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as his not contributing his contingent to the empire, whereof he is a member, was excufed by the preffures he lay under, having a confederacy to deal with.

In this war, the king of Sweden was victorious; and what dangers were we not then expofed to? what fears were we not in? He marched into Saxony, and if he had really been in the French intercft, might at once have put us under the greatest difficulties. But the torrent turned another way; and he contented himself with impofing on his enemy the treaty of Alt Rafladt; by which K. Auguflus makes an abfolute ceffion of the crown of Poland, renounces any title to it, acknowledges Staniflaus; and then, both he and the king of Sweden, join in defiring the guarantee of England and Holland. The Queen did not indeed give this guarantee in form; but, as a step towards it, the title of King was given to StanifJaus, by a letter from her Majefty; and the strongeft affurances were given to the Swedish minifter, in her Majesty's name, and a committee of council, that the guarantee should speedily be granted; and that, in the mean while, it was the fame thing as if the forms were paffed.

In 1708, K. Auguftus made the campaign in Flanders: what meafures he might at that time take, or of what nature the arguments might be, that he made ufe of, is not known: but, immediately after, he breaks through all that he had done, marches into Poland, and reaffumes the crown.. After this, we apprehended, that the peace of

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the empire might be endangered; and therefore, entered into an act of guarantee, for the neutrality of it. The king of Sweden refused, upon several accounts, to fubmit to the terms of this trea ty; particularly, because we went out of the empire, to cover Poland and Jutland, but did not go out of it to cover the territories of Sweden.

Let us therefore confider, what is our cafe at prefent. If the king of Sweden return, and get the better, he will think himself under no obligation of having any regard to the interefts of the allies; but will naturally purfue, according to his own expression, his enemy wherever he finds him. In this cafe, the corps of the neutrality is obliged to oppofe him; and so we are engaged in a fecond war, before the first be ended.

If the northern confederates fucceed against Sweden, how fhall we be able to preserve the balance of power in the north, fo effential to our trade, as well as in many other refpects? What will become of that great fupport of the proteftant intereft in Germany, which is the footing that the Swedes now have in the empire? Or, who fhall anfwer, that these princes, after they have fettled the north to their minds, may not take a fancy to look fouthward, and make our peace with France according to their own fchemes?

And lastly, if the King of Pruffia, the Elector of Hanover, and other princes, whofe dominions ly contiguous, be forced to draw from thofe armies which act against France, we muft, live in hourly expectation of having thofe troops recalled,

which they now leave with us; and this recal may happen in the midst of a fiege, or on the eve of a battle. Is it therefore our intereft, to toil on in a ruinous war, for an impracticable end, till one of thefe cafes fhall happen, or to get under fhelter before the storm?

There is no doubt but the present miniftry (provided they could get over the obligations of honour and confcience) might find their advantage in advising the continuance of the war, as well as the laft did, although not in the fame degree, after the kingdom hath been fo much exhaufted. They might prolong it, till the parliament defire a peace; and, in the mean time, leave them in full poffeffion of power. Therefore, it is plain, that their proceedings at prefent, are meant to serve their country directly against their private interest; whatever clamour may be raised by thofe, who, for the vileft ends, would remove heaven and earth to oppofe their measures. But they think it infinitely better, to accept fuch terms. as will fecure our trade, find a fufficient barrier for the States, give reafonable fatisfaction to the Emperor, and reftore the tranquillity of Europe, although without adding Spain to the empire; rather than go on in a languishing way, upon the vain expectation of fome improbable turn, for the recovery of that monarchy out of the Bourbon family; and at laft be forced to a worse peace, by fome of the allies falling off, upon our utter ina-bility to continue the war.

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REMARKS on the BARRIER-TREATY between her Majefty and the States-General.

To which are added, The faid BARRIER-TREATY, with the two feparate articles; Part of the counter-project: The fentiments of Prince Eugene and Count Sinzendorf upon the faid treaty; and, A representation of the English merchants at Bruges. ·

Written in the year 1712.

PREFACE.

7HEN I publifhed the difcourfe, called, The conduct of the Allies, I had thoughts, either of inferting, or annexing, the Barrier-treaty at length, with fuch obfervations as I conceived might be useful for public information: but that discourse taking up more room than I defigned, after my utmost endeavours to abbreviate it, I contented myself only with making some few reflections upon that famous treaty, fufficient, as I thought, to answer the defign of my book. I have fince heard, that my readers in general feemed to wish I had been more particular, and have discovered an impatience to have that treaty made public, efpecially fince it hath been laid before the House of Commons.

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That I may give fome light to the reader, who is not well verfed in thofe affairs, he may please to know, that a project for a treaty of Barrier with the States, was tranfmitted hither from Holland; but, being difapproved of by our court in several parts, a new project or scheme of a treaty was drawn up here, with many additions and alterations. This laft was called the counter-pro-` ject; and was the meafure, whereby the Duke of Marlborough and my Lord Townshend were commanded and inftructed to proceed in negociating a treaty of barrier with the States.

I have added a tranflation of this counter-project, in thofe articles where it differs from the barrier-treaty, that the reader, by comparing them together, may judge how punctually thofe negociators obferved their inftructions. I have likewife fubjoined the fentiments of Prince Eugene of Savoy, and the Count de Sinzendorf, relating to this treaty, written, I fuppofe, while it was negociating. And lastly, I have added a copy of the representation of the British merchants at Bruges, fignifying what inconveniencies they already felt, and further apprehended from this barrier-treatys

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