the interested parties, and the diligence set] As to the dispossessed traveller, he could not off. withhold a burst of laughter. It was in November, the air already keen "Parbleu!" he cried, "I am under many and damp, became freezing as day declined. obligations to the gentleman for driving me Henry accustomed to the warm sun of Pro- from the imperial, for without his usurpation vençe, in vain buttoned his travelling coat I should have been frozen in his place, inup to the chin; he shivered like a leaf under stead of being warm and comfortable in the cold night fog. His face was pinched mine." and blue with cold, his teeth chattered, and Henry was too wretched to reply, and sisoon a drizzling, freezing rain was blown by lently took a seat before the fire to warm his the wind full into his face and saturated his frozen limbs. When he had somewhat reclothes. His neighbor, sheltered by an am-covered, he ordered a chamber and bed, but ple blanket cloak, might have afforded him the fair was over at Keysersberg, and the some protection, by giving him a part of it, house was consequently crowded with peobut he was a corpulent merchant, very ten-ple, who would leave in the morning. Even der of his own person, and very indifferent Joseph and his companion, although arriving to the comfort of others. When Henry Foran hour sooner than the coach passengers, tin refused to give up the place he had taken could obtain but one bed, which the former possession of, the fat man approved his de- had generously given up to the latter. Howtermination, and declared that "every body ever, after many enquiries and much seektravelled on his own account;" a principle ing, a vacant bed was found in one of the which the young gentleman had found, until chambers-but the room was occupied by now, perfectly reasonable. He was now four Pedlars, who refused to let a stranger reaping its application. After they had gone half the journey, the obese merchant nature, aroused himself again to combat for enter. Henry, true to the instinct of his peeped from under his warm cloak at his his right. neighbor and said, "You appear to be cold, sir?" "Have they hired the chamber for them "I am wet to the bone," replied Fortin, selves, exclusively?" he enquired. scarcely able to speak. The corpulent traveller shook himself in his cloak, as if to enjoy his own comfortable position more thoroughly. "It is very unwholesome to be wet," said he, philosophically. "Another time I would advise you to get a cloak like mine; it is very warm and not dear." 'No," replied the landlord. "Have you the right to dispose of the vacant bed?" "Undoubtedly." "What reason do they assign for refusing admittance to another?" "None. But all of them are strange, coarse looking persons, and no one cares to have a quarrel with them." This advice given, the fat man again buried himself in its folds, and followed the oscil- Henry arose quickly; "This is sheer follations of the coach in luxurious indolence. ly," cried he, "for my part I am determined When they arrived at Keysersberg, night not to pass a sleepless night because some had already long closed in. Henry For- rude strangers have taken a fancy to monoptin, half dead with cold, entered the inn olize all the beds in your inn-show me the kitchen, in which a bright warm fire was chamber; they shall listen to reason." blazing; but when he arrived at the fire- "Take care, Fortin," observed Mulzen, place, it was completely surrounded by trav-"they are low, brutal men.” ellers, among whom were Mulzen and the "And shall their vices give them the privstranger whose seat he had taken. The cab-ilege of compelling us to sit up all night?" riolet had brought them by a shorter route, angrily demanded the Marseillais. "No! and they had been at the inn more than an parbleu, I will sleep there in spite of them." hour. He had taken his cap to follow the innSeeing the miserable condition of his cou-keeper, when Mr. Rosman entered, and hearsin, Mulzen hastened to give him his chair. ing the last words of the cousins, came towards them and said with a frank, benev-assault, at Cernay, and Mr. Rosman related olent air, what had just occurred. "I see, gentlemen, that you are troubled to find beds to night." "Why he is at war with every body," said she, "and should be shunned as we "I shall not be very long," said Henry, would a conflagration." passing by him. It would be difficult, however, to find a "One moment," said Mr. Rosman, "these more loyal heart, than he possesses," said people may reply to your arguments with im- Joseph Mulzen, "and he only follows his proper language, and you may find it diffi- device- Every one has his right.'" cult to convince them of your rights. Ac- "Whilst yours is Charity.' Nay, I heard cept a bed with me-my chamber is but a it all at Cernay," replied the old lady, smilfew steps from here, and I assure you it will ing at the astonished look of Mulzen. give me great pleasure to share my comfortable quarters with you." "Are you travelling together?" asked Mr. Rosman. Both the young gentlemen bowed and "Yes, we are cousins, and came to Keythanked him, but in a very different manner. serville to be present at the openining of a Mulzen was grateful and happy to accept of will, which takes place to-morrow." his kindness-whilst Fortin was polite and "A will," repeated Madam Charlotte, eaconstrained. He had not forgotten that Mr. gerly. Rosman had been the first cause of his meager dinner at Cernay, from which his appetite was still suffering. "Yes madam, the will of our deceased uncle, Dr. Harver." The two ladies and Mr. Rosman looked at ing at Mulzen closely. "You are too obliging," said he in as gen-each other in surprise. "So you are relatle tones as he could command, "but I do tions of the doctor," said Mr. Rosman, looknot wish to incommode you. Besides, these people need a lesson to teach them to respect the rights of others. Good night, sir." "There could not be a more fortunate occurrence; for I had been his best friend and intimate companion for many years." He left and went to the room where the pedlars were. Joseph, fearing something| This information served as an introduction unpleasant might occur, followed him-but to speak of the deceased. Mulzen had newhether the pack bearers were awed by the ver seen him, but had always that instinctive determined manner of the Marseillais, or reaffection which members of the same family, ally did not care for the intrusion, a few mut- although unknown, preserve for each other. terings were the only expressions they gave to their unwillingness, regardless of which, Henry retired to bed. The conversation was long and interesting, and when the hour for retiring arrived, it was evident that both parties would leave an agreeable impression behind them. Mulzen, satisfied with this state of affairs, went back and followed Mr. Rosman, who had Fatigue had prolonged Mulzen's slumber been kind enough to wait for him. Entering to an unusually late hour. When he awoke the room, he found Madam Charlotte and the sun was high, and he hastily dressed Miss Louise preparing tea before a fire of himself to seek his cousin, that they might pine burs. Mr. Rosman spoke to the ladies wait upon the notary, but he found him in in a low voice, and they welcomed the young company with Mr. Rosman; and Madam gentleman with much cordiality; they invi- Charlotte and Louise soon made their apted him to a seat at the table, whilst Louise pearance. When all were assembled, Mr. filled the cups. Madam Charlotte had not Rosman turning to the two young gentlemen recovered from her fatigue, and even in her said, comfortable arm chair, she imagined she felt "No one here is a stranger to the business the jolting of the coach, and heard ne rat- which brings you to Keysersberg, my dear tling of the wheels, in the soft bubblings of sirs, for Madam Charlotte, my sister-in-law the tea-kettle. She enquired for the young and her niece, Louise Armand, whose guargentleman who had taken the imperial by dian I am, have both come to be present at the opening of Dr. Harver's will, who was my property, I know but two; my sister, their brother and uncle." Charlotte Revel, and my niece Louise Ar The young men bowed to the ladies with mand; their interest and wishes are the surprise. "I think it best," said Mr. Rosman, "that we have the will opened here, since chance has brought us all together." Henry assented and they all took their seats. The notary was just going to break the seal, when he stopped-"This will is of an old date," said he, "and during the last months of his life, Dr. Harver has several times expressed his intention to me of destroying it, and allowing his heirs an equal portion of his property. His sudden death, I imagine, alone prevented him from doing so, and I have made the confession to satisfy my conscience. I now ask of all the interested parties if they are willing to set aside the will, and abide by what I know to have been the wishes of Dr. Harver, before any one knows whether he enriches, or impoverishes himself." This most unexpected proposition was followed by some moments of silence. Mulzen was the first to break it. "As for myself," said he in a modest tone, "having no particular right to Dr. Harver's benevolence, I cannot think I sacrifice anything by consenting to an equal division, and willingly give my consent." "I shall put no obstacle to it," said Madam Charlotte. "And I consent in the name of my niece," said Mr. Rosman. "Then," said the notary, turning to Henry, "it only remains with you to decide." same, and in reality they form but one heir. So on that side I have but one heir. My first intention was to give them all I possessed, but thinking that among my two nephews one may be found equally worthy of my wealth-the difficulty is to know which one. I cannot do it myself, and knowing the intelligence and tact of my niece, Louise, I will confide in her judgment, and declare that whoever of her two cousins she shall choose for a husband, I pronounce him heir to all I possess. HARVER." A long silence followed. The young people were embarrassed, and Louise hung her head in confusion. "God forgive me! but the doctor has given my niece a very difficult task." said Madam Charlotte. "Not so difficult as one would suppose, sister," said Mr. Rosman, smiling. "I have long known Harver's will, and consequently enquired very diligently about these young gentlemen. All that I have heard convinces me, that whichever be the choice of Louise, her happiness will be secured. "Then mademoiselle, decide," replied the notary; "as you run no risk, you have only to follow your inclinations." "I leave it to my aunt," murmured she, throwing herself into Madam Charlotte arms. "To me?" cried she-" but you put me in a very delicate situation, my dear-indeed I know not." Pronouncing these words, she looked toward Mulzen. Henry perceived The latter appeared somewhat embarassed. it. "Like my cousin," said he," I have no rea- "Ah! your choice is made," said he, with son to expect anything in my favor; but, for animation, "and although it will cost me that very reason, I should hesitate to put it many regrets madam, I heartily approve of it. aside. Whatever were the wishes of Dr. Mademoiselle," added he, taking Joseph by Harver, the will only is lawful; to set it the hand and conducting him to Louiseaside, is to attack at the same time the right" your aunt has made a wise decision, my of the testator, and that of the unknown cousin is far my superior." legatees." "Your act has just proved the contrary," Say no more," interrupted the notary. said Madam Charlotte, affectionately, "but "Unanimity alone could make my proposi- we already know a little of Mr. Mulzention legitimate. Let every one have his and-stop-your noble candor merits the right,' as the gentleman demands, and listen." truth." He tore open the envelope and read as follows: "Tell it, tell it," said Fortin, hastily. "Well then! his motto gives me confi "Of the four heirs who have a right to dence, whilst yours fills me with fear. He promises indulgence, and you, only justice. Jed transformations into the most extreme vaAlas! my dear sir, justice may suffice for rieties.' angels, but Charity is needed for man!" If we observe the American races, we "Perhaps you are right, madam," said find among them a very great variety. In Henry in a meditative tone. "Facts seemed reference to them a distinguished naturalist to have accumulated by design, to give says: "As a general position, we may reme this lesson. The rigorous defence of my gard each particular nation as having between rights has always turned against me, whilst its members a family resemblance, which, the benevolence of my cousin has been profi-distinguishing it clearly from its neighbours, table to him. Yes, Joseph's motto is much permits the practised eye of the zoologist to more valuable than mine, for it comes nearer recognize, in one great assemblage of nations, the law of God. Our blessed Saviour did all the existing types almost, without ever not say, Every one has his right,' but Love confounding them. A Peruvian is more difyour neighbour as yourself." Columbus, Georgia. S. S. C. TYPES OF MANKIND. BY WILLIAM ARCHER COCKE. CONCLUDING VIEW. ferent from a Patagonian, and a Patagonian from a Guarani, than is a Greek from an Ethiopian or a Mongolian. There is, indeed, a prevalent general type which may be recog nized in most of the native races of both North and South America, which is perceptible both in colour and configuration, and tends to illustrate the tendency of physical characters to perpetuate themselves; but from this type we have many deviations, which are sufficient to prove that it is not a specific character. The Esquimaux furnish If there existed sufficient grounds to sus-a strong instance.† tain the theory of our authors, why is it that It has been said that in America the colparticular nations, the Africans as well as our of the human skin had no relation to clithe Americans, for example, each the reflec-mate. It is evidently a mistake, for we have tions of a type, are found to exist in such ty- the testimony of La Perouse and other travpical variety? Among the Africans, we see ellers, to the striking resemblance between every variety of feature and complexion; it the black Californians and the negroes in the will not be denied by the Types of Mankind West Indies. that they are composed of different origins, A strong and convincing argument is found though the philosophy of the book makes in the great difference known to exist, in them one, and is utterly unable to satisfy the many of the domesticated animals. In condifficulty, or give one sound reason that will nection with this view, we are sustained, account for it. by that eminent physiologist, Dr. Carpenter, A sufficient one is at hand, and is founded who says, that "the extreme variations which upon the observation of Heeren in his learned present themselves between the races, appawork of travels, in which he attributes the rently the most removed from one another, assemblage of all these varieties to the ex-are not greater in degree than those which istence, in this immense extent of country, exist between the different breeds of domesto every variety of soil, climate and condition.* ticated animals, which are known to have descended from a common stock; and that Among the inhabitants of Oceanica is they are the same kind, with the variations found every variety of form, feature, hair, which present themselves in any one race of and skull, except those of the Esquimaux. mankind-the difference of degree being It is believed and the facts indicate, that clearly attributable in the majority of cases, the Malayo-Polynesians are the offspring of to the respective conditions under which each one common stock; they are a numerous race exists. people, and among them are found "undoubt * Vol. i. p. 286. "That none of the variations which have | ges which attend the variety of man, as the been pointed out, as existing among the dif-climates of the earth gradually progress from ferent races of mankind, have the least claim one extreme until they reach the other, we to be regarded as valid specific distinctions; are more satisfied that local causes, such as being entirely destitute of that fixity which we have mentioned, are the reasons which is requisite to entitle them to such a rank, have presented the difference which has been and exhibiting in certain groups of each race traced. a tendency to pass into the characters of some others."* Well informed men can easily perceive, as is well known, that races differing so widely It has been often observed, and is a well from each other as the negro and the white known fact, that the changes which take man are identical, and can be traced to their place in the domesticated animal, extend former similarity. even to modifications of colour, the texture The Hindoos differ from the whites in and the thickness of the external covering, shape and colour-the nose and lips resemthe structure of the limbs, and the propor-bling the European, and from the traces of tional size of the limbs, to the relative de- ancient history, there exists no doubt of their velopment of the organs of the senses, and belonging to the white race.* The Abyssiof the psychological powers, involving chan-nians, or inhabitants of Upper Ethiopia, as ges in the form of the cranium, and as to ac- it was called by the ancients, are perfectly quired propensities. black. They are believed by historians and In connection with this point, we are re-antiquarians to belong to the Semitic family, minded of the illustration of Blumenbach, in and therefore to a white race. In India the his comparison between Man and the Swine. descendants of Europeans, the Persians, No naturalist doubts the descent of the do- Greeks, Tartars, Turks, Arabs, Portuguese, mestic swine from the wild boar, and every have all totally changed their colour.t variety through which they have passed, Our argument has been drawn from analeither in the improved breed, or the most ogy, and it will be contended that analogy degenerated runt, still shows the parent stock; will not prove the unity of the races. If it and the difference between the cranium of a is not an absolute proof, it is a legitimate and negro and that of a European, is not in the least forcible form of argument, and in this indegree more notable, (says the author to whom stance it is conclusive, especially in the abwe have just alluded,) than that equally stri-sence of proof to sustain the conclusion to king difference which exists between the cra- which our authors have arrived, when we nium of the wild boar and that of the do- have proven their data to be fallacious, and mestic swine; and in some countries, he adds, the facts they have used not sufficient to esthe swine; have degenerated into races which tablish their conclusions; for every differin singularity, exceed every thing that has ence in crania, feature, complexion, which been found strange in bodily variety among has been made known to us, has been acthe human race. counted for upon sound philosophical reaNor need any one be ashamed to express son, and the experience and observation of the opinion, in conjunction with such author-learned travellers. Before we can allow ity, that it is absurd to maintain that the vast ourselves to become the victims of a false variety of Man have not issued from a com-learning, and embrace doctrines which unmon centre, as it would be to contend, that the large variety of swine have each a different and distinct origin. hinge the moral rule of the Universe, and destroy every hope the Christian has heretofore pressed to his bosom as the only soIn the present essay, it has been our effort lace for his grief, and the only basis upon to draw the attention of the reader to every which the salvation of an immortal soul can extreme of human existence, to every va- rest,-may we not ask for proof "as strong riety of color, crania and feature, and look-as holy writ" before yielding it our respect ing to the insensible and very gradual chan- or credence? Indeed, we may ask, can any * Carpenter's Principles of Human Physiology. Philadelphia. 1847. *Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Art. India. |