18 things that thou hast done against the altar of Beth-el. And he said, Let him alone; let no man move his bones. So they let his bones alone, with the bones of the prophet that came out of Samaria.

19

And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the LORD to anger, Josiah took away, and did to them according to all the acts that he had done in Beth-el. 20 And he slew all the priests of the high places that were there upon the altars, and burned men's bones upon them, and returned to Jerusalem. And the king commanded all the people, saying, Keep the passover unto the 22 LORD your God, as it is written in the book of this covenant. Surely there was not holden such a passover from the days of the judges that judged Israel, 23 nor in all the days of the kings of Israel, nor of the kings of Judah; but in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, wherein this passover was holden to the LORD in Jerusalem.

21

24

1 Ki. 13. 31.
ch. 17. 9.

"see 2 Chr. 34. 6, 7.

1 KL. 13. 2.
ch. 11. 18; Ex. 22
20; 1 Kt. 18. 40.
42 Chr. 34. 5.

2 Chr. 33. 1.
Ex. 12. 3; Le. 23 5;

Num. 9. 2; Deu.
16 2

2 Chr. 35. 18, 19.

• Ge. 31. 19.

5

Deu. 18.

Le 19. 31; 20. 27; ch. 22. 8-13

A ch. 18. 5.

Moreover the workers with familiar spirits, and the wizards, and the images 2 ch. 21. 6. [or, teraphim], and the idols, and all the abominations that were spied in the land of Judah and in Jerusalem, did Josiah put away, that he might perform the words of the law which were written in the book that Hilkiah the priest found 25 in the house of the LORD. And like unto him was there no king before him, that ⚫turned to the LORD with all his heart, and with all his soul, and with all his might, according to all the law of Moses; neither after him arose there any like him. Notwithstanding the LORD turned not from the fierceness of his great wrath, wherewith his anger was kindled against Judah, because of all the provocations eh. 21. 11–13; 24. 3, 27 that Manasseh had provoked him withal. And the LORD said, I will remove Judah also out of my sight, as I have removed Israel, and will cast off this city Jerusalem which I have chosen, and the house of which I said, 'My name shall be there. Now the rest of the acts of Josiah, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?

26

55

28

29

4; Jer. 15. 4

ch. 17. 18-20; 18. 11; 21. 13.

2 ch. 21. 4, 7; 1 Ki. 8. 29; 9. 3

see parallel, 2 Chr. 35. 26, 27.

"see parallel, 2 Chr. 35. 20-24.

"In his days Pharaoh-nechoh5 king of Egypt went up against the king of Assyria to the river Euphrates: and king Josiah went against him; and he slew 30 him at Megiddo, when he had seen him. And his servants carried him in a chariot dead from Megiddo, and brought him to Jerusalem, and buried him in his own sepulchre. And the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah, Chr. 35. 21. and anointed him, and made him king in his father's stead.

JEHOAHAZ was twenty and three years old when he began to reign; and he reigned three months in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was 'Hamutal, the 32 daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. And he did that which was evil in the sight of ch.24 18. 33 the LORD, according to all that his fathers had done. And Pharaoh-nechoh put him in bands at Řiblah in the land of Hamath, 10 that he might not reign in Jerusalem; and put the land to a tribute of an hundred talents of silver, and a 34 talent of gold. And Pharaoh-nechoh made Eliakim 11 the son of Josiah king 12 in the room of Josiah his father, and turned his name to Jehoiakim, and took 35 Jehoahaz away: and he came to Egypt, and died there. And Jehoiakim gave "the silver and the gold to Pharaoh: but he taxed the land to give the money according to the commandment of Pharaoh: he exacted the silver and the gold of the people of the land, of every one according to his taxation, to give it unto Pharaoh-nechoh.

1 There was a great passover in Hezekiah's time; but the total number of animals offered on this occasion was more than double.

2 The Hebrew is 'Teraphim,' family idols (such as the forefathers of the Israelites are supposed to have brought from Mesopotamia), which many had privately used, in connection with the worship of Jehovah. See 1 Sam. xix. 13. 3 See note on ch. xviii. 5.

4 The frequent interchange of relapse and reformation, according to the will of the sovereign for the time being, shows that the habits of the people had become thoroughly depraved; and that idolatry, whether with or without | royal patronage, was deeply rooted in the public mind. 3 Herodotus (ii. 159) mentions this expedition of Necos (Pharaoh-nechoh), and says that he defeated the Syrians (Jews) at Magdolus (Megiddo), and took a large city | Cadytis (Chald. Kadutha, the holy,' i.e. Jerusalem).

6 Josiah probably felt himself bound, as a tributary to the king of Assyria, to oppose the progress of the Egyp

,tian army.

2 Chr. 36. 4.

see ch. 24. 17; Dan.

7 This may be more correctly rendered 'dying;' i. e. mortally wounded. It appears from 2 Chron. xxxv. 24, that, when Josiah had been wounded at Megiddo, his servants put him into another chariot, and brought him to Jerusalem, where he died.

8 Jehoahaz is called 'Shallum' by Jeremiah (ch. xxii. 11). He appears to have been more popular than his elder brother Jehoiakim.

9 Not his own father Josiah, but his more remote ancestors; and so in ver. 37.

10 On the northern boundary of Palestine.

11 He was Josiah's second son (1 Chron. iii. 15). The eldest, Johanan, was perhaps dead.

12 After the defeat of Josiah's army, Necho took Carchemish; and on his return, treating Judea as a conquered and tributary province, he exercised his supremacy by appointing Jehoiakim as his deputy, and changed his name to mark him as his vassal. The same was done by Nebuchadnezzar (ch. xxiv. 17). Jehoiakim's character is portrayed by Jeremiah, ch. xxii. 13-19.

36

с

Wicked reign of Jehoiakim; first invasion of the Chaldeans under Nebuchadnezzar,

JEHOIAKIM was twenty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Zebudah, the 37 daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah. And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, according to all that his fathers had done.

24 In his days Nebuchadnezzar king1 of Babylon came up, and Jehoiakim became 2 his servant three years: then he turned and rebelled against him. And the LORD sent against him bands of the Chaldees, and bands of the Syrians, and bands of the Moabites, and bands of the children of Ammon, and sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the LORD, which he spake 3 by his servants the prophets. Surely at the commandment of the LORD came this upon Judah, to remove them out of his sight, for the sins of Manasseh, 4 according to all that he did; and also for the innocent blood that he shed: for he filled Jerusalem with innocent blood; which the LORD would not pardon. Now the rest of the acts of Jehoiakim, and all that he did, are they not So Jehoiakim

5

A

6 written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?

7

8

slept with his fathers: and Jehoiachin his son reigned in his stead.
And the king of Egypt came not again any more out of his land: for "the
king of Babylon had taken from the river of Egypt unto the river Euphrates all
that pertained to the king of Egypt.

Reign of Jehoiachin; second invasion by the Chaldeans; the first general transportation
to Babylon.

•JEHOIACHIN2 was eighteen years old when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. And his mother's name was Nehushta, the 9 daughter of Elnathan of Jerusalem. And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, according to all that his father had done.

10

9 Jer. 24. 1; 23 1,7; Eae. 17. 12.

see eh. 25. 27. see Jer. 123 fch. 2 17:36 ch. 25 13; Dan & 2,3

1 Kt. 7. -30. Jer. 2. 5

PAt that time the servants of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up Dan. 1. 1. 11 against Jerusalem, and the city was besieged. And Nebuchadnezzar king of 12 Babylon came against the city, and his servants did besiege it. And Jehoiachin the king of Judah went out to the king of Babylon, he, and his mother, and his servants, and his princes, and his officers: and the king of 13 Babylon took him in the eighth year of his reign. And he carried out thence all the treasures of the house of the LORD, and the treasures of the king's house, and "cut in pieces all the vessels of gold "which Solomon king of Israel had 14 made in the temple of the LORD, as the LORD had said. And he carried away all Jerusalem, and all the princes, and all the mighty men of valour, * even ten thousand captives, and all the craftsmen and smiths: none remained, save the poorest sort of the people of the land. And he carried away Jehoiachin to Babylon, and the king's mother, and the king's wives, and his officers, and the mighty of the land, those carried he into 16 captivity from Jerusalem to Babylon. And all the men of might, even seven thousand, and craftsmen and smiths a thousand, all that were strong and apt for 17 war, even them the king of Babylon brought captive to Babylon.5 And the king of Babylon made Mattaniah his father's brother king in his stead, and & changed 1 Chr. 3 15; Chr his name to Zedekiah.

15

18

Reign of Zedekiah; second siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar; destruction of the city
and temple; and second transportation of the Jews to Babylon.
*ZEDEKIAH was twenty and one years old when he began to reign, and he
reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was 'Hamutal, the

1 Nebuchadnezzar is called 'king,' because his father Nabopolassar had associated him with himself in the kingdom. His first invasion of Judah was in the third year of Jehoiakim's reign (Dan. i. 1); and from this date the seventy years of the Babylonish captivity (Jer. XXV. 11) are reckoned by many, although there was a miserable semblance of kingly power kept up for nineteen years afterwards.

2 In 1 Chron. iii. 16 he is called 'Jeconiah,' and in Jer. xxii. 24 'Coniah.' As he reigned only three months as a mere vassal of the king of Babylon, his reign is scarcely reckoned; and therefore it was said of Jehoiakim (Jer. xxxvi. 30), he shall have none to sit upon the throne of David."

3 The people were assured by the false prophets that these vessels should be brought back; but God told them by his prophet (Jer. xxvii. 16–22) that, instead of these

Jer. 24. 1-5
see Jer. 52 8; an
1. 1, 2

a101 Sam. 13, 19–21
6 ch. 25. 17; Jer.
10; 40. 7.

e2 Chr. 36. 10: Ext.
2.6; Jer. 2. H.

d see Jer. 23. 2; 52.25

• Jer. 37. 1.

36. 10. 8 s ch. 23. 34; 7 Chr 36.4

A see parallel, Chr.
36. 11, 17; and Jer
52. 1-3; see Bist
37. 1.
í ch. 23. 31.

being restored, the rest should follow, as they did (see ch. xxv. 13-17). Nebuchadnezzar spoiled the temple three times: 1, when he took Jerusalem under Jehoiakim (see Dan. i. 2); 2, when he came the second time against it under Jeconiah; and, 3, when he captured it under Zedekiah (ch. xxv. 13).

4 This means wealthy men, as distinguished from 'mighty men of valour' (ver. 14). This enumeration is evidently supplementary to that in ver. 14. Combining the two, the total number of persons now transported may be thus summed up: princes, or chiefs and warriers 10,000; persons of property 7,000; craftsmen and smiths 1,000; making a total of 18,000.

5 This is reckoned, by both Usher and Hales, to have been the commencement of the seventy years' captivity, as predicted by Jeremiah.

6 He was son of Josiah, and brother of Jehoiakim.

19 daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. And he did that which was evil in the sight
20 of the LORD, according to all that Jehoiakim had done. For through the anger
of the LORD it came to pass in Jerusalem and Judah, until he had cast them out
from his presence, "that Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon.
25 And it came to pass "in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the
tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he, and all
his host, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it; and they built forts against
2 it round about. And the city was besieged unto the eleventh year of king
3 Zedekiah. And on the ninth day of the fourth month the famine prevailed in
4 the city, and there was no bread for the people of the land. And the city was
broken up, and all the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between
two walls, which is by the king's garden: (now the Chaldees were against the
5 city round about:) and the king went the way toward the plain. And the army
of the Chaldees pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of
6 Jericho and all his army were scattered from him. So they took the king, and
brought him up to the king of Babylon "to Riblah; and they gave judgment1
7 upon him. And they slew the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and put out
the eyes of Zedekiah, and bound him with fetters of brass, and carried him to
Babylon.7

13

e

a

2 Chr. 36. 12.

ch. 22. 17.

2 Chr. 36. 13; Jer. 27. 12-15; Eze. 17. 15-20

"see parallel, Jer. 39. 1-10; and 52. 430; see also 2 Chr. 36. 17; Jer. 34. 2; Eze. 24. 1, 2.

• Jer. 39. 2; 52. 6.
P see refs. Le. 26. 25.
9 Jer. 39. 2, 3; 52. 7,

etc.

Le. 26. 17, 36.

ver 5: Jer. 39. 47; 52. 7; Exe. 12. 12.

Jer. 21. 7: 34. 21;
Lam. 4. 19, 20.
eh. 23. 33; Jer. 52.9.

* Jer. 22. 30.
Jer. 39. 7; Exe. 12.13.

see Jer. 52. 12-14. a see ver. 27; ch. 24. 12. Jer. 39. 9-14.

2 Chr. 36. 19: Ps. 74. 3-7; 79. 1: Is. 64. 11.

Am. 2. 5.

Ne. 1. 3; Jer. 52. 14.

ch.24. 14: Jer. 39.

10: 40. 7: 52. 16.

h ch. 20. 17: Jer 27.

8 And in the fifth month, on the seventh day of the month, which is the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, came Nebuzar-adan, 9 captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, unto Jerusalem and he burnt the house of the LORD,9 and the king's house, and all the houses of Jer. 39. 8; 52. 13; 10 Jerusalem, and every great man's house burnt he with fire. And all the army of the Chaldees, that were with the captain of the guard, brake down the walls of 11 Jerusalem round about. Now the rest of the people that were left in the city, Jer. 39. 9; 52. 15. and the fugitives that fell away to the king of Babylon, with the remnant of the 12 multitude, did Nebuzar-adan the captain of the guard carry away.10 But the captain of the guard left of the poor of the land 11 to be vinedressers and husbandmen. And the pillars of brass that were in the house of the LORD, and the bases, and 'the brasen sea that was in the house of the LORD, did the Chaldees break in 14 pieces, and carried the brass of them to Babylon. And the pots, and the shovels, and the snuffers, and the spoons, and all the vessels of brass wherewith Ex. 27. 3; 1 KL. 7. 15 they ministered, took they away. And the firepans, and the bowls," and such things as were of gold, in gold, and of silver, in silver, the captain of the guard 16 took away. The two pillars, one sea, and the bases which Solomon had made for the house of the LORD; the brass of all these vessels was without weight. 17 The height of the one pillar was eighteen cubits, and the chapiter upon it was brass and the height of the chapiter three cubits; and the wreathen work, and pomegranates upon the chapiter round about, all of brass: and like unto these had the second pillar with wreathen work.

18

And the captain of the guard took 'Seraiah the chief priest, and Zephaniah 19 the second priest, and the three keepers of the door: and out of the city he took an officer that was set over the men of war, and 'five men of them that were in

1 He appears to have been a man of weak character, and entirely led by his nobles. See Jer. xxxviii. 5, 24. 2 Relying upon the aid of the king of Egypt. See Jer. xxxvii. 7.

3 Jerusalem was strong by nature, and had been so fortified by art that Nebuchadnezzar was compelled to blockade it for eighteen months, and only reduced it by famine. This of course greatly prolonged and aggravated the sufferings of the besieged; of which terrible descriptions may be found in Lam. iv. 3-10; Ezek. iv. 16; v. 10. In connection with this narrative should also be read Jer. xxi., xxiv., xxvii.—xxix., xxx.—xxxiv., xxxvii.— xxxix., lii.

4 This was a just retribution on Zedekiah for the breach of his oath, and his obdurate disregard of the merciful counsel of God. See Jer. xxxviii. 17; xxxii. 5; xxxiv. 3, etc.

5 And, according to Jer. xxxix. 6, lii. 10, all the nobles' or 'princes' of Judah.

6 The loss of sight was intended not only as a punishment, but also to incapacitate him for ever being king again.

7 Thus two apparently inconsistent prophecies (Jer. xxxii. 4; Ezek. xii. 13) were both literally fulfilled.

8 In Jer. lii. 12, it is the tenth day of the month. If

19, 22; 52. 17-20;
Lam. 1. 10.

✓ 1 Ki. 7. 15.
A 1 Ki. 7. 27.
1 Ki. 7. 23.

45-50. "1 Ki. 7. 48-51.

• 1 Ki. 7. 47.

P1 Ki. 7. 15, 16; Jer. 59.21-23.

4 Jer. 52. 24, etc.
1 Chr. 6, 14; Ezra
7.1.

Jer. 21. 1: 29, 25.
I see Jer. 52. 25.

the burning of the city lasted several days, it might be reckoned from either the beginning or the end. Josephus says that it was on the same day of the same month that the second temple was burnt by the Romans. From this period to its complete restoration, under Darius Hystaspis, was seventy years.

9 The ark of the covenant was probably burnt with the temple, for it is never mentioned afterwards; showing how little God cares for the outward ceremonial when the inward spirit of religion is gone. See Jer. vii. 4, 13 -15. The prophet Jeremiah was present, and beheld the sad accomplishment of his early predictions, in the horrors of the famine and the carnage, and the plunder and destruction of the city and temple; and has recorded his feelings in his pathetic elegies. See 2 Chron. xxxvi. 17-19, and Lamentations.

10 This formed the third stage in the captivity of Judah. It is observable that, at the end of the captivity, there were returns of large companies, at different times, nearly corresponding to each of these deportations. Hence the difficulty of fixing upon any precíse period for the fulfilment of the prophecies of their restoration.

11 Poverty is sometimes a protection. The poor, formerly oppressed, have now liberty and peace, while their oppressors are enslaved.

the king's presence which were found in the city, and the principal scribe of the host, which mustered the people of the land, and threescore men of the people of

20 the land that were found in the city and Nebuzar-adan captain of the guard took 21 these, and brought them to the king of Babylon to Riblah: and the king of Jer. 52. 96, 27. Babylon smote them, and slew them at Riblah in the land of Hamath. So Judah was carried away out of their land.

22

23

Gedaliah is appointed governor, and is killed by Ishmael; the remmant of the people flee into Egypt.

AND as for the people that remained in the land of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon had left, even over them he made Gedaliah the son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, ruler.

And when all the captains of the armies, they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah governor, there came to Gedaliah to Mizpah; even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan the son of Careah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth the "Netophathite, and Jaazaniah the son of a Maachathite, 24 they and their men. And Gedaliah'sware to them, and to their men, and said unto them, Fear not to be the servants of the Chaldees: dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon; and it shall be well with you.

35

25

But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, the son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, that he died, and the Jews and the Chaldees that were with him at 26 Mizpah. And all the people, both small and great, and the captains of the armies, arose, and came to Egypt:2 for they were afraid of the Chaldees.

Jehoiachin's captivity is relieved by Evil-merodach.

ch. 17. 20; 23, 27; Le. 26. 33-35; Dea 28. 36, 64.

see parallel, Jer. 40. 5-9: and 41.1-7.

Jer. 39. 14

Jer. 40. 7-9, 11, 12

Ezra 2 22; Ne. 7.

b Jer. 40, 9, 10

Jer. 40, 15, 16; 41, 1 -15

d Jer. 12 142; a 4-7.

AND it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of parallel, Jer. 52 Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, that Evil-merodach king of Babylon in the year that he began to

A

24. 5.

A 2 Saru. 9.

28 reign did lift up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah out of prison; and her 13, 20; spake kindly to him, and set his throne above the throne of the kings that were 29 with him in Babylon; and changed his prison garments: and he did eat bread am 3.7 30 continually before him all the days of his life. And his allowance was a continual allowance given him of the king,3 a daily rate for every day, all the days of his life.

1 That is, his confidential advisers.

2 These events are more fully related by the prophet

Jeremiah, who witnessed them (see ch. xl.—xlv).
3 This custom is still followed at the Persian court.

THE

FIRST BOOK OF THE CHRONICLES.

THE two books of Chronicles were anciently one; and
were called Words of Days,' that is, Diaries or Journals,
probably with reference to the ancient annals from
which they appear to have been chiefly compiled. They
were divided into two parts by the Greek translators, who
called them 'Paraleipomena,' i. e. things omitted,' or
supplements; because many things not contained in the
preceding histories are here supplied. The name of
Chronicles was first given to them by Jerome. They
appear to have been written after the close of the Baby-
lonian captivity (see 1 Chron. iii. 19-24; 2 Chron. xxxvi.
21, 22). The Jews generally ascribe them to Ezra; and
that tradition is probably correct; though a few additions
to the genealogies have been made since his time. Some,
however, think they were altogether of a later date.
The author of these books has for the most part had
recourse to the same sources of information as the author
of the books of Kings, though he evidently had others.

One principal object of this portion of the sacred writings appears to have been to point out, from the ancient national records, the descent and location of the different families before the captivity; with the view of enabling the Jews who returned from Babylon to regain their former inheritances. It was also designed to assist the restoration of the worship of God according to the Divinelyordained model. For this purpose, the genealogies, offices,

On comparing the books of Chronicles with those of Samuel and The Kings, it will be found that, although they have much in common, there is in the present books much that is original and peculiar. In the first nine chapters, which consist chiefly of genealogies, many facts of great interest may be gleaned with respect to the early periods of the Hebrew history; and the historical part contains many signal manifestations of the Divine government, and other important information respecting the affairs of the kingdom of Judah, of which we should otherwise possess but very brief and general notices. It is a general characteristic of the books of the Chronicles, as compared with those of Samuel and The Kings, that, in those portions of the history which are common to both, these books have more of the national and less of the personal; more of the ecclesiastical and less of the political; more of the didactic and less of the historical:

so that here, still more frequently than in the preceding books, the hand of God is distinctly pointed out in all the events which are related; and their connection is traced with the characters and conduct of the parties. All these books will be found to explain and illustrate each other; while the diversities in orthography and language occasionally met with, arising evidently from changes in dialect and usages, occasioned by the connection with Aramean nations, confirm instead of weakening their authority.

THE FIRST BOOK OF CHRONICLES is naturally divided into two parts.

Part I. contains GENEALOGIES, showing the descent of the people of Israel from Adam to the time of Ezra, with short historical notices.

Genealogies from Adam to Jacob (ch. i., ii. 2). The descendants of Judah, with their settlements (ii. 3—55); the family of David (iii.) Other descendants of Judah, also of Simeon, Reuben, Gad, and half of Manasseh, with their settlements; and historical notices (iv., v.) Genealogies of the Levites and priests (vi.) The descendants of Issachar, Benjamin, Naphtali, half of Manasseh, Ephraim, and Asher, with some of their settlements;

and historical notices (vii.) Genealogy of Benjamin to the time of Saul; Saul's descendants (viii.) List of the families who dwelt at Jerusalem (ix. 1-34). Saul's pedigree repeated (ix. 34—44).

II. THE REIGN OF DAVID; comprising the death of Saul and Jonathan (ch. x.) David's accession to the throne, and capture of Jerusalem; his mighty men (xi., xii.) Removal of the ark to the house of Obed-edom (xiii.). David's palace; his children; his victories (xiv.) Bringing up of the ark to Jerusalem, and arrangements for Divine worship in connection therewith (xv., xvi.) David's desire to build a temple, and God's message to him by Nathan (xvii.) Victories over the Philistines, Moabites, Edomites, Syrians, and Ammonites (xviii.—xx. 8). Numbering of the people; infliction of pestilence, and its removal (xxi.) David's preparations for the temple (xxii.) Number and distribution of the Levites and priests (xxiii., xxiv.); the singers and musicians (xxv.); the porters, store-keepers, officers, and judges (xxvi.) The arrangement of the army; the princes and officers (xxvii.) David's last exhortations; the offerings of the princes and people for the temple; David's thanksgiving and prayer; Solomon's establishment on the throne (xxviii., xxix.)

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham.

12,3 ADAM, Sheth, Enosh, Kenan, Mahalaleel, Jered, Henoch, Methuselah, 4 Lamech, Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth.

5

C

a Ge. 4. 25, 26; 5. 3, 9.

cor, Diphath.

The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, Ge. 10. 2, etc. 6 and Meshech, and Tiras. And the sons of Gomer; Ashchenaz, and Riphath, 7 and Togarmah. And the sons of Javan; Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.

8,9 The sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan. And the sons of Cush; Seba, and Havilah, and Sabta, and Raamah, and Sabtecha. And the sons 10 of Raamah; Sheba, and Dedan. And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be 11 mighty upon the earth. And Mizraim begat Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, 12 and Naphtuhim, and Pathrusim, and Casluhim, (of whom came the Philistines,) 13 and Caphthorim. And Canaan begat Zidon his firstborn, and Heth, the 15 Jebusite also, and the Amorite, and the Girgashite, and the Hivite, and the 16 Arkite, and the Sinite, and the Árvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite. 17 The sons of Shem; Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram,3 18 and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech. And Arphaxad begat Shelah, and 19 Shelah begat Eber. And unto Eber were born two sons: the name of the one was Peleg [i. e. division']; because in his days the earth was divided: and his 20 brother's name was Joktan. And "Joktan begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and 21 Hazarmaveth, and Jerah, Hadoram also, and Uzal, and Diklah, and Ebal, and 23 Abimael, and Sheba, and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.

24-26 Shem, Arphaxad, Shelah, Eber, Peleg, Reu, Serug, Nahor, Terah, Abram; 27 the same is Abraham.

28

29

Genealogies of Abraham, Isaac, Esau, and Jacob.

THE sons of Abraham; Isaac, and Ishmael.

These are their generations: The firstborn of Ishmael, Nebaioth; then Kedar, 30 and Adbeel, and Mibsam, Mishma, and Dumah, Massa, Hadad, and Tema, Jetur, 31 Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

32

Now the sons of Keturah, Abraham's concubine: she bare Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. And the sons of Jokshan;

1 It is the peculiar glory of Jewish history, that, whereas the earliest accounts of all other nations are involved in obscurity and fable, it can be clearly traced along an unbroken line to the commencement of the human race. The genealogies which follow are mostly repeated from other parts of sacred history, though with considerable additions. They were probably taken from the national registers which existed in the time of Ezra; and were doubtless of great value to the Jews after their return from Babylon, when they would be in danger of losing the distinctions of their tribes and families. They are still of use in illustrating and confirming the Scripture history; and especially in showing the descent of our Saviour through the line of David and Abraham,

dor, Rodanim.

Ge. 10. 6, etc.

Ge. 10. 8, 13, etc.

* Deu. 2. 23.
A Ge. 10. 15, etc.

í Ge. 10. 22; 11. 10. kor, Mash, Ge. 10. 23.

! Ge. 10. 25.

Ge. 10. 26.

"Ge. 11. 10, etc.; Lk.
3. 34, etc.
Ge. 11. 15.
P Ge. 17. 5.

9 Ge. 21. 2. 3.

Ge. 16, 11, 15. Ge. 25. 13-16. tor, Hadar, Ge. 25. 15.

"Ge. 25. 1, 2

2 See Gen. x., and notes. There are apparent discrepancies between these genealogies and other parts of Scripture, some of which have arisen from errors or omissions in transcribing; in other cases, grandsons and remoter descendants are mentioned as sons; and sometimes the successor of a man in his property or titles is called his son in other instances, again, the same person appears with names varying more or less; whilst the same name is, by our English translators, sometimes spelt differently in different places.

3 This genealogy agrees substantially with that in Gen. x. The words 'the children of Aram,' in Gen. x. 23, are left out here; so that Uz and others appear as the sons of Shem, though they were actually his grandsons.