Mat.xxii.34.

35.

25 For-neither marry, nor are given in marriage; but are Jerusalem. as the angels

26 And as touching the dead, that they rise

27 He is not the God of the dead, but the God of the living :

LUKE XX. part of ver. 27, 28, 29. 31. ver. 33. part of ver. 34. 37.
and 38.

27 Then came to him certain of the Sadducees, which deny
that there-

28 having a wife, and he die without children, that his bro-
ther should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
29 There were-took a wife, and died without children.

31 And the third took her; and in like manner the seven.
also-

33 Therefore in the resurrection whose wife of them is she? for seven had her to wife.

34 And Jesus answering said unto them

37 Now that the dead are raised-at the bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.

38 For he is not a God of the dead, but of the living

SECTION XVI.

Christ replies to the Pharisees.

MATT. Xxii. 34-40. MARK Xii. 28-34.

But when the Pharisees had heard that he had put the
Sadducees to silence, they also were gathered together.
Then one of them, which was a lawyer,

Mark xii.28. one of the Scribes came, and having heard them reason-
ing together, and perceiving that he had answered them
well,

Mat.xxii,35. asked him a question, tempting him, and saying,

36.

Master,

Mark xii 28, which is the first commandment of all?

Mat.xxii.36. which is the great commandment in the law?
Mark xii.29. And Jesus answered

Mat.xxii.37, and said unto him,

Mark xii.29. The first of all the commandments is, Hear, O Israel; the
Lord our God is one Lord:

30.

And thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy strength: this is the first

Mat.xxii.38. and great commandment.

39.

And the second is like unto it,

Mark xii.31. namely this, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.
There is none other commandment greater than these.
On these two commandments hang all the law and the
prophets.

Mat.xxii.40.

Mark xii.32.

And the Scribe said unto him, Well, Master, thou hast
said the truth: for there is one God, and there is none
other but he :

33. And to love him with all the heart, and with all the
understanding, and with all the soul, and with all the

Mark xii.33. strength, is more than all whole-burnt offerings and sacri- Jerusalem.

34.

fices.

And when Jesus saw that he answered discreetly, he said unto him, Thou art not far from the kingdom of God. And no man after that durst ask him any question.

MATT. Xxii. ver. 37. and part of ver. 38, 39.

37 Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. 38 This is the first

39 -Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.

MARK Xii. part of ver. 28. 30, 31.

Mat.xxii.41.

42.

Mark xii.35.

Luke xx.31.

Mark xii.35.

Mat.xxii.43.

Christ inquires of the Pharisees concerning the Messiah.
MATT. xxii. 41. to the end.

MARK Xii. 35-37.

LUKE XX. 41-44.

While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus
asked them,

Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he?
They say unto him, The Son of David 12.

And Jesus answered, and said

unto them,

while he taught in the temple, How say the Scribes that
Christ is the Son of David?

He saith unto them, How then doth David, in spirit,
I call him Lord?

12 That the expected Messiah should be the son of David, was a thing well known among the Jews, and universally acknowledged: see John vii. 42. and is a most powerful proof against them, that the Messiah is come. Their families are now so perfectly confounded, that they cannot trace back their genealogies with any degree of certainty: nor have they been capable of ascertaining the different families of their tribes, for more than sixteen hundred years. Why then should the spirit of prophecy assert so often, and in such express terms, that Jesus was to come from the family of David; if he were to make his appearance when the public registers were all demolished? Is it not evident that God designed that the Messiah should come at a time when the public genealogies might be inspected, to prove that it was He who was prophesied of, and that no other was to be expected. The Evangelists, Matthew and Luke, were so fully convinced of the conclusiveness of this proof, that they appealed to the public registers; and thus proved to the Jews, from their own records, that Jesus was born of the family mentioned by the prophets. Nor do we find that a Scribe, Pharisee, or any other, ever attempted to invalidate this proof, though it would have essentially served their cause, could they have done it. But, as this has not been done, we may fairly conclude it was impossible to do it.-Clarke in loc.

Mark xii.36.

For David himself said by the Holy Ghost,

Luke xx.42. in the Book of Psalms,

Mat.xxii.43. saying,

44. The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right
hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool.

Mark xii.37.
Mat.xxii.45.

46.

David therefore himself calleth him Lord;
If David then call him Lord, how is he his son?

And no man was able to answer him a word: neither
durst any man from that day forth ask him any more
questions.

Mark xii.37. And the common people heard him gladly.

Luke xx.45.

MARK Xii. part of ver. 36, 37.

36-The Lord said to my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand till I make thine enemies thy footstool.

37

and whence is he then his son ?

LUKE XX. part of ver. 41, 42. and ver. 43, 44.

41 And he said-How say they that Christ is David's son?
42 And David himself saith-The Lord said unto my Lord,
Sit thou on my right hand.

43 Till I make thine enemies thy footstool.

44 David therefore calleth him Lord; how is he then his son ?

SECTION XVIII.

Christ severely reproves the Pharisees.

MATT. xxiii. 1. to the end. MARK Xii. 38—40,
LUKE XX. 45. to the end.

Then, in the audience of all the people,

Mat.xxiii.1. spake Jesus to the multitude, and to his disciples,
And he said unto them in his doctrine,

Mark xii.38.

Mat. xxiii.2. The Scribes and the Pharisees sit in Moses' seat:

3.

All therefore whatsoever they bid you observe, that
observe and do: but do not ye after their works: for
and do not.
they say,

Mark xii.38. Beware of the Scribes,

Mat.xxiii.4.

5.

For they bind heavy burdens, and grievous to be borne,
and lay them on men's shoulders; but they themselves
will not touch them with one of their fingers.

But all their works they do for to be seen of men: they
Mark xii.38. love to go in long clothing,

Mat.xxiii.5. they make broad their philacteries, and enlarge the bor

6.

7.

Luke xx.47.

ders of their garments,

And love the uppermost rooms at feasts, and the chief
seats in the synagogues,

And greetings in the markets, and to be called of men,
Rabbi, Rabbi.

Which devour widows' houses, and for a shew

Markxii.40. for a pretence,

Lukexx.47. make long prayers; the same shall receive greater dam

nation.

Jerusalem.

Mat.xxiii.8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

But be not ye called Rabbi: for one is your Master, Jerusalem. even Christ, and all ye are brethren.

And call no man your father upon the earth: for one is your Father, which is in heaven.

Neither be ye called Masters: for one is your Master, even Christ.

But he that is greatest among you shall be your servant. And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased: and he that shall humble himself shall be exalted.

But woe unto you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites!

for ye shut up the kingdom of heaven against men: for
ye neither go in yourselves, neither suffer ye them that

are entering to go in.

Woe unto you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye devour widows' houses, and for a pretence make long prayer: therefore ye shall receive the greater damnation. Woe unto you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye compass sea and land to make one proselyte, and when he is made, ye make him twofold more the child of hell than yourselves.

Woe unto you, ye blind guides, which say, Whosoever shall swear by the temple, it is nothing: but whosoever shall swear by the gold of the temple, he is a debtor !

Ye fools and blind: for whether is greater, the gold, or the temple that sanctifieth the gold?

And, Whosoever shall swear by the altar, it is nothing; but whosoever sweareth by the gift that is upon it, he is guilty.

Ye fools and blind for whether is greater, the gift, or the altar that sanctifieth the gift?

Whoso therefore shall swear by the altar, sweareth by it, and by all things thereon.

And whoso shall swear by the temple, sweareth by it, and by him that dwelleth therein.

And he that shall swear by heaven, sweareth by the throne of God, and by him that sitteth thereon.

Woe unto you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye pay tithe of mint, and anise, and cummin, and have omitted the weightier matters of the law, judgment, mercy, and faith: these ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other undone.

Ye blind guides, which strain at a gnat, and swallow a camel.

Woe unto you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye make clean the outside of the cup and of the platter, but within they are full of extortion and excess.

Thou blind Pharisee 13, cleanse first that which is within

13 Our Lord, no longer under restraint from fear of apprehension, as he was now on the point of offering Himself a willing victim, reproached the Pharisees in the strongest terms, in

Mt.xxiii.26 the cup and platter, that the outside of them may be clean Jerusalem. 27. also.

Woe unto you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye are like unto whited sepulchres, which indeed appear beautiful outward, but are within full of dead men's bones, 28. and of all uncleanness.

Even so ye also outwardly appear righteous unto men, 29. but within ye are full of hypocrisy and iniquity.

Woe unto you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye build the tombs of the prophets, and garnish the 30. sepulchres of the righteous,

And say, If we had been in the days of our fathers, we
would not have been partakers with them in the blood of
31. the prophets.

Wherefore ye be witnesses unto yourselves, that ye
32. are the children of them which killed the prophets.
Fill ye up then the measure of your fathers.

33.

Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape 34. the damnation of hell?

Wherefore, behold, I send unto you prophets, and wise men, and Scribes: and some of them ye shall kill

the presence of all the people, for their shameful pride and
hypocrisy, and for their wilful misapprehension of the spirit
and intent of the law of Moses. In this passage he seems parti-
cularly to allude to the custom prevalent among the more osten-
tatious of them, but condemned by others; of covering their head
and eyes, lest they should even look upon the wickedness of
the world, upon wicked men, or upon any thing which might
incite them to evil. In consequence of this practice, they
would sometimes strike against a wall, and cover themselves
with blood. The Talmudist, who describes it, on o

eos hoc non fecisse ad gloriam Dei, sed ut אלא לרמות בני אדם:

homines deciperent. Vides (Schoetgen adds) ergo Judæos
αὐτοκατακρίτες. et veritatem servatoris etiam inimicorum ipsius
testimonio comprobatam (a). It must, however, be remembered,
that the Pharisees did but disguise the traditional truth re-
ceived from their ancestors. Archdeacon Blomfield has admi-
rably discussed this subject, with great skill and learning. His
conclusions may be expressed in that of Schoetgen.

Quamvis vero Christus Pharisæos tantopere refutat, non ta-
men existimandum est, ipsum omnes Judæorum doctrinas ab-
solute rejecisse. Credibile quippe est in antiquiore Judæorum
Ecclesia circa el post Esræ tempora multa viguisse Veritatis an-
tiquæ ac nondum depravatæ vestigia. Veritatis, inquam, il-
liusque tum quod ad dogmata, tum quod ad mores spectat con-
sideratæ. Quæcunque ergo cum œconomiâ novå et perfectione,
quam a nobis Christus requirit, conveniebant, illa omnia re-
tinuit. Unde non mirum, multa a Lightfoot et nobis ex Pan-
dectis Judæorum adferri potuisse, quæ cum doctrinâ Salvatoris
omnino conveniunt. Fermentum Pharasaicum omnia polluerat.
Schoetgen, vol. i. p. 27.

(a) Anich, fol. 127. 4. ap Schoetgen, Hora Hebraicæ, &c. vol. i. p. 205. Archdeacon Blomfield's tract, Knowledge of Jewish Traditions essential to an Interpretation of the New Testament.