their "Guide to Egypt" and in "The Nile" a summary of the contents of the rooms of the Egyptian Museum, but, as M. Maspero has issued a "Guide to the Cairo Museum," they have decided to omit such summary here. An English translation of Prof. Maspero's "Guide" by Mr. and Mrs. Quibell and Miss Pirie may be purchased at the Museum.

The Egyptian Collection in Cairo is the richest in the world in monuments of the first six dynasties, but in some classes of the later antiquities its collections are poor. No visitor should omit to see :

I. The painted maṣṭăba doors and statues of dynasties IV.-VI.

2. The Shekh al-Balad.

3. The Inscriptions of Unȧ and Her-Khuf.
4. The Statues of Mycerinus and Khephren.
5. The Tomb of Heru-hetep.

6. The Sphinxes and monuments from Tanis.

7. The stela of Piankhi and of other Nubian kings from Gebel Barkal.

8. The statue of Amenȧrṭās.

9. The Tablet of Sakkara.

10. The Stele of Pithom.

II. The Stele of Canopus.

12. The Tell al-Amarna Tablets.

13. The Royal Mummies from Dêr al-Baḥarî.

14. The papyrus containing the Maxims of Ani. 15. The Fayyûm Papyrus.

16. The Dahshûr jewellery.

17. The jewellery of Àāḥ-ḥetep.

18. The green slate object of Nārmer.

19. The leather body of the chariot of Thothmes IV.

20. Typical examples of all the painted coffins.

21. The Karnak statues, which were discovered by M. George Legrain in 1902-04.

22. The Contents of the Tomb of Iuȧa and Thuȧu, the father and mother of Queen Thi, discovered by Mr. Theodore M. Davis in 1905.

23. The Cow of Hathor, discovered by Prof. Naville at Dêr al-Bahari in 1906.

In a room attached to the Museum visitors may purchase Egyptian antiquities, and as many travellers wish to take away with them a scarab or a ushabti figure, or some small object which was buried with the mummy, the following notes, which explain the commonest of them, are added:

*

Ushabtiu figures are made of stone, alabaster, wood, and glazed faïence, and are in the form of the god Osiris, who is here represented in the form of a mummy. They were placed in the tomb to do certain agricultural works for the deceased, who was supposed to be condemned to sow the fields, to fill the canals with water, and to carry sand from the East to the West. They are usually inscribed with the VIth Chapter of the Book of the Dead. As many travellers buy ushabtiu figures in Egypt, the following version of the chapter may be of interest to them :

in the underworld, behold, be there smitten down for him

That is to say, the deceased addresses each figure and says, "Oushabtiu figures, if the Osiris," that is, the deceased, "is decreed to do any work whatsoever in the underworld may all obstacles be cast down in front of him!" The figure answers and says, "Here am I ready when ye call." The deceased next says, "O ye figures, be ye ever watchful to work, to plough and sow the fields, to water the canals, and to carry sand from the east to the west." The figure replies, "Here am I when ye call."

Amulets.

1. The Buckle or Tie,, usually made of some red stone, the colour of which was intended to represent the blood of Isis; it was placed on the neck of the mummy which it was supposed to protect. It was often inscribed with the CLVIth Chapter of the Book of the Dead.

2. The Țet, 1, horns, M,

which had sometimes plumes, disk, and attached to it, was also placed on the neck

of the mummy, and was often inscribed with the CLVth Chapter of the Book of the Dead.

3. The Vulture,

was placed upon the neck of

the mummy on the day of the funeral, and brought with it the protection of the "mother" Isis.

4. The Collar,, was placed upon the neck of the mummy on the day of the funeral.

5. The Papyrus Sceptre, &,

was placed upon the

neck of the mummy, and typified the green youth which it was hoped the deceased would enjoy in the nether world.

6. The Pillow,, usually made of hæmatite, was generally inscribed with the CLXVIth Chapter of the Book of the Dead.

7. The Heart, &, represented the Kheperȧ."

8. The Ankh, †, represented “Life.”

9. The Utchat, or symbolic Eye, health and happiness," and was a very amulet in Egypt.

"soul of

typified "good

popular form of

10. The Nefer, †, represented “good-luck.” 11. The Sma,↓, represented “union.”

12. The Menat,, represented "virility."

13. The Neha, P, represented "protection."

14. The Serpent's Head,, was placed in mummies to prevent their being devoured by worms.

15. The Frog,

66 abundance."

, represented "fertility" and

16. The Stairs,, were the symbol of ascending to heaven.

17. The Fingers, index and medius, found inside mummies, represented the two fingers which the god Horus. stretched out to help the deceased up the ladder to heaven.

Scarabs.-Scarab

or Scarabæus (from the Greek Kapaẞos) is the name given by Egyptologists to the myriads of models of a certain beetle, which are found in mummies and tombs and in the ruins of temples and other buildings in Egypt, and in other countries the inhabitants of which, from a remote period, had intercourse with the Egyptians. M. Latreille considered the species which he named Ateuchus Aegyptiorum, or ἡλιοκάνθαρος, and which is of a fine greenish colour, as that which especially engaged the attention of the early Egyptians, and Dr. Clarke affirmed that it was eaten by the women of Egypt because it was considered to be an emblem of fertility. In these insects a remarkable