against the hells. By the apparel in which He was glorious, and which was red, is meant the Word, to which violence was done by the Jewish people; the combat itself against the hells, and the victory over them, is described by his treading them in his anger, and trampling upon them in his wrath. That He fought alone and from his own power, is described by these words, "Of the people there was not a man with Me, my own arm brought salvation to Me. I brought down their strength to the earth." That He thereby saved and redeemed, is described by these words, "Therefore He became their Savior, in his love and in his pity He redeemed them." That this was the cause of his coming, is described by these words; "The day of vengeance is in my heart, and the year of my redeemed is come." Again, in Isaiah; "And He saw that there was no man, and wondered that there was no intercessor; therefore his own arm brought salvation to Him, and his righteousness it sustained Him; thence He put on righteousness as a breastplate, and a helmet of salvation upon his head, and He put on the garments of vengeance for clothing, and was clad with zeal as a cloak; then He came to Zion a Redeemer." lix. 16, 17. 20. These things also are concerning the combats of the Lord when He was in the world, against the hells. That He fought against them alone from his own power, is meant by this; "He saw there was no man, therefore his own arm brought salvation to Him;" that thence He became righteousness by this; "His righteousness sustained Him; whence he put on righteousness as a breastplate;" that thus He redeemed by this; "Then He came to Zion a Redeemer." In Jeremiah; "They are dismayed, and their mighty ones are beaten down; they have fled apace, and they look not back: this is the day of Jehovih of hosts, a day of vengeance; that He may take vengeance on his enemies, the sword shall devour, and it shall be satiated." xlvi. 5. 10. The combat of the Lord with the hells, and victory over them, are described by their being dismayed, their mighty ones being beaten down, their fleeing apace, and not looking back." The mighty ones and enemies are the hells; because all there have hatred towards the Lord. His coming into the world for that purpose is meant by these words; "It is the day of Jehovih of hosts, a day of vengeance, that He may take vengeance on his enemies." Again, in the same prophet; "The young men shall fall in the streets, and all the men of war shall be cut off in that day."

xlix. 6. In Joel; "Jehovah shall utter his voice before his army; the day of Jehovah is great and very terrible, who then shall be able to endure it ?" ii. 11. In Zephaniah; "In the day of the sacrifice of Jehovah, I will punish the princes, the sons of the king, and all who are clothed with strange apparel. That day is a day of trouble, a day of the trumpet and alarm." i. 8, 9. 15, 16. In Zechariah; "Then Jehovah shall go forth and fight against the nations, as when He fought in the day of battle. His feet shall stand at that day upon the mount of Olives, which is before the face of Jerusalem: then shall ye flee to the valley of my mountains: in that day the light shall not be clear nor dark. But Jehovah

shall be king over all the earth; and in that day Jehovah shall be one, and his name one." xiv. 3-6. 9. In these passages, also, the combats of the Lord are treated of; by that day is meant his coming: the mount of Olives, which was before the face of Jerusalem, was also the place where the Lord was wont to abide; see Mark xiii. 3. xiv. 26. Luke xxi. 37. xxii. 39. John viii. 1; and elsewhere. In David; "The cords of hell compassed Me about, the snares of death prevented Me. He sent out his arrows and scattered them, He shot lightnings, and discomfited them. I will pursue my enemies and overtake them, neither will I turn again till I have consumed them; I have wounded them, so that they cannot rise. Thou shalt gird Me with strength unto battle, thou wilt put my enemies to flight. I will beat them as small as the dust before the wind. 1 will cast them out as the dirt in the streets." Psalm xviii. 5. 14. 38, 39. 42. The cords and snares of death that compassed and prevented, signify temptations, which, because they are from hell, are also called the cords of hell. These and the rest of the things in the whole of this Psalm, treat of the battles and of the victories of the Lord; wherefore it is also said, "Thou wilt make Me the head of the nations; a people whom I have not known shall serve Me." 43. Again; "Gird thy sword upon thy thigh, O most Mighty: thine arrows are sharp in the heart of the king's enemies, the people shall fall under Thee. Thy throne is for ever and ever; Thou lovest righteousness, therefore God hath anointed Thee." Psalm xlv. 3. 5—7. These also are concerning the combats of the Lord with the hells, and concerning their subjugation; for the Lord is treated of in the whole of that Psalm, that is, in relation to his combats, to his glorification, and to the salvation of the faithful by Him

Again in David; "A fire goeth before Him, and burneth up his enemies round about; the earth saw and trembled, the hills melted like wax, at the presence of the Lord of the whole earth. The heavens declare his justice, and all the people see his glory." Psalm xcvii. 3-6. In this Psalm also the Lord and the same things are treated of. Again; "Jehovah said to my Lord, Sit Thou at my right hand, until I make thy enemies thy footstool; rule Thou in the midst of thy enemies. The Lord at thy right hand did strike through kings in the day of his wrath: He filled the places with dead bodies, He wounded the heads over many countries." Psalm cx. 1-6. That these things were said concerning the Lord, is evident from the Lord's own words Matthew xxii. 44; Mark xii. 36; and Luke xx. 42. By sitting at the right hand, is signified omnipotence; by enemies are signified the hells; by kings, those who are in falses of evil; by making them a footstool, striking through them in the day of his wrath, and filling the places with dead bodies, is signified to destroy their power; and, by wounding the head over many countries, is signified to destroy all. Since the Lord alone conquered the hells, without the aid of any angel, therefore He is called A HERO and A MAN OF WAR. Isaiah xlii. 13. THE KING OF GLORY; JEHOVAH STRONG AND MIGHTY, THE HERO OF WAR. Psalm xxiv. 8. 10. THE MIGHTY ONE OF JACOB. Psalm cxxxii. 2; and in many places JEHOVAH OF HOSTS, that is, JEHOVAH OF THE ARMIES OF WAR. His coming also is called the day of Jehovah, terrible, cruel, of anger, wrath, revenge, of ruin, of war, of the trumpet and alarm, and of trouble; as may be seen in the passages cited above, n. 4. Since the last judgment was accomplished by the Lord, whilst He was in the world, by combats with the hells, and by their subjugation, therefore the judgment which He was to accomplish, is treated of in many passages, as in David; "Jehovah cometh to judge the earth; He shall judge the world in justice, and the people in truth." Psalm xcvi. 13; also in many other places. These are from the prophetical parts of the Word. But in the historical parts of the Word similar things were represented, by the wars of the children of Israel with various nations; for whatever is written, either in the prophetical or historical parts of the Word, is written concerning the Lord; thence the Word is divine. Many secrets of the Lord's glorification are contained in the rituals of the Israelitish

church, as in the burnt offerings and sacrifices, as also in its Sabbaths and feasts, and in the priesthood of Aaron and the Levites; likewise in the other things in Moses, which are called laws, judgments, and statutes; which also is meant by the words of the Lord to the disciples, "That He must fulfill all things which were written concerning Him in the Law of Moses." Luke xxiv. 44. As also to the Jews; "That Moses wrote of Him." John v. 46. From these now it is manifest, that the Lord came into the world that He might subjugate the hells, and glorify his Human; and that the passion of the cross was the last combat, by which He fully conquered the hells, and fully glorified his Human. But more on this subject may be seen in the treatise concerning THE SACRED SCRIPTURE, where are adduced all the passages in the prophetical part of the Word, which treat concerning the combats of the Lord with the hells, and concerning his victories over them; or, what is the same thing, which treat concerning the last judgment executed by Him, while He was in the world, as also concerning the passion and the glorification of his Human; which are so numerous, that if they were all adduced, they would fill many pages

THAT THE LORD, BY THE PASSION OF THE CROSS, DID NOT TAKE AWAY SINS, BUT THAT HE BORE THEM.

15. THERE are some within the church, who believe that the Lord, by the passion of the cross, took away sins, and satisfied the Father, and so redeemed; some also believe that He transferred to Himself the sins of those who have faith in Him, and that He bore them, and cast them into the depth of the sea, that is, into hell. These things they confirm in themselves by the words of John concerning Jesus; "Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world," John i. 29; and by the words of the Lord in Isaiah; "He hath borne our sicknesses and carried our sorrows; He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities, the chastisement of our peace was upon Him, and with his stripes we are healed. Jehovah hath laid on Him the iniquity of us all. He was oppressed and He was afflicted, yet He opened not his mouth; He is brought as a lamb to the slaughter; He was cut off out of the land of the living; for the transgression of my people was He stricken. And He made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death; He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied. By his knowledge shall He justify many, for He shall bear their iniquities. He hath poured out his soul unto death, and He was numbered with transgressors, and He bore the sin of many, and interceded for transgressors." liii. 4 to the end. These things are said concerning the temptations of the Lord, and concerning his passion; and by taking away sins and sicknesses, and by laying on Him the iniquities of all, is meant the same as by carrying sorrows and iniquities. First, therefore, it shall be told what is meant by carrying iniquities, and afterwards what by taking them away. By carrying iniquities, nothing else is meant, than to endure grievous temptations; and also, to suffer the Jews to do with Him as they had done with the Word, and to treat Him in the same manner, because He was the Word; for the church, which then was with the Jews, was utterly devastated, and it was devastated by this, that they perverted all things of the Word, so that there was no truth left; wherefore they did not acknowledge the Lord. This is meant and signified by all things of the Lord's passion. The