as the pensioner continues to live in the held unconstitutional by the Superior Co 1915, and an appeal was then taken to State. AUSTRALIA The Australian old age invalidity act y and became effective July 1st, 1909. This old age pension systems established by South Wales, Queensland and Victoria. amended in some essential respects in D entire Commonwealth, including the St Victoria, South Australia, West Austi mania. The law provides for the granting of p years of age and females above the age o persons who have been residents of Aus They must also be of good character and for four months within 5 years in the 1 refused to claimants who are wife-dese are not given to those who own propert law also excludes from the pension ri natives of Australia, Africa, New Zeal Pacific. In addition to the old age pension the for an invalidity pension payable to any I who is permanently incapacitated for wo shall have resided in Australia for at le for an invalidity pension must also have per year. Where the pensioner has property - to the extent of one pound ($4.87) for every f the net property exceeding 50 pounds ($243 e, or above £100 ($487) including the home. V wife are pensioners, deduction in case of ea bound for every 10 pounds of net property abo ensioners in Australia has been increasing stea res show the steady rise: inistering these pensions rose from £37,146 in 19 5. This amounted to £2, 9s, 7d. per cent. per d in 1910, and decreased to £1, 15s, 5d per c -age fortnightly pension amounted to 19s, 1d in 1 is means. He must not have received poor re during the 5 years prior to his application fo oner must also be a Danish subject and a resid in a fixed locality prior to application. s no fixed rules for the amounts of the relief to les that the relief given and the pensioner's of ufficient for the person relieved and for his fam ent in case of sickness." What is a sufficienc al authorities. No account is taken of any inc than 100 kroner ($26.80) per year. The nat may consist either of money or goods, such t. Usually, money grants are given in the cit e given in the rural sections. Pensioners who themselves, are cared for in special homes, wh detatched cottages, or in single large institutio 911-12 three per cent. of the pensioners were ca tinued until the conditions under which they w ged. The pension is given to the head of the fam as a unit, and is larger for heads of the famil Is. In determining the amount of the pension, itions and manner of living are taken into cons ief granted to the wife in the past is conside ted to the husband. the old age relief are borne equally by the St The pensions are administered by the munici thorities who employ well trained men for t 10 te was in the foreground for half a century. nected with the English Poor Law system ar tempt to relieve the problem of aged depen voluntary savings and insurance, thru the F success. Finally the British Old Age Pen 1908. Since then it was amended in severa The act of 1908 established a non-compul thruout the United Kingdom. This law pro an old age pension to all men and women, m over 70 years of age. The qualifications spec ant must be a resident of the United Kingd prior to his application. He must be a Bri ized British subject is eligible if he has bee years, and has resided for the same period Previous receipt of poor law relief or reside not disqualify; but the receipt of poor re after the granting of a pension disqualifies ther pension. Paupers arriving at the age c give up their outdoor relief or workhouse old age pension instead. The act also specif be so far of good character as not to have the preceding ten years, and not to have hal that his wife and children became depender act also disqualifies from a pension habitual ally in prison or under detention as lunatic institutions, where the board and lodging am the pensionable limit. The property qualific ant's income must not exceed £31, 10s ($15 |