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revolution. There can be no doubt that alteration of the law should be avoided as long as it can; but, when it has once become indispensable, the care and consideration which an important change ensures, make it less to be apprehended than a succession of minor innovations which escape without observation.

We have now concluded the remarks we had to offer on each of the four sections into which the Report of the Committee is divided; on the question whether the punishment of death ought to be superseded either by transportation or imprisonment; and on the course which in our apprehension it would be most eligible to adopt for the improvement of Criminal Law. Any inaccuracy in figures or statement, into which, if we have fallen, it has been inadvertently, we intreat our readers to forgive; and for the length to which our observations have run, we have no other apology than this to offer, that the subject to which they relate is one which cannot be conveniently broken into parts, and when viewed altogether, involves a variety of topics, the difficulty of which will probably hereafter continue, as it has hitherto done, to divide the minds of men, which render it almost impossible to dispatch it briefly. We should regret if we have stated too widely, or pressed too far, any principle in favour of the existing law. We are not conscious of entertaining any partiality for it, further than the reasonableness of it can be evinced by fact and sound argument, and shall hail with as deep and unaffected satisfaction as any of those from whom we differ, any diminution which can be proved to be practicable in the rigour of its letter or administration; but it has been our main object to shew that it would not be wise to unsettle the foundations on which our penal code now rests, until the solidity of those which have been pointed at by the Committee has been ascertained by a more severe and extensive examination than any to which they have hitherto been subjected. Whether we have succeeded or not, it is for others to determine; but we hope we have at least conducted our inquiries with that fairness which becomes all who respect either their opponents or themselves, and have advanced no sentiment or doctrine, in the course of the discussion, which under any circumstances we should be ashamed to avow.

Ad respublicas firmandas, et ad stabiliendas vires, sanandos populos, omnis nostra pergit oratio. Quocirca vereor committere, ut non bene provisa et diligenter explorata principia ponantur; nec tamen ut omnibus probentur (nam id fieri non potest) sed ut iis, qui omnia recta atque honesta per se expetenda duxerunt, et aut nihil omnino in bonis numerandum, nisi quod per seipsum laudabile esset, aut certe nullum habendum magnum bonum, nisi quod vere laudari sua sponte posset. Cicero de Legibus, cap. 13.

ERRATUM.

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