Nabob vizier's dominions, to whom Fyzoola has given protection and service, or an annual tribute, in compensation for the loss sustained by the Nabob vizier in his revenue, thus transferred to Fuzoola Khán.

"You have stated the increase of his jaghire, occasioned by this act, at the moderate sum of fifteen lacks. The tribute ught at least to be one third of that amount.

"We conceive, that Fyzoola Khân himself may be disposed to yield to the preceding demand, on the additional condition of being allowed to hold his lands in ultumgaw or an inheritable tenure) instead of his present tenure by agheer (or a tenure for life). This we think the vizier can ave no objection to grant, and we recommend it; but for is a fine or peshcush ought to be immediately paid in the istomary proportion of the jumma, estimated at 30 lacks."

IX.

That the resident Bristow (to whom the letter containing ajor Palmer's instructions is addressed) nowhere attri ates the increase of Fyzoola Khân's revenues to this proction of the fugitive reiats, subjects of the vizier: that e said Warren Hastings was, therefore, not warranted to ake that pretext of such a peremptory demand; that as an ducement to make Fyzoola Khân agree to the said deand, it is offered to settle his lands upon a tenure, which uld secure them to his children; but that settlement is to ng with it a new demand of a fine of thirty lacks, or 00,000 and upwards; that the principles of the said dend are violent and despotic, and the inducement to acescence deceitful and insidious; and that both the demand the inducement are derogatory to the honour of this ion.

X.

That Major Palmer aforesaid proceeded under these inactions to Rampore, where his journey “to extort a sum of zey" was previously known from Alliff Khân, vakeel of oola Khân at the vizier's court; and that, notwithstandthe assurances of the friendly disposition of government en by the said Hastings, (as is herein related,) the Nabob oola Khân did express the most serious and desponding rehensions, both by letter and through his vakeel, to the

resident Bristow, who represents them to Major Palmer in the following manner:

"The Nabob Fyzoola Khân complains of the distresses he has this year suffered from the drought. The whole collections have, with great management, amounted to about twelve lacks of rupees, from which sum he has to support his troops, his family, and several relations and dependents of the late Rohilla chiefs. He says it clearly appears to be intended to deprive him of his country, as the high demand you have made of him is inadmissible. Should he have assented to it, it would be impossible to perform the conditions, and then his reputation would be injured by a breach of agreement. Alliff Khân further represents, that it is his master's intention, in case the demand should not be relinquished by you, first to proceed to Lucknow, where he proposes having an interview with the vizier and resident; if he should not be able to obtain his own terms for a future possession of his jaghire, he will set off for Calcutta in order to pray for justice from the honourable the governor-general. He observes, it is the custom of the honourable Company, when they deprive a chief of his country, to grant him some allowance. This he expects from Mr. Hastings's bounty; but if he should be disappointed, he will certainly set off upon a pilgrimage to Mecca and Medina, and renounce the cares of the world."

"He directs his vakeel to ascertain whether the English intend to deprive him of his country; for if they do, he is ready to surrender it, upon receiving an order from the resident."

XI.

That after much negotiation the Nabob Fyzoola Khân, "being fully sensible, that an engagement to furnish military aid, however clearly the conditions might be stated, must be a source of perpetual misunderstanding and inconveniencies," did at length agree with Major Palmer to give fifteen lacks, or £150,000 and upwards, by four instalments, that he might be exempted from all future claims of military service: that the said Palmer represents it to be his belief, that no person, not known to possess your (the said Hastings's) confidence and support in the degree, that I am supposed to do, would have obtained nearly so good terms;' but from what motive "terms so good" were granted, and the confidence and support of the said Hastings did

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ruly operate on the mind of Fyzɔola Khân, doth appear to e better explained by another passage in the same letter, here the said Palmer congratulates himself on the satisfacon which he gave to Fyzoola Khân in the conduct of this egotiation, as he spent a month in order to effect "by gument and persuasion, what he could have obtained in an Our by threats and compulsions."

FULL VINDICATION OF FYZOOLA KHAN BY MAJOR PALMER AND MR. HASTINGS.

I.

THAT in the course of the said negotiation for establishing e rights of the Nabob Fyzoola Khân, Major Palmer afored did communicate to the resident Bristow, and through e said resident to the council-general of Bengal, the full d direct denial of the Nabob Fyzoola Khân to all and ry of the charges made or pretended to be made against , as follows:

Fyzoola Khân persists in denying the infringement on part of any one article in the treaty, or the neglect of obligation, which it imposed upon him.

He does not admit of the improvements reported to be le in his jaghire; and even asserts, that the collections year will fall short of the original jumma (or estimate) reason of the long drought.

He denies having exceeded the limited number of RoEs in his service;

And having refused the required aid of cavalry, made by nson, to act with General Goddard.

He observes, respecting the charge of evading the vizier's isition for the cavalry, lately stationed at Daranagur, to tationed at Lucknow, that he is not bound by treaty to tain a stationary force for the service of the vizier, but upply an aid of 2000 or 3000 troops in time of war. Lastly, he asserts, that so far from encouraging the ryots peasants) of the vizier to settle in his jaghire, it has been onstant practice to deliver them up to the aumil of Ro nd, whenever he could discover them."

II.

That, in giving his opinions on the aforesaid denials of the Nabob Fyzoola Khân, the said Palmer did not controvert any one of the constructions of the treaty advanced by the said Nabob.

That although the said Palmer, "from general appearances as well as universal report, did not doubt, that the jumma of the jaghire is greatly increased," yet he the said Palmer did not intimate, that it was increased in any degree near the amount reported, as it was drawn out in a regular estimate, transmitted to the said Palmer expressly for the purposes of his negotiation; which was of course by him produced to the Nabob Fyzoola Khân, and to which specifically the denial of Fyzoola Khân must be understood to apply.

That the said Palmer did not hint any doubt of the deficiency affirmed by Fyzoola Khân in the collections for the current year: : and,

That if any increase of jumma did truly exist, whatever it may have been, the said Palmer did acknowledge it "to have been solemnly relinquished (in a private agreement) by the vizier."

That although the said Palmer did suppose the number of Rohillas (employed "in ordinary occupations) in Rampore alone, to exceed that limited by the treaty for his (Fyzoola Khân's) service," yet the said Palmer did by no means imply, that the Nabob Fyzoola Khân maintained in his service a single man more than was allowed by treaty; and by a particular and minute account of the troops of Fyzoola Khân, transmitted by the resident Bristow to the said Palmer, the number was stated but at 5840, probably including officers, who were not understood to be comprehended in the treaty.

That the said Palmer did further admit it "to be not clearly expressed in the treaty, whether the restriction included Rohillas of all descriptions;" but at any rate he adds, “it does not appear, that their number is formidable; or that he (Fyzoola Khân) could by any means subsist such numbers as could cause any serious alarm to the vizier; neither is there any ap pearance of their entertaining any views beyond the quiet possession of the advantages, which they at present enjoy.'

And that in a subsequent letter, in which the said Palmer