WORD AND SENTENCEBOOK A PRACTICAL SPELLER DESIGNED TO TEACH THE FORM, PRONUNCIATION, MEANING, AND USE OF COMMON WORDS MAYNAR Words are things, and a small drop of ink, -BYRON NEW YORK: 1902. PREFACE The essentials of a Spelling-Book are : 1. A collection of practical words. 2. A progressive order of exercises. 3. Form, pronunciation, meaning, and use of words taught together. 4. Words presented in sentences and related groups, as the sentence, not the word, is the unit of thought. 5. Sentences:-examples of good English, containing useful informa tion, sound moral principles, and ennobling sentiments. 6. Lessons of a character to interest, in order to instruct. а STEPS IN A SPELLING LESSON 1. Lesson read orally. mentary sounds, written on board, line drawn through silent letters, and attention called to equivalents. words. Teachers can use their own judgment as to the number of these steps a class is required to take. Practice should be given under each rule until pupils can apply it. It was not found convenient to arrange all the exercises in an order to be followed invariably. The Definitions, Sound Chart, and Exercises in the Use of the Diacritical Marks, are introduced before Part I., as the pupil will have frequent occasion to refer to them. The prircipal list of Abbreviations, Foreign Words and Phrases, and other exercises have been included in Part IV., but are to be taken up, in part or as a whole, at the discretion of the teacher. 72627 Definitions a a The vowels are a, e, i, o, u, and w and y when equivalent to u and i respectively. The consonants are b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, x, z, and w or y before a vowel sound in the same syllable. A vowel is a letter which represents a full and uninterrupted sound of the human voice. A consonant is a letter which represents a sound modified by some interruption during its passage through the organs of speech. A diphthong is a union of two vowels in one syllable ; as, vain, brow. A triphthong is a union of three vowels in one syllable ; as, adieu, eye. Equivalents are letters having the same sound; as, ea and ee in steal and steel. Accent is a greater force of voice upon some particular syllable of a word distinguishing it from the others. Words are signs of ideas; as, oranges, grow, delicious. A syllable is a letter or combination of letters sounded at a single effort of the voice; as, ve-log'-i-pēde. A monosyllable is a word of one syllable; as, I, do, gun. A dissyllable is a word of two syllables ; as, wag'on. A polysyllable is a word of four or more syllables ; as, rhi noc'e ros, hip po pot'a mus. A primitive word is one not formed from any other word in the language ; as, man, love. A derivative word is one formed from some other word ; as, un man,' lovely. A simple word is one not composed of other words; as, knife, pen, road, horse, rail. A compound word is one composed of two or more words; as, pen'knife, horse'-rail'road. Sound Chart VOWELS 66 66 66 á as in ale â as in fâre ē as in ērr ŏ as in odd ă ădd å fåst i ice ū ūse ärm ē ēve ✓ ů ůs a all ě ěbb ö öde û ûrn å, e, i, o, å denote modified long Sa, e denote ob sounds in unaccented syllables. 5 ? scure sounds. DIPHTHONGS oo as in moons oi or oy (unmarked), as in oil, oyster o o looks OW out, owl } { ou “ laugh ġ =j as in ġem gh=f ph=f" phase ņ=ng" ink = g=Z haş a=o as in whạt =00 as in rule à thêre ụ=0 " pụt e they stýle myth ĩ =ē girl myrrh Ö=ů són Ç cent move eat ch=sh chaise 6=a fôrm th=k Chorus =S qu = kw" qu=k kw" queen “ pique x= ks 66 box x=gz exist |
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